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抗癌消水膏治疗恶性胸水与促进胸膜纤维化作用的研究
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摘要
【目的】抗癌消水膏是中医外治法在治疗恶性胸水的运用。研究已证实具有人体透皮性,可以提高患者细胞免疫功能,抑制胸水癌细胞增殖。本课题通过临床研究观察中药抗癌消水膏外用对恶性胸水的治疗作用,以及胸水疗效和胸膜粘连的相关性。并初步探讨抗癌消水膏促进胸膜纤维化的作用机理。
     【方法】采用前瞻性、非盲、随机、平行对照的临床试验方法。以43例晚期肺癌、乳腺癌合并恶性胸水者(体力状况PS评分>2级)为研究对象,随机分为抗癌消水膏治疗组(中药组)22例,白介素2(IL-2)胸腔内灌注组(对照组)21例,观察胸水近期疗效、胸膜粘连程度、临床症状改善情况、生活质量和药物安全性评价,并采用放射免疫法(RIA)检测治疗前后患者胸水Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)水平。
     实验研究以胸腔接种Walker256瘤株的Wister大鼠模型为研究对象,分别以药物基质成分、IL-2胸腔灌注为对照组,观察模型大鼠的胸水量、胸膜组织学改变,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测胸水及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BLAF)中的单核细胞趋化因子1(MCP-1)水平。
     【结果】临床试验显示中药组、对照组胸水有效率为63.64%、57.14%,两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗第2周、第4周、治疗后1个月中药组患者胸膜粘连发生率和对照组比较均有显著性差异(p<0.05);胸膜粘连阳性患者的胸水有效率为84.62%,明显高于胸膜粘连阴性患者(50%);中药组临床症状改善疗效优于对照组(u值为2.14),尤其疼痛、气急和少尿症状改善率与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.01);中药组在生活质量改善方面优于对照组(u值为2.08);中药组不良反应发生率低,安全性Ⅱ级;中药组、对照组治疗后1个月胸水PCⅢ水平分别为(818.28±60.55)μg/ml、(443.93±277.20)μg/ml,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
     实验研究中药组大鼠胸膜组织学检查显示胸膜纤维化程度高,胸水MCP-1高表达,与基质组和IL-2组比较均差异显著(均P<0.05),但BALF中MCP-1表达三组无差异。
     【结论】抗癌消水膏外敷具有治疗恶性胸水的功效,能促进晚期肿瘤合并MPE患者胸膜粘连、胸膜纤维化,在改善患者疼痛、喘息等症状及提高生活质量方面优于白介素2胸腔内灌注,并且安全性较高。
     抗癌消水膏促进胸膜纤维化是其治疗恶性胸水的机制之一。抗癌消水膏能促进胸膜炎性因子MCP-1表达,通过刺激胸膜无菌性炎性反应造成胸膜纤维化。同时,抗癌消水膏并不能引起肺纤维化的发生。
Objective: The Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream is the use of the external treatment of Chinese drugs in curing malignant pleural effusion. Study has confirmed that the Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream can percutaneous absorption, can improve cellular immunity and inhabit the proliferation of human lung cancer cell lines in vitro. Clinical trail had observed that the Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream can promote pleura adhesion .On the foundation of the past study , this topic will observe the external treatment of the Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream in curing malignancy pleural effusion through clinical and empirical study, and find out the dependability between the curative effect of pleural fluid and pleura adhesion , then will have a further investigation about the mechanism of the Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream in improving fibrosis of pleura. Method:In clinical study, randomly separating 43 patients with PS>2 and with carcinoma of lung or breast and affiliated malignancy pleural effusion into the group of experiment (treat by the Kang'ai Xiaoshui Cream on external treating) and group of contrast (treated by IL-2 in thoracic cavity dabbing) . Observing curative effect about the pleural fluid, the pleura adhesion , the improvement of clinical symptom , the quality of life, the adverse effect and degree , and we adopted ELISA to detect the level of PCⅢ in pleural fluid before and after curing.
    In the experiment study, we adopted Wister rat which were inoculated walker-256 tumor strain in thoracic cavity dabbing as the contrast group . Observing the amount of pleural fluid and the alteration of pleura histology alter and the level of MCP-1 in pleural fluid and BLAF. Result: The effective rate of pleural fluid curing, the curing group is 63.64%, the contrast group is 57.14%, the two sets have not distinct difference (P>0.05). After one month curing, the masccline rate of pleura adhesion to the curing group is obvious than contrast group (P<0.05). The effective rate of the patients whose pleura adhesion are masccline is 84.62%. Obviously higher than the negative ones (50%) . The improvement rate of the chest complaint 、chest distress 、oliguresis is so patency than contrast group, about the improvement of quality of life, the curing group is better than the contrast group. Moreover , the incidence of adverse effect of anticancer and water-excluding paste is low , the safety is II degree, better than the contrast group: After one month curing, the level of PCIII is (818.28 ±60.55)ug/ml 、 (443.93 ±277.20)ug/ml respectively (P<0.05).
引文
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