用户名: 密码: 验证码:
基于VRML和JAVA的网络虚拟仿真实验设计
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
以计算机为核心的信息技术、通信技术的发展,全球的一体化和网络化正在形成,网络教育应运而生。这将彻底改变人们传统的教学观念,网络学校的学生可以分布在世界各地,教学资料可以搁在任何地方,不再有时间和空间的障碍。可以大大提高学生学习的灵活性,降低教学和学习的成本。
     目前,远程教育在国外特别是在美国得到了蓬勃发展。据美国国际数据公司(IDC)的一份最新调查报告,远程教育迅速为美国大专院校所接受,到2005年,近90%的美国高等教育机构将提供“在线学习”的机会;1994年开始建设的以中国教育科研网(CERNET)和卫星视频系统为基础的现代远程教育网络平台已初步形成。现已有100余所高校以100M以上速率接入,网络用户达到800万人。
     实验是教学活动中一个重要环节,在网络教育中,由于教学机构与学生在空间上分离,学生无法到学校实验室做具体的实验,从而成为了制约远程网络教育质量的一个重要因素。网络虚拟实验室顺时代潮流而生,它是用软件仿真来模拟已经存在和使用的设备,甚至创造出一些具有实用价值的、虚拟的逻辑仪器设备。虚拟实验室要求实验的参与者共享实验环境和实验规则,这种要求易于在WEB上实现。
     本文利用VRML(虚拟现实建模语言)的强大三维图形编辑和交互功能,实现所有电子电路元件的建模问题,特别是利用VRML的内插节点、传感器节点、事件及路由(事件的传入和传出)等功能,比较方便地实现了一般实验的演示教学。
     同时,本文比较深入地探讨了如何利用Java的强大网络编程能力及其和VRML的接口技术,来实现对VRML行为进行控制的机制,对Eventln、EventOut及Script节点等进行了剖析;另外,针对网络学习者如何参与仿真实验(交互)的要求,对EAI(外部创作接口)也作了比较详细的分析。
     最后,结合VRML、JAVA和EAI及HTML等技术,初步构建了针对网络学习者进行虚拟实验的学习环境,并对构建该环境所需要的基本文件进行了介绍。
     以上虚拟实验室的构建,对高职远程教育及职业培训特别重要,学生通过操作电脑从不同角度进入实验(或生产)现场,在这种虚拟的现场,学习者可以与实验对象进行必要的交互,完成对实验对象的连接及进行参数修改等,通过对实验对象的操作,获得与实验(生产)现场几乎相同的体验,达到在远程教育过程中,理论与实践同步的教学效果。
     本研究工作主要以电子技术实验为基础,介绍了构建一个完整的虚拟实验室的过程,随着VRML及相关技术的不断发展和完善,本研究工作将继续深入并力争取得新的进展。
The development of information and communication technology arround the core of computer, the global integration and network are forming, the network education emerges as the times require. This will change people ' s traditional ideas thoroughly,students in network school could be distributed about the world, the educational material could be put on everywhere, and have no obstacle of time and space anymore. It can boost the students learning agility and reduce the cost of education and study.
    At present, the remote education is developed vigorously in overseas especially in the USA, demonstrated by the new report of IDC, it's accepted by the American colleges rapidly, the American institution nearly 90 percent will provide "on_line learning" chances, the contemporaneity distance education network platform is formed roughly, which based on the CERNET and satellite video system builded in 1994. By the speed of 100M, more than one handred colleges are taking part in , and the users raised to 8000 thousands.
    Experiment is an important tache among the education activity, in this course, the education institutions and students are sperated in space, students can't do concrete experiment in school lab. Thus become the important element which restrict the molar of network education.
    The virtual network Lab is coming as the times require, there are the instruments which simulated by software, it can generate some valuable and virtual Logic instruments as even. It reqires the participators to share the environment and rules in virtual Lab, and be easy to realize on Web.
    In this article, we have modeled all the componments of circuit by using the VRML powerful function of three_dimension graphics edit and interaction,especially by using the VRML inside node, sensor node, event, route and so on, this is convenient for some demo of experiment education.
    At the same time, the Java mightness network programmable and the interface technology to VRML are discussed deeply, which realize the control action to VRML, by anatomy of event In, eventOut, Script and so on, in particular, according to the demand of network learning to participate the simulate experiment,the EAI is analysed in detailed as well.
    Finally, combined with the technology of VRML, Java, EAI and HTML, a virtual rough craft is shaped to network learners, the basic documents are introduced as the experiment environment needed.
    The construction of virtual Lab is very important for senior profession education and practice, students can enter the practice field any angles by operating the computer, in this field, the students can carry through the essential experiment object, it is also can realize the connection and amend the parameters, by operating the experiment object, the experiment is obtained almost near to the actual field, and gain the same effect of theory and practice in the course of the remote education.
    This topic is based on electric technology experiment mainly, a perfect course of virtual Lab is introduced, along with the development and perfect of correlation technology.the research work will be continues deeply and gained new development.
引文
[1]严子翔.VRML虚拟现实网页语言[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.8
    [2]汪兴谦.循序渐进学VPML[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.1
    [3]汪兴谦.VRML虚拟造型实战演练[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.1
    [4]牛燕明.VRML与Java编程实例讲解[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.1
    [5]孙济洲.VRML虚拟现实建模语言[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1998.10
    [6]Kvin Ingalls, Daniel Jinguji. Learn Visual J++6.0[M]. 希望创作室译.北京:北京希望电脑公司,1999.2
    [7]Ken Arnold, James Gosling. Java程序设计语言[M].杨承高等译.北京:北京大学出版社,1998.1
    [8]黄心渊.虚拟现实技术与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.7
    [9]高志清.3DS MAX4效果图及动画制作培训教程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2001.9
    [10]薛定宇,陈阳泉.基于MATLAB/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.4 381-390
    [11]程钢,王知衍.利用JAVA控制VRML对象行为的机理研究[J].系统仿真学报,2001.11:483-485
    [12]王琳,冯正进.利用VRML构造交互式虚拟现实环境[J].计算机应用,2000.8:253-254
    [13]白忠建,敬万均.VRML教学演示系统[J].计算机应用,2000.8:250-252
    [14]黄铁军,柳健.VRML的特性与发展方向[J].计算机世界,1998.12:
    [15]张杰,吴锐军.虚拟现实建模语言VRML在机构运动显示方面的应用[J].工程图学学报,2001.1:111-115
    [16]王萍,张斗.虚拟教育与VRML[J].计算机世界,1998.12
    [17]王琦,李霞.3D Studio MAX R2.0超级手册[M].北京:希望电脑公司,1998
    [18]王硕.基于虚拟现实建模语言的模拟演示系统[J].计算机系统应用,1999.3
    [19]张旆,杜可亮,刘见灼.WWW上的虚拟现实技术—VRML语言[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1998
    [20]刘向东,高丽华.网络教学浅谈[J].现代远程教育,1999.4
    [21]张杰.VRML语言在工业工程上的运用[J].计算机应用,1999.8
    [22]申瑞民,唐志良等.远程教育系统及其应用[J].微型电脑应用,1999.7
    [23]许晓非,高尚,常桂然,刘积仁.基于Web的远程教育学习环境[J].小型微型计算机系统,1999.9
    
    
    [24]李力.创建远程教育中实验教学体系的探讨[J].实验室研究与探索,1999.5:49-50
    [25]施寅.VRML2.0使用速成[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
    [26]Lee R.妙用JAVA及VRML开发三维图形[M].葛晓程译,北京.电子工业出版社,1999
    [27]Boardman T.3D Studio MAX技术精粹(第2卷:建模与材质)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999
    [28]孙志峰,胡晓峰.虚拟实景空间实时漫游怕缓存与凋度策略[J].小型微型计算机系统,2000.21
    [29]张杰.VRRML2.0交互式三维图形编程[M].广东:汕头大学出版社,1999.1-161
    [30]罗铁祥.用Java和VRML开发三维虚拟交互站点[J].中南民族学院学报,2001.6:26-29
    [31]王河,顾君忠.Internet上协同环境的虚拟现实交互技术[J].计算机应用,1999;19
    [32]黄铁军,彭复员.VRML的核心概念和体系结构[N].计算机世界,1998;48
    [33]张杰.VRML交互式三维图形在模具上的应用[J].模具技术,1999.3:25-28
    [34]张宁,袁宏春.用VRML语言构造动态虚拟现实模型[J].微型机与应用,2000.1:10-11,36
    [35]冯开平,左宗义.虚拟现实建模语言(VRML)在图形教育中的应用[J].电化教育研究,2000.6:46-48
    [36]裴有福.Web技术大全[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998.8
    [37]纪庆革,王东木,洪炳熔.分布式虚拟环境[J].计算机工程与应用,1999.10:3-4
    [38]David Miller.Web多媒体开发指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997.8:365-385
    [39]姚顾波,车皓阳.NetWork CourseWare Authoring System Based On QTVR[J]. ICCE99
    [40]崔光佐,程旭,杨芙清.基于WWW的网上虚拟实验室设计与实现[J].计算机应用,1999.2
    [41]刘志广,吕保利,吴海霞.智能化虚拟实验室实现方法的研究[J].计算机世界,2000.6
    [42]王河,顾君忠.Internet上协同环境的虚拟现实交互技术[J].计算机应用,1999.10
    [43]胡东成,孙学伟.清华大学现代远程教育的思考与实践[J].中国远程教育,2002.1:35-37
    [44]杨帆.Web远程教育的在线交流模型及其实现[J].中国远程教育,2002.1:55-56
    [45]李广,王继新.浅谈网络课程设计与学习策略引导[J].中国远程教育,2002.6:42-43
    [46]高鸿峰.Internet上的3D Web技术——VRML[J].贵州大学学报,1999.2:45-50
    [47]龚少华,沈为群,宋子善.基于PC机的实时视景仿真系统的研究与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2002.4:118-121
    [48]彭晖,李仁发,李方敏,常乐.基于VP的虚拟实验室原型设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2002.2:244-246
    
    
    [49]杜湘瑜,黄柯棣,段红.一种基于VRML-Java的分布式虚拟环境模型及其实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2002.1:133-134,173
    [50]吕慧强,李益明,杨洁,周坚忠.基于VRML的虚拟现实设计的基本原理[J].浙江工业大学学报,2001.12:337-340
    [51]Jed Hartman, Josie Wernecke. The VRML2.0 Handbook-Building Moving Worlds on the Web[M].Silicon Graphics, Inc. 1996
    [52]Ed Tittel,Charlie Scott, Paul Wolfe. Building VRML Worlds[M].McGraw-Hill, 1997
    [53]Chris Marrin, Bruce Campbell. Teach Yourself VRML 2 in 21 Days[M].1997
    [54]Andrea L. Ames David R. Nadeau Hohn L.Moreland. VRML2.0 Sourcebook[M]. 1997
    [55]John Zakour, Jeff Foust, David Kerven. HTML开发人员指南[M].1998
    [56]Mathew Strebe. MSCE: Microsoft Internet Information Server学习指南[M].1998
    [57]David R, Nadeau. Building Virtual Worlds with VRML[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Application, 1999:March/April:18
    [58]George S. Carson, Richard F. Puk, Rikk Carey. Developing the VRML97 International Standard[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Aplication, 1999;March/April:52
    [59]Moore, Kate;Dykes, Jason;Wood, Jo. Using Java to interact with georeferenced VRML within a virtual field course[J].Computers & Geoscences, 1999,25(10):1125-1136
    [60]Andrea L A, David R N, John L. The VRML2.0 SourceBook[M].Moreland JamsaPress, 1995.524-540
    [61]Kris J, Phil S, Nelson Y. VRML Programmer' Library[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2000.27-76
    [62]The VRML Consortium Incorporated. The Virtual Reality Modeling Language International Standard[S].1997
    [63]Cornelie Leopold, Luc Muller. Development of Spatital Visualization Skills by Weans Of VRML-Tools[N].PROCEEDINGS of the 8th ICECGDG Conference, Austin, Texas, USA, 1998.8
    [64]Don Brutzman. The Virtual Reality Modeling Language and Java[J].Communications of the ACM, 1998.6:57-64
    [65]Jamie Jaworki. JAVA开发指南[M].曹康等译,北京:中国水利水电出版社,1997
    [66]Mark Bow. WWW Plug0-Ins技术开发指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997.6:173-211
    [67]Robert Mullen. HTML4开发人员参考手册[N].王建华译,北京:机械工业出版社,1998.5
    
    
    [68]MSDN Library [Z]. July 2000, Microsoft Crop, 2000
    [69]VRML97 Standard International Standard ISO/IEC 14772-1: 1997[S]. Copyright 1997 The VRML Consortium Incaporated.
    [70]Rodger Lea, Kouichi Matsuda, Ken Miyashita. Java for 3D and VRML Worlds[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社,1999
    [71]David R. Nadeau. Building Virtual World with VRML[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, March/April, 1999
    [72]Jed Hartman, Josie Werneck. The VRML2.0 Handbook-Building Moving Worlds on the Web[J]. Silicon Graphics, Inc., 1996
    [73]余胜泉,车皓阳.VR Technology Based on Static Graphics and Its Application in Education[J]. ED-MEDIA99
    [74]Beck Zaratian. Microsoft Visual J++6.0 Programmer's Guide[M].希望图书译,北京:北京希望电子出版社,1999.3
    [75]俞方桦.VRML 优化技术[J].计算机应用研究,1999.4:69-71
    [76]SUN公司的JAVA站点,http://java. sun. com
    [77]微软公司的Active VRML, http://www. microsoft. com
    [78]VRML资源库,http://www.sdsc. edu
    [79]VRML2.0国标标准,http://www. vrml. org/specifications/vrm197
    [80]黄铁军,柳建.VRML国际标准与应用指南[M].电子工业出版社,1999
    [81]Rodger Lea. VRML and JAVA. http://www. vrmlsite. com
    [82]vrm12.0空间,http://cosmo. sgi. com
    [83]Web3D标准化组织,http://www.web3d.org
    [84]VRML技术、开发、应用,http://www. your3d. com
    [85]vrml浏览器插件下载,http://hotspace.myetand.com
    [86]高利明.对网络教育的一些体验与思考[J].中国远程教育,2002.1:41-44
    [87]互联网实验室.中国互联网教育科研资源研究报告[Z],2001

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700