基于沥青石料表面改性的油石界面粘结剂研究
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摘要
我国的沥青混凝土公路普遍出现沥青路面的早期水损害现象。不仅在降雨量比较大的南方地区沥青路面的早期水损害问题比较严重,在降雨量相对较小的北方地区也都不同程度的出现了沥青路面早期水损害。沥青路面早期水损害出现的非常快,严重影响了交通运输业的发展。水损害的发生大大缩短了公路的使用寿命,缩短了沥青公路的养护和维修周期,增加了养护和维修的费用。因此沥青公路的早期水损害问题不但对高速公路的服务水平产生较大的影响,而且造成巨大的直接、间接经济损失,因此系统研究沥青路面早期水损害的防治和防止措施有着重大的经济和社会意义。
目前提高沥青与集料的粘附性的方法主要有两方面:一是使用与沥青粘结较好的碱性集料;二是采取一些抗剥落措施或使用抗剥落剂。
这两方面方法在一定程度上都可以改善沥青与集料的粘附性,但都存在着不足。使用碱性集料时,沥青混合料的水稳定性有一定提高,但同时也损失了沥青混合料的强度和耐疲劳性能。并且,目前的抗剥落措施和抗剥落剂都不能从根本上防止水损害的发生。因为它们与集料之间的连接强度都没有氢键的键能大,一旦有水进入沥青混凝土内部,亲水的集料表面会与水以氢键结合,同时把沥青从集料表面置换出来导致沥青膜发生剥离。并且上述的几种方法存在着增加工作量、长期效果不好等不足。因此,基于水损害发生的机理,找到一种抗剥离效果更好、热稳定性更强、使用方便、更加环保、更经济实用的方法来提高沥青路面水稳定性具有非常大的意义。
本文从改变沥青与集料的表面性质入手,通过界面改性使石料表面由亲水变为亲油从而达到抵抗水损害的目的。
使用硅烷对花岗岩集料进行改性时,应先将硅烷配制成水解溶液。水解溶剂应采用(水+醇)混合溶剂。而醇解和单一去离子水水解的方式均不宜采用。水解液的配比和水解时间的控制对改性效果有很大的影响。
根据硅烷偶联剂水解研究得到的最佳配比和水解时间配制硅烷改性剂溶液对花岗岩集料进行表面预处理改性;使用熔融的铝酸酯偶联剂,采用浸涂的方法改性花岗岩集料。
通过亲油化值试验、扫描电镜分析、红外光谱分析、差热热重试验、能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)分析研究了偶联剂对集料表面改性的反应条件、作用机理、热稳定性、及改性效果。通过对改性沥青接触角的观察分析了使用整体掺拌法的可行性。
采用冻融劈裂试验,发现改性沥青混合料的在提高路面水稳定性方面有明显效果。对于目前水损害问题的解决提出了一些建议。
Asphalt concrete road appeard phenomena of early water damage widespreadly in asphalt pavement in our country. Early water damage is not only serious in the South with heavy rainfall, but also appeared in varying degrees in the north with relatively little rainfall. Asphalt pavement early water damage occurs very quickly, and seriously affects the development of transportation. The occurence of water damage significantly shortened the life of highway, and shortened the asphalt road maintenance and repair cycles, increased the cost of maintenance and repair. Early water damage of asphalt highway problems not only have a greater impact on highway level of service, and cause significant direct and indirect economic losses, so a system study on control and preventive measures of asphalt pavement early water damage has a significant economic and social significance.
Currently, there are two main aspects of method in increasing the adhesion of asphalt and aggregates: first, use the alkaline aggregate and asphalt bonded better; the second is to take some anti-stripping measures or anti-stripping agent.
Both methods can be to a certain extent improve the adhesion of asphalt and aggregates, but there is a shortage. When using alkaline aggregate, the water stability of asphalt mixture has improved, but it also has lost strength and resistance of asphalt mixtures fatigue properties. Also, current anti-stripping measures and anti-stripping agent will not be able to fundamentally prevent water damage from occurring. Because the hydrogen bonds between them and aggregate less than bond energy, once the water goes into asphalt concrete, aggregates of hydrophilic surface and water to hydrogen bonding, while replacing asphalt from aggregate cause stripping asphalt membrane. And there are some shortages of above methods, such as increasing works, long term and bad effects, etc. Therefore, based on the occuring mechanism of water damage, locate a thermal stability of anti-stripping performance better, more powerful, easy to use, more environmentally friendly and more economical and practical way to enhance the water stability of asphalt pavement with a very significant meaning. In this paper, starting with changing the surface properties of asphalt and aggregate, through interface modification of the stone surface from hydrophilic to lipophilic and thus achieve the purpose of resistance to water damage. Using silane to granite aggregates when a modification is made, it should first be silane hydrolysis solution preparation. Hydrolysis of solvent should be used (water + alcohol) mixtures. Alcohol solution and a single hydrolysis of deionized water should not be used. Composition of hydrolysis of hydrolysis time control has a great effect on modification effect. According to obtained by hydrolysis of silane coupling agent composition and hydrolysis time-optimal preparation of silane-modified agent solution to surface modification of granite aggregates; using molten aluminum acid ester coupling agent, using granite aggregates modified by dipping method. By lipophilic values test, scanning electron microscope analysis, infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal thermogravimetric test, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of coupling agent on the set of reaction conditions, mechanisms of surface modification of materials, thermal stability, and modification of effect. The feasibility of using whole-doped mixed method is analysis through the observing of contact angle of modified asphalt. In SongYuan area for a test of road repair, road surface through the following observation is discoverd that modified repair materials improve the stability of water and have a significant effect of fatigue resistance.
目前提高沥青与集料的粘附性的方法主要有两方面:一是使用与沥青粘结较好的碱性集料;二是采取一些抗剥落措施或使用抗剥落剂。
这两方面方法在一定程度上都可以改善沥青与集料的粘附性,但都存在着不足。使用碱性集料时,沥青混合料的水稳定性有一定提高,但同时也损失了沥青混合料的强度和耐疲劳性能。并且,目前的抗剥落措施和抗剥落剂都不能从根本上防止水损害的发生。因为它们与集料之间的连接强度都没有氢键的键能大,一旦有水进入沥青混凝土内部,亲水的集料表面会与水以氢键结合,同时把沥青从集料表面置换出来导致沥青膜发生剥离。并且上述的几种方法存在着增加工作量、长期效果不好等不足。因此,基于水损害发生的机理,找到一种抗剥离效果更好、热稳定性更强、使用方便、更加环保、更经济实用的方法来提高沥青路面水稳定性具有非常大的意义。
本文从改变沥青与集料的表面性质入手,通过界面改性使石料表面由亲水变为亲油从而达到抵抗水损害的目的。
使用硅烷对花岗岩集料进行改性时,应先将硅烷配制成水解溶液。水解溶剂应采用(水+醇)混合溶剂。而醇解和单一去离子水水解的方式均不宜采用。水解液的配比和水解时间的控制对改性效果有很大的影响。
根据硅烷偶联剂水解研究得到的最佳配比和水解时间配制硅烷改性剂溶液对花岗岩集料进行表面预处理改性;使用熔融的铝酸酯偶联剂,采用浸涂的方法改性花岗岩集料。
通过亲油化值试验、扫描电镜分析、红外光谱分析、差热热重试验、能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)分析研究了偶联剂对集料表面改性的反应条件、作用机理、热稳定性、及改性效果。通过对改性沥青接触角的观察分析了使用整体掺拌法的可行性。
采用冻融劈裂试验,发现改性沥青混合料的在提高路面水稳定性方面有明显效果。对于目前水损害问题的解决提出了一些建议。
Asphalt concrete road appeard phenomena of early water damage widespreadly in asphalt pavement in our country. Early water damage is not only serious in the South with heavy rainfall, but also appeared in varying degrees in the north with relatively little rainfall. Asphalt pavement early water damage occurs very quickly, and seriously affects the development of transportation. The occurence of water damage significantly shortened the life of highway, and shortened the asphalt road maintenance and repair cycles, increased the cost of maintenance and repair. Early water damage of asphalt highway problems not only have a greater impact on highway level of service, and cause significant direct and indirect economic losses, so a system study on control and preventive measures of asphalt pavement early water damage has a significant economic and social significance.
Currently, there are two main aspects of method in increasing the adhesion of asphalt and aggregates: first, use the alkaline aggregate and asphalt bonded better; the second is to take some anti-stripping measures or anti-stripping agent.
Both methods can be to a certain extent improve the adhesion of asphalt and aggregates, but there is a shortage. When using alkaline aggregate, the water stability of asphalt mixture has improved, but it also has lost strength and resistance of asphalt mixtures fatigue properties. Also, current anti-stripping measures and anti-stripping agent will not be able to fundamentally prevent water damage from occurring. Because the hydrogen bonds between them and aggregate less than bond energy, once the water goes into asphalt concrete, aggregates of hydrophilic surface and water to hydrogen bonding, while replacing asphalt from aggregate cause stripping asphalt membrane. And there are some shortages of above methods, such as increasing works, long term and bad effects, etc. Therefore, based on the occuring mechanism of water damage, locate a thermal stability of anti-stripping performance better, more powerful, easy to use, more environmentally friendly and more economical and practical way to enhance the water stability of asphalt pavement with a very significant meaning. In this paper, starting with changing the surface properties of asphalt and aggregate, through interface modification of the stone surface from hydrophilic to lipophilic and thus achieve the purpose of resistance to water damage. Using silane to granite aggregates when a modification is made, it should first be silane hydrolysis solution preparation. Hydrolysis of solvent should be used (water + alcohol) mixtures. Alcohol solution and a single hydrolysis of deionized water should not be used. Composition of hydrolysis of hydrolysis time control has a great effect on modification effect. According to obtained by hydrolysis of silane coupling agent composition and hydrolysis time-optimal preparation of silane-modified agent solution to surface modification of granite aggregates; using molten aluminum acid ester coupling agent, using granite aggregates modified by dipping method. By lipophilic values test, scanning electron microscope analysis, infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal thermogravimetric test, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of coupling agent on the set of reaction conditions, mechanisms of surface modification of materials, thermal stability, and modification of effect. The feasibility of using whole-doped mixed method is analysis through the observing of contact angle of modified asphalt. In SongYuan area for a test of road repair, road surface through the following observation is discoverd that modified repair materials improve the stability of water and have a significant effect of fatigue resistance.
引文
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