运动对正常及肥胖大鼠心内副交感神经心率调节功能的研究
摘要
目的：本研究通过高脂高糖饮食饲养以及运动能力测试,建立不同运动强度训练的大鼠跑台运动模型,试探讨不同运动强度对正常及肥胖大鼠心内副交感神经心率调节功能的影响,为运动对自主神经功能影响提供参考。
方法：10周龄雄性SD大鼠40只,经最大速度测试之后,随机将大鼠分为三组,即：空白对照组(C组)12只、中等强度运动组(M组)14只以及大强度运动组(H组)14只；4周龄雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为两组,即普食组(C组)12只,高脂高糖饮食组(F组)78只。饲养8周后,挑选出肥胖大鼠,随机分为三组继续高脂饲养,肥胖对照组(FC组),肥胖中等强度运动组(FM组)和肥胖大强度运动组(FH组)；各组大鼠运动训练8周后,测试大鼠安静状态下心率,交感神经及副交感神经阻断后的变化心率以及大鼠右心M2受体、RGS6以及KCNJ5的表达情况。
结果：(1)8周中等强度及大强度运动训练能够显著性降低正常大鼠迷走神经心率调节功能；(2)8周中等强度运动训练显著性增加M2受体含量,但两种运动方式对RGS6和KCNJ5含量没有影响；(3)8周中等强度运动与大强度运动均能够降低M2受体、RGS6及Kir3.4mRNA的含量；(4)高脂高糖饲养8周后大鼠心率显著性低于普食组；(5)8周大强度运动能够导致肥胖大鼠心脏微细结构发生损伤；8周中等强度运动训练及大强度运动训练,不能显著性改变肥胖大鼠安静状态下的心率；(6)8周运动训练对肥胖大鼠M2受体、RGS6及KCNJ5含量没有影响;但对三者mRNA含量存在一定影响。
结论：(1)8周中等强度及大强度运动训练能够有效降低正常成年大鼠迷走神经心率调节功能；但对肥胖大鼠影响不明显,该功能的改变并不是通过心内迷走神经调节通路实现的。(2)肥胖大鼠自主神经心率调节功能由8周时迷走神经调节占主导地位逐渐过渡到交感神经调节占主导地位,这种改变可能与高脂高糖饮食干预时间长短有关,与大鼠肥胖程度有关。(3)无论正常大鼠还是肥胖大鼠的副交感神经心率调节作用经过8周的运动训练之后,均没有产生运动强度的依赖性。
Objective:To study the effects of different intensity exercise on the heart rate regulation of the parasympathetic nervous system in normal and obese rats, using the rat treadmill model, which evaluates the measurement of fitness and is induced by the high-fat and high sucrose food. The aim is to understand the effect of different intensity exercise on the autonomic nervous system.
Methods:40ten-week-old male SD rats were divided into three groups, after having the max running velocity measurement of all the rats. The groups were designated as C, M and H Groups.14rats ran at the mid-intensity as M Group;14rats ran at the high-intensity as H Group and the C Group was maintained as the control.group including12rats.90four-week-old male SD rats were divided into two groups, designated as C Group (12rats) being fed with normal food and F Group (78rats) being fed with high-fat and high sucrose food. After8weeks, the heaviest36rats were chosen from F Group as obese rats and divided into three groups after having the max running velocity measurement. The groups were designated as FC, FM and FH Groups.12rats ran at the mid-intensity as FM Group;12rats ran at the high-intensity as FH Group and the FC Group was maintained as the control group including12rats. After the next8weeks of training, the heart rate of the rats was tested at rest and15min after injecting atropine and/or propranolol; The Elisa and RT-PCR were used to detect the proteins and mRNA expressions of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.
Results:(1)The regulation of heart rate by vagal was reduced by both8weeks mid-intensity exercise and8weeks high-intensity exercise.(2)8weeks mid-intensity exercise increased the expression of M2receptor, but both mid-intensity and high-intensity exercise had no effect on the expression of RGS6and KCNJ5.(3) Both kinds of exercise reduced the mRNA expressions of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.(4) The heart rate at rest of the rats with8weeks high-fat and high sucrose food were lower than the rats with the normal food.(5)8weeks of high-intensity exercise injured the microstructure of obese rats'heart, but both kinds of exercise had no effect on the heart rate at rest.(6) Both kinds of exercise had no effect on the expression of the M2receptor, RGS6and KCNJ5in the obese rats; but affected the mRNA expression of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.
Conclusions:1)Both8weeks mid-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise can reduce the heart rate regulations of vagal, but they do not have the same effect on the obesity and the effect does not work by M2receptor, KCNJ5and RGS6;2) Obesity induced by high-fat and high-sucrose food accompanys with the change in the sympathetic-vagal balance; the main effect on the autonomic nervous system is a change from vagal to sympathetic nervous system.3)it seems the heart rate regulation of autonomic nervous system does not relate the intensity of the exercise.
方法：10周龄雄性SD大鼠40只,经最大速度测试之后,随机将大鼠分为三组,即：空白对照组(C组)12只、中等强度运动组(M组)14只以及大强度运动组(H组)14只；4周龄雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为两组,即普食组(C组)12只,高脂高糖饮食组(F组)78只。饲养8周后,挑选出肥胖大鼠,随机分为三组继续高脂饲养,肥胖对照组(FC组),肥胖中等强度运动组(FM组)和肥胖大强度运动组(FH组)；各组大鼠运动训练8周后,测试大鼠安静状态下心率,交感神经及副交感神经阻断后的变化心率以及大鼠右心M2受体、RGS6以及KCNJ5的表达情况。
结果：(1)8周中等强度及大强度运动训练能够显著性降低正常大鼠迷走神经心率调节功能；(2)8周中等强度运动训练显著性增加M2受体含量,但两种运动方式对RGS6和KCNJ5含量没有影响；(3)8周中等强度运动与大强度运动均能够降低M2受体、RGS6及Kir3.4mRNA的含量；(4)高脂高糖饲养8周后大鼠心率显著性低于普食组；(5)8周大强度运动能够导致肥胖大鼠心脏微细结构发生损伤；8周中等强度运动训练及大强度运动训练,不能显著性改变肥胖大鼠安静状态下的心率；(6)8周运动训练对肥胖大鼠M2受体、RGS6及KCNJ5含量没有影响;但对三者mRNA含量存在一定影响。
结论：(1)8周中等强度及大强度运动训练能够有效降低正常成年大鼠迷走神经心率调节功能；但对肥胖大鼠影响不明显,该功能的改变并不是通过心内迷走神经调节通路实现的。(2)肥胖大鼠自主神经心率调节功能由8周时迷走神经调节占主导地位逐渐过渡到交感神经调节占主导地位,这种改变可能与高脂高糖饮食干预时间长短有关,与大鼠肥胖程度有关。(3)无论正常大鼠还是肥胖大鼠的副交感神经心率调节作用经过8周的运动训练之后,均没有产生运动强度的依赖性。
Objective:To study the effects of different intensity exercise on the heart rate regulation of the parasympathetic nervous system in normal and obese rats, using the rat treadmill model, which evaluates the measurement of fitness and is induced by the high-fat and high sucrose food. The aim is to understand the effect of different intensity exercise on the autonomic nervous system.
Methods:40ten-week-old male SD rats were divided into three groups, after having the max running velocity measurement of all the rats. The groups were designated as C, M and H Groups.14rats ran at the mid-intensity as M Group;14rats ran at the high-intensity as H Group and the C Group was maintained as the control.group including12rats.90four-week-old male SD rats were divided into two groups, designated as C Group (12rats) being fed with normal food and F Group (78rats) being fed with high-fat and high sucrose food. After8weeks, the heaviest36rats were chosen from F Group as obese rats and divided into three groups after having the max running velocity measurement. The groups were designated as FC, FM and FH Groups.12rats ran at the mid-intensity as FM Group;12rats ran at the high-intensity as FH Group and the FC Group was maintained as the control group including12rats. After the next8weeks of training, the heart rate of the rats was tested at rest and15min after injecting atropine and/or propranolol; The Elisa and RT-PCR were used to detect the proteins and mRNA expressions of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.
Results:(1)The regulation of heart rate by vagal was reduced by both8weeks mid-intensity exercise and8weeks high-intensity exercise.(2)8weeks mid-intensity exercise increased the expression of M2receptor, but both mid-intensity and high-intensity exercise had no effect on the expression of RGS6and KCNJ5.(3) Both kinds of exercise reduced the mRNA expressions of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.(4) The heart rate at rest of the rats with8weeks high-fat and high sucrose food were lower than the rats with the normal food.(5)8weeks of high-intensity exercise injured the microstructure of obese rats'heart, but both kinds of exercise had no effect on the heart rate at rest.(6) Both kinds of exercise had no effect on the expression of the M2receptor, RGS6and KCNJ5in the obese rats; but affected the mRNA expression of M2receptor, RGS6and Kir3.4.
Conclusions:1)Both8weeks mid-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise can reduce the heart rate regulations of vagal, but they do not have the same effect on the obesity and the effect does not work by M2receptor, KCNJ5and RGS6;2) Obesity induced by high-fat and high-sucrose food accompanys with the change in the sympathetic-vagal balance; the main effect on the autonomic nervous system is a change from vagal to sympathetic nervous system.3)it seems the heart rate regulation of autonomic nervous system does not relate the intensity of the exercise.
引文
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