《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想对隋唐宋金元时期脾胃学说形成的影响
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摘要
目的
张仲景《伤寒论》虽为外感立法，然其中蕴含了仲景重视脾胃之思想，这一思想对后世医家产生了深远影响，在对仲景脾胃学术思想揭示、继承、发展过程中，脾胃学说逐渐形成，成为中医学术体系中重要的组成部分。近代学者对《伤寒论》中脾胃学术思想进行了多方面的研究，但据目前研究情况来看，尚欠缺对《伤寒论》全篇有关脾胃学术思想文献的系统整理，难窥《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想之全貌；同时也欠缺对仲景《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想对后世脾胃学说形成发展影响之研究，难窥学术发展之历程，不利于后世学习借鉴前人之经验。
本课题研究旨在补充上述研究之不足，通过整理仲景《伤寒论》中有关脾胃学术思想的文献，以期全面认识仲景脾胃学术思想；同时结合隋唐宋金元时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的继承发展进行研究，以了解仲景脾胃学术思想对后世医家的影响，从中探询继承研究仲景脾胃学术思想的研究方法和研究方向，以供今天研究仲景学术效法。
方法
本课题研究分两个部分进行，分别使用如下方法：采用传统文献分类整理研究方法对《伤寒论》中有关脾胃学术思想的文献进行系统总结归类；采用文献比较研究的方法，分析隋唐宋金元时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的继承研究方法、此期脾胃学说的形成与仲景脾胃学术思想的关联。
结果
1.通过对仲景《伤寒论》文献的研究发现：①《伤寒论》中有丰富的有关脾胃病证及与脾胃相关病证的病因病机、症状体征、预防调护、演变预后、治法方药等方面的文献。②阳道实、阴道虚、气机失调、他脏影响及脾胃导致脾胃功能受损、气机升降失常，是导致临床各种疾病发生的重要因机。③《伤寒论》中所涉及的脾胃病证广泛，对症状体征的描述详细；同时注意到了不仅脾胃本经会出现脾胃病证，他经他脏亦可以对脾胃产生影响，导致脾胃疾病的发生。④确立了脾胃病证治疗大法：阳道实寒凉以清降胃腑、阴道虚温热以升补脾阳、气机失常复其升降、他脏之病不忘脾胃，注重脾胃本脏本经之病证治疗，同时也注重脏腑之间的相互联系，对于脾胃病证及不属于脾胃但与脾胃相关的病证均从脾胃入手施治。⑤对疾病的预防调护时时顾护脾胃，注重脾胃阴津阳气物质的保护。⑥对疾病的演变预后，主要从脾胃功能进行判断，以脾胃功能的强弱断预后的好坏。仲景重视脾胃，为后世脾胃学说的形成发展奠定了理论和临床基础，值得研究继承发展。
2.通过对隋唐宋金元时期医家相关文献研究，发现此期医家对仲景学术的研究有不同的特点：
⑴伤寒学派重敷扬经旨，奠定了脾胃学说研究基石。在研究方法和揭示补充《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想方面有值得借鉴之处：①分别采用文献分类、文献注释、文献补充和文献总结等方法研究《伤寒论》有关脾胃学术思想内容，使后人能更好理解仲景之学术思想。通过医家有目的地对《伤寒论》中的文献进行分类，使读者一目了然了解仲景学术思想；通过对《伤寒论》的注释，揭示仲景学术思想，使学者对仲景学术思想有更深刻领会；通过补充仲景《伤寒论》之不足，从理论、病证到临证医案方药，深化对仲景学术的理解，更好服务于临床；通过文献总结，将《伤寒论》相关内容编成歌诀，提纲挈领，便于习诵，扩大仲景学术的影响。②从如下几个方面揭示《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想：防治疾病重视脾胃，强调了脾胃在人体中的重要地位；从经络入手分析病证，对伤寒六经从足经进行认识，使太阴、阳明归于脾胃；进行类证研究，分析异同，明确对脾胃病证的诊治；治法总结，提出阳明宜下、太阴宜温，用甘味药补、苦寒药泻；补入方药，揭示仲景脾胃诸方性质同时，补充了一些治疗脾胃病证方药。
⑵金元三派从多方发挥，促使脾胃学说形成，为后人研究继承仲景脾胃学术思想提供了研究方向，为后世脾胃学说的完善奠定理论和临床基础。金元时期河间学派、易水学派、丹溪学派医家继承了仲景重脾胃的学术思想，从不同角度补充了脾胃学说。在仲景学术的影响下，金元时期医家对脾胃学说的补充主要表现在如下几个方面：①从物质和功能角度论述脾胃为生命之本，认为人体阳气阴津的产生源于脾胃，脾胃是人体一身之气的来源，同时脾胃的升降功能正常是布散精微使人体脏腑功能正常，维持人体健康的基础；②从疾病发生角度论述了脾胃的重要地位，认为脾胃受损、气机升降失常不仅是外邪侵袭人体导致外感疾病的原因，也是各种内伤杂病发生的重要因素；③治疗上，有河间学派之寒凉清降、甘凉濡润以保护胃阴，有易水学派之甘温升提、健脾益气以资助脾阳，而丹溪学派将两派观念合而为一，用于内伤杂病的治疗中。
结论
1.仲景《伤寒论》中有丰富的脾胃学术方面文献，内容涉及病因病机、症状体征、预防调护、演变预后、治法方药等方面，为后世脾胃学说的形成发展奠定了理论和临床基础，值得我们进行系统的探讨和研究；
2、仲景《伤寒论》对隋唐宋金元时期医家深有影响，此期医家对仲景《伤寒论》中的脾胃学术思想进行了揭示，并在仲景脾胃学术思想启示下从不同角度进行发挥补充，形成了具有中医特色的脾胃学说体系，为后世脾胃学说的完善奠定了基础。这一时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的研究方法和研究方向值得后世学习效法，为我们提供了学习研究仲景学术的门径。
Object:
Zhang Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases on exogenouslegislation, which contains the thought of Zhang Zhongjingattention to spleen and stomach, that idea had a profound impacton the later physicians, revealed in spleen and stomach academicthought on Zhang Zhongjing, inheritance, development process,spleen-stomach theory evolve, become an important part of academicsystem of traditional Chinese medicine. Modern scholars on thespleen and stomach academic thought of Treatise on Febrile Diseaseshas multifaceted of research. But according to the present researchsituation, the lack of the system arrangement of all documents isdifficult to comprehensive understand the spleen and stomachacademic thought of Treatise on Febrile Diseases. At the same timethe lack of influence research of the spleen and stomach academicthought of Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases to the formationand development of the later spleen and stomach theory, difficultglimpse into academic development of course, is not conducive to later generations to learn from the experience of predecessors.
This research aims to supplement the above the shortage ofresearch, through the finishing the spleen and stomach academicthought of Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases of literature,in order to open a comprehensive understanding of Zhongjing spleenand stomach academic thought of.In combination with inheritance anddevelopment of Zhongjing spleen and stomach academic thought duringthe Sui, Tang, Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, in order to understandthe necessary of Zhongjing spleen and stomach academic thought forlater generations, and the influence of the spleen and stomach toinquire inheritance Zhongjing academic thought research methodsand research direction for research in Zhongjing academic today.
Methods:
This research is divided into two parts, respectively using thefollowing methods: by traditional literature classificationfinishing research method on the Treatise on Febrile Diseases aboutspleen and stomach academic thought of literature for systemsummary classified; by literature comparison research of method,analysis Sui Tang song Jin and Yuan dynasties period medical homeon Zhang Zhongjing's spleen and stomach academic thought ofinherited research method, and this period spleen and stomachdoctrine of formed and Zhang Zhongjing's spleen and stomachacademic thought of associated.
Result:
1. Through the study of zhong-jing's Treatise on Febrile Diseasesliterature we found that:(1) Treatise on Febrile Diseases containsrich of the spleen and stomach diseases and spleen and stomach-related diseases pathogenesis of syndrome, symptoms andsigns of evolution, nursing prevention, prognosis, treatment,therapy, prescription, and other aspects of literature.(2) YangDaoshi, Yin Daoxv, disorder of qi activity, other Zang effectspleen and stomach, result in impaired function of spleen andstomach, qi activity lift wrong, which lead to various clinicaldiseases.(3) The spleen and stomach diseases are extensive whichinvolved in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which are detaileddescriptions of symptoms and signs; Noting the emergence not onlyof spleen and stomach by the spleen-jing, other Zang and other Jingmay also have an impact on the spleen and stomach, resulting in theoccurrence of diseases of spleen and stomach.(4) Established thespleen and stomach disease treatment solution: using cold herbs todrop Fushi that in spleen to Yang Daoshi, and using warm herbs torose fill spleen Yang to Ying Daoxv, and restoring Qi’s rise andfall after Qi activity disorder, never forgeting spleen and stomachwhen other Zang is ill. Treatise on Febrile Diseases focused onspleen and stomach diseases treatment, while also focused on theconnection between zang-fu organs. Zhongjing treatment diseases ofthe spleen and stomach and related to the spleen and stomach fromthe perspective of the spleen and stomach (5) To prevent regulatingalways regard protecting spleen and stomach, pay attention toprotect the Yin Jin and Yang Qi substance of spleen and stomach.(6) For the evolution of disease prognosis, mainly from the spleenand stomach function, by the strength of the spleen and stomachfunction and prognosis. Zhongjing attaches great importance to thespleen and stomach, spleen and stomach theory after the formation of development laid a solid theoretical and clinical basis, worthstudying inheritance development.
2. By doctors in the Sui, Tang, song, Jin and Yuan dynastiesliterature studies we found that doctors academic studies on ZhangZhongjing in this period have different characteristics:
⑴Treatise on Febrile Diseases school dressing young doctrine,laid the cornerstone study on spleen-stomach theory. In researchmethods and revealing complement the academic thought of spleen andstomach of Treatise on Febrile Diseases is instructive:①Usingliterature classification, literature annotation, literaturesupplement and literature summary study of Treatise on FebrileDiseases about the academic thought of spleen and stomach contentsso that later generations to better understand how Zhong Jingzhiacademic thought. By physicians destination documentclassification in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, make the reader ata glance know zhongjing's academic thought; Through to the treatiseon febrile disease annotation, zhongjing's academic thought, makesa deep grasp of zhongjing's academic thought; By supplement theshortage of zhong-jing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases, from thetheory, disease and clinical basis, the formulas to deepen theunderstanding of zhongjing's academic, better service in the clinic;By literature summary, Treatise on Febrile Diseases related contentinto rhyme formulas, framing, facilitate learning, expandzhongjing's academic influence.②From following several aspectsrevealed the spleen and stomach academic thought of Treatise onFebrile Diseases: prevention and treatment of disease attachesgreat importance to the spleen and stomach, emphasized the spleenand stomach in the important position of human body; Analysis, from the perspective of the main and collateral channels diseasesyndrome, recognize six-channel in Treatise on Febrile Diseasesfrom foot, to make Tai Yin and Yang Ming attributed to spleen andstomach; Similar symptoms study, analyze the similarities anddifferences, clear the diagnosis and treatment of spleen andstomach diseases; treatment law summary, made Yangming should bepurgation, and Tai Yin should be warm and tonic nourish, withsweet herbs building up one’s health with tonics, and bitter colddrug purgation; filled into prescription, when revealed ZhangZhongjing's spleen and stomach all prescription nature.
⑵in Jin and Yuan dynasties,there are three schools, whichprompted the formation of spleen-stomach theory. Their researchprovides research direction on inheritance of spleen and stomachby Zhang Zhongjing's academic thought for posterity. At the sametime, they lay the theory for later perfection of spleen-stomachtheory and clinical basis. Hejian school,Yishui school and Danxischool doctors during the Jin and Yuan dynasties, inherited thespleen and stomach by Zhang Zhongjing's academic thought,complements the spleen-stomach theory from a different perspective.Under the influence of Zhang Zhongjing's academic, doctors in Jinand Yuan dynasties of spleen-stomach theory adding mainlymanifested in the following aspects:①In the viewpoint of materialstudy and function study, they discussed the spleen and stomachwas the basic of human body. They considered that Yang Qi and YinJing of human body results from the spleen and stomach.The spleenand stomach is the source of Qi in the human body. At the same time,the rise and fall of spleen and stomach function is normal spreadsubtle make normal human viscera function, maintain the basis of human health;②From the aspect of disease study the important roleof spleen and stomach, spleen and stomach’s damage, and the disorderof Qi’s rise and fall not only attacks the human body which leadsto exogenous diseases, also is an important factor of variousinternal miscellaneous diseases occur;③On the treatment, Hejianschool use cold herbs to clear down, cool and moist embellish toprotect stomach Yin. Yishui school use sweet warm herbs to tonicand lift spleen Yang Qi.Danxi school units two schools theory asone, used for internal injuries in the treatment of miscellaneousdiseases.
Conclusion:
1.There is rich literature of spleen and stomach theory inZhongjing’s Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which involves theetiology and pathogenesis, symptoms and signs, prevention ofregulating, evolution of prognosis, treatment, etc. The literatureprovides a theoretical and clinical basis for the formation anddevelopment of spleen-stomach theory, deserves our systematicstudy and research;
2. Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases has influence to sui,Tang, song, Jin and Yuan dynasties doctors.Doctors in this periodrevealed the spleen and stomach academic thought of Zhongjing'sTreatise on Febrile Diseases. The enlightenment from the differentaspect play supplement, forming the system with characteristic ofTCM theory of spleen and stomach, the improvement of the spleen andstomach theory laid the Foundation for future generations. Researchmethods and research direction of this period Doctors on Zhongjing’spleen and stomach academic thought is worth learning, to provideus with the study of zhongjing’s academic approaches.
张仲景《伤寒论》虽为外感立法，然其中蕴含了仲景重视脾胃之思想，这一思想对后世医家产生了深远影响，在对仲景脾胃学术思想揭示、继承、发展过程中，脾胃学说逐渐形成，成为中医学术体系中重要的组成部分。近代学者对《伤寒论》中脾胃学术思想进行了多方面的研究，但据目前研究情况来看，尚欠缺对《伤寒论》全篇有关脾胃学术思想文献的系统整理，难窥《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想之全貌；同时也欠缺对仲景《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想对后世脾胃学说形成发展影响之研究，难窥学术发展之历程，不利于后世学习借鉴前人之经验。
本课题研究旨在补充上述研究之不足，通过整理仲景《伤寒论》中有关脾胃学术思想的文献，以期全面认识仲景脾胃学术思想；同时结合隋唐宋金元时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的继承发展进行研究，以了解仲景脾胃学术思想对后世医家的影响，从中探询继承研究仲景脾胃学术思想的研究方法和研究方向，以供今天研究仲景学术效法。
方法
本课题研究分两个部分进行，分别使用如下方法：采用传统文献分类整理研究方法对《伤寒论》中有关脾胃学术思想的文献进行系统总结归类；采用文献比较研究的方法，分析隋唐宋金元时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的继承研究方法、此期脾胃学说的形成与仲景脾胃学术思想的关联。
结果
1.通过对仲景《伤寒论》文献的研究发现：①《伤寒论》中有丰富的有关脾胃病证及与脾胃相关病证的病因病机、症状体征、预防调护、演变预后、治法方药等方面的文献。②阳道实、阴道虚、气机失调、他脏影响及脾胃导致脾胃功能受损、气机升降失常，是导致临床各种疾病发生的重要因机。③《伤寒论》中所涉及的脾胃病证广泛，对症状体征的描述详细；同时注意到了不仅脾胃本经会出现脾胃病证，他经他脏亦可以对脾胃产生影响，导致脾胃疾病的发生。④确立了脾胃病证治疗大法：阳道实寒凉以清降胃腑、阴道虚温热以升补脾阳、气机失常复其升降、他脏之病不忘脾胃，注重脾胃本脏本经之病证治疗，同时也注重脏腑之间的相互联系，对于脾胃病证及不属于脾胃但与脾胃相关的病证均从脾胃入手施治。⑤对疾病的预防调护时时顾护脾胃，注重脾胃阴津阳气物质的保护。⑥对疾病的演变预后，主要从脾胃功能进行判断，以脾胃功能的强弱断预后的好坏。仲景重视脾胃，为后世脾胃学说的形成发展奠定了理论和临床基础，值得研究继承发展。
2.通过对隋唐宋金元时期医家相关文献研究，发现此期医家对仲景学术的研究有不同的特点：
⑴伤寒学派重敷扬经旨，奠定了脾胃学说研究基石。在研究方法和揭示补充《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想方面有值得借鉴之处：①分别采用文献分类、文献注释、文献补充和文献总结等方法研究《伤寒论》有关脾胃学术思想内容，使后人能更好理解仲景之学术思想。通过医家有目的地对《伤寒论》中的文献进行分类，使读者一目了然了解仲景学术思想；通过对《伤寒论》的注释，揭示仲景学术思想，使学者对仲景学术思想有更深刻领会；通过补充仲景《伤寒论》之不足，从理论、病证到临证医案方药，深化对仲景学术的理解，更好服务于临床；通过文献总结，将《伤寒论》相关内容编成歌诀，提纲挈领，便于习诵，扩大仲景学术的影响。②从如下几个方面揭示《伤寒论》脾胃学术思想：防治疾病重视脾胃，强调了脾胃在人体中的重要地位；从经络入手分析病证，对伤寒六经从足经进行认识，使太阴、阳明归于脾胃；进行类证研究，分析异同，明确对脾胃病证的诊治；治法总结，提出阳明宜下、太阴宜温，用甘味药补、苦寒药泻；补入方药，揭示仲景脾胃诸方性质同时，补充了一些治疗脾胃病证方药。
⑵金元三派从多方发挥，促使脾胃学说形成，为后人研究继承仲景脾胃学术思想提供了研究方向，为后世脾胃学说的完善奠定理论和临床基础。金元时期河间学派、易水学派、丹溪学派医家继承了仲景重脾胃的学术思想，从不同角度补充了脾胃学说。在仲景学术的影响下，金元时期医家对脾胃学说的补充主要表现在如下几个方面：①从物质和功能角度论述脾胃为生命之本，认为人体阳气阴津的产生源于脾胃，脾胃是人体一身之气的来源，同时脾胃的升降功能正常是布散精微使人体脏腑功能正常，维持人体健康的基础；②从疾病发生角度论述了脾胃的重要地位，认为脾胃受损、气机升降失常不仅是外邪侵袭人体导致外感疾病的原因，也是各种内伤杂病发生的重要因素；③治疗上，有河间学派之寒凉清降、甘凉濡润以保护胃阴，有易水学派之甘温升提、健脾益气以资助脾阳，而丹溪学派将两派观念合而为一，用于内伤杂病的治疗中。
结论
1.仲景《伤寒论》中有丰富的脾胃学术方面文献，内容涉及病因病机、症状体征、预防调护、演变预后、治法方药等方面，为后世脾胃学说的形成发展奠定了理论和临床基础，值得我们进行系统的探讨和研究；
2、仲景《伤寒论》对隋唐宋金元时期医家深有影响，此期医家对仲景《伤寒论》中的脾胃学术思想进行了揭示，并在仲景脾胃学术思想启示下从不同角度进行发挥补充，形成了具有中医特色的脾胃学说体系，为后世脾胃学说的完善奠定了基础。这一时期医家对仲景脾胃学术思想的研究方法和研究方向值得后世学习效法，为我们提供了学习研究仲景学术的门径。
Object:
Zhang Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases on exogenouslegislation, which contains the thought of Zhang Zhongjingattention to spleen and stomach, that idea had a profound impacton the later physicians, revealed in spleen and stomach academicthought on Zhang Zhongjing, inheritance, development process,spleen-stomach theory evolve, become an important part of academicsystem of traditional Chinese medicine. Modern scholars on thespleen and stomach academic thought of Treatise on Febrile Diseaseshas multifaceted of research. But according to the present researchsituation, the lack of the system arrangement of all documents isdifficult to comprehensive understand the spleen and stomachacademic thought of Treatise on Febrile Diseases. At the same timethe lack of influence research of the spleen and stomach academicthought of Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases to the formationand development of the later spleen and stomach theory, difficultglimpse into academic development of course, is not conducive to later generations to learn from the experience of predecessors.
This research aims to supplement the above the shortage ofresearch, through the finishing the spleen and stomach academicthought of Zhongjing Treatise on Febrile Diseases of literature,in order to open a comprehensive understanding of Zhongjing spleenand stomach academic thought of.In combination with inheritance anddevelopment of Zhongjing spleen and stomach academic thought duringthe Sui, Tang, Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, in order to understandthe necessary of Zhongjing spleen and stomach academic thought forlater generations, and the influence of the spleen and stomach toinquire inheritance Zhongjing academic thought research methodsand research direction for research in Zhongjing academic today.
Methods:
This research is divided into two parts, respectively using thefollowing methods: by traditional literature classificationfinishing research method on the Treatise on Febrile Diseases aboutspleen and stomach academic thought of literature for systemsummary classified; by literature comparison research of method,analysis Sui Tang song Jin and Yuan dynasties period medical homeon Zhang Zhongjing's spleen and stomach academic thought ofinherited research method, and this period spleen and stomachdoctrine of formed and Zhang Zhongjing's spleen and stomachacademic thought of associated.
Result:
1. Through the study of zhong-jing's Treatise on Febrile Diseasesliterature we found that:(1) Treatise on Febrile Diseases containsrich of the spleen and stomach diseases and spleen and stomach-related diseases pathogenesis of syndrome, symptoms andsigns of evolution, nursing prevention, prognosis, treatment,therapy, prescription, and other aspects of literature.(2) YangDaoshi, Yin Daoxv, disorder of qi activity, other Zang effectspleen and stomach, result in impaired function of spleen andstomach, qi activity lift wrong, which lead to various clinicaldiseases.(3) The spleen and stomach diseases are extensive whichinvolved in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which are detaileddescriptions of symptoms and signs; Noting the emergence not onlyof spleen and stomach by the spleen-jing, other Zang and other Jingmay also have an impact on the spleen and stomach, resulting in theoccurrence of diseases of spleen and stomach.(4) Established thespleen and stomach disease treatment solution: using cold herbs todrop Fushi that in spleen to Yang Daoshi, and using warm herbs torose fill spleen Yang to Ying Daoxv, and restoring Qi’s rise andfall after Qi activity disorder, never forgeting spleen and stomachwhen other Zang is ill. Treatise on Febrile Diseases focused onspleen and stomach diseases treatment, while also focused on theconnection between zang-fu organs. Zhongjing treatment diseases ofthe spleen and stomach and related to the spleen and stomach fromthe perspective of the spleen and stomach (5) To prevent regulatingalways regard protecting spleen and stomach, pay attention toprotect the Yin Jin and Yang Qi substance of spleen and stomach.(6) For the evolution of disease prognosis, mainly from the spleenand stomach function, by the strength of the spleen and stomachfunction and prognosis. Zhongjing attaches great importance to thespleen and stomach, spleen and stomach theory after the formation of development laid a solid theoretical and clinical basis, worthstudying inheritance development.
2. By doctors in the Sui, Tang, song, Jin and Yuan dynastiesliterature studies we found that doctors academic studies on ZhangZhongjing in this period have different characteristics:
⑴Treatise on Febrile Diseases school dressing young doctrine,laid the cornerstone study on spleen-stomach theory. In researchmethods and revealing complement the academic thought of spleen andstomach of Treatise on Febrile Diseases is instructive:①Usingliterature classification, literature annotation, literaturesupplement and literature summary study of Treatise on FebrileDiseases about the academic thought of spleen and stomach contentsso that later generations to better understand how Zhong Jingzhiacademic thought. By physicians destination documentclassification in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, make the reader ata glance know zhongjing's academic thought; Through to the treatiseon febrile disease annotation, zhongjing's academic thought, makesa deep grasp of zhongjing's academic thought; By supplement theshortage of zhong-jing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases, from thetheory, disease and clinical basis, the formulas to deepen theunderstanding of zhongjing's academic, better service in the clinic;By literature summary, Treatise on Febrile Diseases related contentinto rhyme formulas, framing, facilitate learning, expandzhongjing's academic influence.②From following several aspectsrevealed the spleen and stomach academic thought of Treatise onFebrile Diseases: prevention and treatment of disease attachesgreat importance to the spleen and stomach, emphasized the spleenand stomach in the important position of human body; Analysis, from the perspective of the main and collateral channels diseasesyndrome, recognize six-channel in Treatise on Febrile Diseasesfrom foot, to make Tai Yin and Yang Ming attributed to spleen andstomach; Similar symptoms study, analyze the similarities anddifferences, clear the diagnosis and treatment of spleen andstomach diseases; treatment law summary, made Yangming should bepurgation, and Tai Yin should be warm and tonic nourish, withsweet herbs building up one’s health with tonics, and bitter colddrug purgation; filled into prescription, when revealed ZhangZhongjing's spleen and stomach all prescription nature.
⑵in Jin and Yuan dynasties,there are three schools, whichprompted the formation of spleen-stomach theory. Their researchprovides research direction on inheritance of spleen and stomachby Zhang Zhongjing's academic thought for posterity. At the sametime, they lay the theory for later perfection of spleen-stomachtheory and clinical basis. Hejian school,Yishui school and Danxischool doctors during the Jin and Yuan dynasties, inherited thespleen and stomach by Zhang Zhongjing's academic thought,complements the spleen-stomach theory from a different perspective.Under the influence of Zhang Zhongjing's academic, doctors in Jinand Yuan dynasties of spleen-stomach theory adding mainlymanifested in the following aspects:①In the viewpoint of materialstudy and function study, they discussed the spleen and stomachwas the basic of human body. They considered that Yang Qi and YinJing of human body results from the spleen and stomach.The spleenand stomach is the source of Qi in the human body. At the same time,the rise and fall of spleen and stomach function is normal spreadsubtle make normal human viscera function, maintain the basis of human health;②From the aspect of disease study the important roleof spleen and stomach, spleen and stomach’s damage, and the disorderof Qi’s rise and fall not only attacks the human body which leadsto exogenous diseases, also is an important factor of variousinternal miscellaneous diseases occur;③On the treatment, Hejianschool use cold herbs to clear down, cool and moist embellish toprotect stomach Yin. Yishui school use sweet warm herbs to tonicand lift spleen Yang Qi.Danxi school units two schools theory asone, used for internal injuries in the treatment of miscellaneousdiseases.
Conclusion:
1.There is rich literature of spleen and stomach theory inZhongjing’s Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which involves theetiology and pathogenesis, symptoms and signs, prevention ofregulating, evolution of prognosis, treatment, etc. The literatureprovides a theoretical and clinical basis for the formation anddevelopment of spleen-stomach theory, deserves our systematicstudy and research;
2. Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases has influence to sui,Tang, song, Jin and Yuan dynasties doctors.Doctors in this periodrevealed the spleen and stomach academic thought of Zhongjing'sTreatise on Febrile Diseases. The enlightenment from the differentaspect play supplement, forming the system with characteristic ofTCM theory of spleen and stomach, the improvement of the spleen andstomach theory laid the Foundation for future generations. Researchmethods and research direction of this period Doctors on Zhongjing’spleen and stomach academic thought is worth learning, to provideus with the study of zhongjing’s academic approaches.
引文
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[3]严世芸主编.中医医家学说及学术思想史[M].北京：中国中医药出版社，2005.12：131-132；
[4]任应秋主编.中医各家学说[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社，1980；
[5]陈大舜主编.中医各家学说[M].湖北:湖北科学技术出版社，1989；
[6]张印生韩学杰主编.孙思邈医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2009;
[7]（宋）庞安时等撰.伤寒总病论伤寒微旨论伤寒明理续论合集[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2010;
[8]田思胜主编.朱肱庞安时医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社，2006;
[9]刘景超，李县双主编.许叔微医学全书[M].北京：中国中医药出版社，2006;
[10]丁毅，傅延龄.《普济本事方》常用药物用量特点分析[J].中医杂志，2012，53（10）:820-822；
[11]张国骏主编.成无己医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2004;
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[13]（宋）郭雍.伤寒补亡论[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2011。
[14]宋乃光主编.刘完素医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[15]徐江淮，许振国主编.张子和医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[16]郑洪新主编.张元素医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[17]张年顺主编.李东垣医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[18]盛增秀主编.王好古医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2004;
[19]许敬生主编.罗天益医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[20]田思胜主编.朱丹溪医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[21]（明）戴思恭撰左言富点注.推求师意[M].江苏:江苏科学技术出版社，1984.
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[2]梅国强主编.伤寒论讲义[M].北京：人民卫生出版社.2008;
[3]严世芸主编.中医医家学说及学术思想史[M].北京：中国中医药出版社，2005.12：131-132；
[4]任应秋主编.中医各家学说[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社，1980；
[5]陈大舜主编.中医各家学说[M].湖北:湖北科学技术出版社，1989；
[6]张印生韩学杰主编.孙思邈医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2009;
[7]（宋）庞安时等撰.伤寒总病论伤寒微旨论伤寒明理续论合集[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2010;
[8]田思胜主编.朱肱庞安时医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社，2006;
[9]刘景超，李县双主编.许叔微医学全书[M].北京：中国中医药出版社，2006;
[10]丁毅，傅延龄.《普济本事方》常用药物用量特点分析[J].中医杂志，2012，53（10）:820-822；
[11]张国骏主编.成无己医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2004;
[12]汉张仲景著，晋王叔和撰次，金成无己注，明汪济川校.注解伤寒论[M].北京:人民卫生出版社，2012;
[13]（宋）郭雍.伤寒补亡论[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2011。
[14]宋乃光主编.刘完素医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[15]徐江淮，许振国主编.张子和医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[16]郑洪新主编.张元素医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[17]张年顺主编.李东垣医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[18]盛增秀主编.王好古医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2004;
[19]许敬生主编.罗天益医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[20]田思胜主编.朱丹溪医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2006;
[21]（明）戴思恭撰左言富点注.推求师意[M].江苏:江苏科学技术出版社，1984.
[1]俞慎初.中国医学简史[M].福建:福建科学技术出版社，1983；
[2]朱佑武.宋本伤寒论校注[M].湖南:湖南科学技术出版社，1982；
[3]（宋）许叔微.普济本事方[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社，1978；
[4]范永升.素问玄机原病式新解[M].浙江:浙江科学技术出版社，1984；
[5]（金）张子和.儒门事亲[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社，1959；
[6]（金）刘完素.伤寒直格伤寒标本心法类萃[M].北京:人民卫生出版社，1986；
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