高心墙堆石坝施工方案综合优化与设计管理研究
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摘要
高心墙堆石坝工程施工工期长、投资大、工序多、施工条件复杂,且极易受自然条件影响,其方案的设计是一项庞大、漫长、复杂的系统工程。因此如何进行设计方案的优化,如何有效对设计过程进行管理与控制,是保证设计质量、得到最优设计方案的关键。本文将模糊土石方规划、施工全过程仿真、投资与工期风险分析、模糊综合评价等先进技术方法引入到高心墙堆石坝方案设计中,开展了高心墙堆石坝施工方案设计优化与管理的理论分析与应用研究。针对高心墙堆石坝建设过程中的关键问题,提出了综合考虑施工现场中不确定因素的土石方模糊动态调配规划方法,探讨了考虑投资与工期风险均较优的施工资源综合优化问题,进行了施工导流方案的模糊综合评价;针对高心墙堆石坝工程设计过程的复杂性,研究了面向项目全生命周期的高心墙堆石坝工程设计管理的内容及方法,开发了设计管理系统,以期为高心墙堆石坝工程施工方案优化与设计管理提供理论指导与技术支持。主要工作和成果如下:
1.建立了高心墙堆石坝土石方模糊动态调配与优化模型。考虑水电工程土石方调配中的不确定因素,在土石方调配模型中加入模糊参数和约束条件,建立了土石方调配模糊线性规划数学模型,克服了确定性调配模型的不足。并以实际工程施工方案设计为例,表明了方法的优越性。
2.提出了耦合投资-工期风险下高心墙堆石坝施工资源多目标综合优化模型。在施工动态仿真得到的工期风险基础上,建立了综合优化的数学模型,进行了优化求解。综合考虑了利率和物价上涨因素,用多目标优化方法中的TOPSIS法寻找出投资与工期风险均较优的资源配置方案。
3.建立了基于Vague集的施工导流方案模糊综合评价模型。在综合考虑各种技术条件和经济指标等因素的基础上,并应用Vague集的理论,进行了施工导流方案模糊综合评价。克服了以往模糊数学不能表现介于肯定信息和否定信息之间的踌躇性的缺陷。
4.分析了面向项目全生命周期的高心墙堆石坝工程设计管理的内容及特点,研制开发了面向项目全生命周期的高心墙堆石坝工程设计管理系统。以长河坝高心墙堆石坝工程为例,阐述了系统进行设计管理的流程,通过系统的应用,提高了长河坝工程设计水平与效率。
With the characteristics of long construction period, great investment, complicated working procedure, complex conditions of construction and sensitivity to environmental conditions in high rockfill dam project, construction scheme design for high rockfill dam is a huge, long and complicated system engineering. How to study and select optimized construction scheme, and how to manage and control design process effectively are the key problem to ensure design quality and acquire optimal design scheme. In this paper advanced technical methods such as whole process simulation, analysis on schedule risk and investment evaluation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation have been introduced into construction design and management of high rockfill dam to carry out theoretic analysis and application research of optimizing and management of construction scheme design for high rockfill dam. For key problems of construction scheme design for high rockfill dam,earthwork and stonework programming method,comprehensively taking diversified possible factors on construction site into consideration,has been put forward, investment of construction scheme and comprehensive optimization of construction period risk have been investigated, scheme optimization of river diversion engineering has been carried out using advanced fuzzy theory, the content and flow of design management facing the whole project life cycle has been studied and the corresponding design management system has been developed. Hoping to provide comprehensive evaluation and design management of high rockfill dam with theoretical guidance and technical support. The main work and results of this paper are as follows.
1. All-coefficient fuzzy linear programming mathematical model for distribution of earthwork and stonework is established. Due to uncertainty of construction plan in distribution of earthwork and stonework in hydropower project,fuzzy restriction condition has been introduced into distribution model of earthwork and stonework and fuzzy linear programming mathematical model, comprehensively taking fuzziness of distribution of earthwork and stonework into consideration has been established to overcome disadvantages of deterministic distribution model.
2. Investment-construction period risk comprehensive optimization model based on dynamic construction simulation has been first advanced. Based on construction period risk obtained by dynamic construction simulation,firstly,comprehensively taking interest rate and price rising into consideration,equilibrium point between investment and risk which meets the plan time has been find out using evaluation function method in multi-objective optimization method. Then,Comprehensive optimization mathematical model has been established and its optimization solution has been worked out.
3. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of construction diversion scheme based on vague set is built. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of construction diversion scheme has been performed based on comprehensively taking various technical condition and economic index into consideration and theory of Vague Set, which overcomes hesitate nature that fuzzy mathematics cannot represent information between positive information and negative information.
4. Analyzing the content and characteristic of design management for high rockfill dam facing the whole project life cycle, the design management system has been developed. Through the application of Changheba hydropower project, the flow of design management has been illustrated. The application of design management system can improve the design level and efficiency in high rockfill project.
1.建立了高心墙堆石坝土石方模糊动态调配与优化模型。考虑水电工程土石方调配中的不确定因素,在土石方调配模型中加入模糊参数和约束条件,建立了土石方调配模糊线性规划数学模型,克服了确定性调配模型的不足。并以实际工程施工方案设计为例,表明了方法的优越性。
2.提出了耦合投资-工期风险下高心墙堆石坝施工资源多目标综合优化模型。在施工动态仿真得到的工期风险基础上,建立了综合优化的数学模型,进行了优化求解。综合考虑了利率和物价上涨因素,用多目标优化方法中的TOPSIS法寻找出投资与工期风险均较优的资源配置方案。
3.建立了基于Vague集的施工导流方案模糊综合评价模型。在综合考虑各种技术条件和经济指标等因素的基础上,并应用Vague集的理论,进行了施工导流方案模糊综合评价。克服了以往模糊数学不能表现介于肯定信息和否定信息之间的踌躇性的缺陷。
4.分析了面向项目全生命周期的高心墙堆石坝工程设计管理的内容及特点,研制开发了面向项目全生命周期的高心墙堆石坝工程设计管理系统。以长河坝高心墙堆石坝工程为例,阐述了系统进行设计管理的流程,通过系统的应用,提高了长河坝工程设计水平与效率。
With the characteristics of long construction period, great investment, complicated working procedure, complex conditions of construction and sensitivity to environmental conditions in high rockfill dam project, construction scheme design for high rockfill dam is a huge, long and complicated system engineering. How to study and select optimized construction scheme, and how to manage and control design process effectively are the key problem to ensure design quality and acquire optimal design scheme. In this paper advanced technical methods such as whole process simulation, analysis on schedule risk and investment evaluation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation have been introduced into construction design and management of high rockfill dam to carry out theoretic analysis and application research of optimizing and management of construction scheme design for high rockfill dam. For key problems of construction scheme design for high rockfill dam,earthwork and stonework programming method,comprehensively taking diversified possible factors on construction site into consideration,has been put forward, investment of construction scheme and comprehensive optimization of construction period risk have been investigated, scheme optimization of river diversion engineering has been carried out using advanced fuzzy theory, the content and flow of design management facing the whole project life cycle has been studied and the corresponding design management system has been developed. Hoping to provide comprehensive evaluation and design management of high rockfill dam with theoretical guidance and technical support. The main work and results of this paper are as follows.
1. All-coefficient fuzzy linear programming mathematical model for distribution of earthwork and stonework is established. Due to uncertainty of construction plan in distribution of earthwork and stonework in hydropower project,fuzzy restriction condition has been introduced into distribution model of earthwork and stonework and fuzzy linear programming mathematical model, comprehensively taking fuzziness of distribution of earthwork and stonework into consideration has been established to overcome disadvantages of deterministic distribution model.
2. Investment-construction period risk comprehensive optimization model based on dynamic construction simulation has been first advanced. Based on construction period risk obtained by dynamic construction simulation,firstly,comprehensively taking interest rate and price rising into consideration,equilibrium point between investment and risk which meets the plan time has been find out using evaluation function method in multi-objective optimization method. Then,Comprehensive optimization mathematical model has been established and its optimization solution has been worked out.
3. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of construction diversion scheme based on vague set is built. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of construction diversion scheme has been performed based on comprehensively taking various technical condition and economic index into consideration and theory of Vague Set, which overcomes hesitate nature that fuzzy mathematics cannot represent information between positive information and negative information.
4. Analyzing the content and characteristic of design management for high rockfill dam facing the whole project life cycle, the design management system has been developed. Through the application of Changheba hydropower project, the flow of design management has been illustrated. The application of design management system can improve the design level and efficiency in high rockfill project.
引文
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