CPCI/VME桥接平台的实现与研究
摘要
在过去的二十年里,VME总线被广泛的应用于全球的工业、商业及军用嵌入式计算机,主要包括交通控制系统、武器控制系统、电信交换系统、数据捕获、视频成像和机器人等领域。但是随着处理器速度不断增长,对总线带宽的需求随之增长,高性能的CompactPCI总线取代VME总线的趋势日益明显。但将现有VME总线系统完全改造成CompactPCI总线,存在很高的风险。混合总线体系结构,即将CompactPCI总线和VME总线集成在同一系统中,是解决这一问题的有效方案之一。
本文的目的就是要设计并实现CompactPCI总线和VME总线的集成方案。目前利用PCI-to-VME总线桥-Universe II实现的PCI总线和VME总线的桥接平台通过了调试,并且进行了性能测试,满足混合总线的性能的需求。同时该这个桥接平台保证了不需要修改已有的板卡设计就能够同时用到CompactPCI和VME两种总线设备,能够大量的节省集成这两种总线的时间和金钱。
本文在介绍CompactPCI和VME总线的基础上,还介绍了如何用TUNDRA公司的Universe II(PCI-to-VME bridge)实现两种标准总线(CPCI总线和VME总线)之间的转换。详细介绍了该芯片的特点,应用以及整个桥接平台可能的实现方案和工作过程,同时也讨论了VxWorks下的驱动移植情况以及在调试过程中遇到的问题和解决方案。还对平台进行了性能的测试,测试得到的性能表明了用Universe II芯片开发的桥接底板的实用性。同时就总线性能测试进行了探讨,结合数字电影项目中的测试情况进行了相应的阐述。
For the past 20 years, VME bus was broadly used in the embedded computers of theindustry, commerce and military systems, particularly in the traffic controlling systems,weapon controlling system, telecommunication systems, data capturing and video imagingsystems and robots. Due to the ever increasing bandwidth requirements, the higherperformance CompactPCI (Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus has beenreceived significant interest for use in such systems. Migration to the PCI bus from the VMEbus has a number of complications associated it. The hybrid space system architectureincorporating both the VME and CompactPCI buses has been developed to solve the problem.
This thesis presents the design and the implement integration scheme for CompactPCIand VME bus. For the moment we have tested the performance of the bridge backplane usingthe PCI-to-VME bridge—Universe II. The result shows that the developed platform ispractical. Meanwhile, we guarantee that there is no need to change the boards of CompactPCIand VME. This can save much time as well as money for the integration of both buses.
First, this thesis introduced the CompactPCI and VME bus. Second, how to bridge theCompactPCI and VME buses with Universe II was introduced in detail, including thecharacteristics, applications and working principle of the Universe II and the possible schemeof the platform. Third, this thesis discussed how to port the bridge driver and deal with theproblems during debugging. The experiments show that the developed backplane with thePCI-to-VME Bridge is practical. Finally this thesis discussed the test of bus performance andalso introduced the test process in the digital cinema.
本文的目的就是要设计并实现CompactPCI总线和VME总线的集成方案。目前利用PCI-to-VME总线桥-Universe II实现的PCI总线和VME总线的桥接平台通过了调试,并且进行了性能测试,满足混合总线的性能的需求。同时该这个桥接平台保证了不需要修改已有的板卡设计就能够同时用到CompactPCI和VME两种总线设备,能够大量的节省集成这两种总线的时间和金钱。
本文在介绍CompactPCI和VME总线的基础上,还介绍了如何用TUNDRA公司的Universe II(PCI-to-VME bridge)实现两种标准总线(CPCI总线和VME总线)之间的转换。详细介绍了该芯片的特点,应用以及整个桥接平台可能的实现方案和工作过程,同时也讨论了VxWorks下的驱动移植情况以及在调试过程中遇到的问题和解决方案。还对平台进行了性能的测试,测试得到的性能表明了用Universe II芯片开发的桥接底板的实用性。同时就总线性能测试进行了探讨,结合数字电影项目中的测试情况进行了相应的阐述。
For the past 20 years, VME bus was broadly used in the embedded computers of theindustry, commerce and military systems, particularly in the traffic controlling systems,weapon controlling system, telecommunication systems, data capturing and video imagingsystems and robots. Due to the ever increasing bandwidth requirements, the higherperformance CompactPCI (Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus has beenreceived significant interest for use in such systems. Migration to the PCI bus from the VMEbus has a number of complications associated it. The hybrid space system architectureincorporating both the VME and CompactPCI buses has been developed to solve the problem.
This thesis presents the design and the implement integration scheme for CompactPCIand VME bus. For the moment we have tested the performance of the bridge backplane usingthe PCI-to-VME bridge—Universe II. The result shows that the developed platform ispractical. Meanwhile, we guarantee that there is no need to change the boards of CompactPCIand VME. This can save much time as well as money for the integration of both buses.
First, this thesis introduced the CompactPCI and VME bus. Second, how to bridge theCompactPCI and VME buses with Universe II was introduced in detail, including thecharacteristics, applications and working principle of the Universe II and the possible schemeof the platform. Third, this thesis discussed how to port the bridge driver and deal with theproblems during debugging. The experiments show that the developed backplane with thePCI-to-VME Bridge is practical. Finally this thesis discussed the test of bus performance andalso introduced the test process in the digital cinema.
引文
[1] PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.2, PCISIG, December 18, 1998
[2] CompactPCITM Specification, Revision 2.0, PICMG, June 17, 1997
[3] American National Standard for VME64, ANSI/VITA , April 10, 1995
[4] American National Standard for VME64 Extensions, ANSI/VITA, October 7, 1998
[5] Universe II? VME-to-PCI Bus Bridge User Manual, Tundra Semiconductor Corporation, 2002
[6] Universe II? Manual Addendum, Tundra Semiconductor Corporation, September, 2002
[7] VME64 Extensions for Physics and Other Applications (VME64xP), VITA , February 1, 1999
[8] Digital Cinema System Specification, Revision 1.0, Digital Cinema Initiatives, July 20, 2005
[9] For Television -Bit-Serial Digital Interface for High-Definition Television Systems, Revision of ANSI/SMPTE 292M, 1998
[10] For Television -Dual Link 292M Interface for 1920 x I080 Picture Raster, SMPTE 372M, 2002
[11] For Television, Audio and Film -Time and Control Code, Revision of SMPTE 12M, 1999
[12] Michael W. Marcellin &Ali Bilgin. JPEG2000 for Digital Cinema ,February 2, 2005
[13] JPEG 2000 IMAGE CODING SYSTEM, MARCH 2000
[14] GS1531 Designing with the HD-LINX II Dual Rate Parallel-to-Serial Converter (EB1531 rev B), Gennum, Reference Design May 2005
[15] GS1531 HD-LINX? II Multi-Rate Serializer, Gennum, July 2005
[16] GS1578A HD-LINX II Multi-Rate Dual Slew-Rate Cable Driver, Gennum, January 2006
[17] D. S. Taubman&M. W. Marcellin. JPEG2000: Image Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 2002
[18] E. Hazen. VME 9U Motherboard, January 27, 2000
[19] Matrox Helios Installation and Hardware Reference Manual,Matrox, February 15, 2005
[20] John Huggins & Michael Wyrick. Linux VME Howto, http://www.faqs.org/docs/Linux-HOWTO/VME-HOWTO.html
[21] VxWorks Programmer's Guide 5.4, Wind River System,May,1999
[22] Tornado Getting Started Guide (Windows Version) 2.0. Wind River System
[23] Tornado User's Guide (Windows Version) 2.0, Wind River System, May, 1999
[24] VxWorks5x Datasheet, http://www.windriver.com/products/vxworks5/ vxworks5x_ds.pdf
[25] Tornado II Development Platform Improving developers' time-to-productivity, Wind River System
[26] VxWorks 5.5 BSP DEVELOPER' S GUIDE,Wind River System
[27] Virtex-II Pro? Platform FPGA User Guide,Xilinx,June 30, 2003
[28] Platform Flash PROM User Guide, Xlinx, August 17, 2005
[29] Platform Flash In-System Programmable Configuration PROMS, Xilinx, December 29, 2005
[30] 彭友铭,肖子枫,郭勐,王贞松. CPCI 总线与 VME 总线桥接底板的研制,计算机工程,2007 年 1 月
[31] 李贵山,陈金鹏. PCI 局部总线及其应用,西安电子科技大学出版社,2002年 10 月
[32] 唐烁飞. 计算机组成原理,高等教育出版社,1999 年 10 月
[33] 苏弘. 一个 VME 总线接口电路,核电子学与探测技术,2002 年 10 月
[34] 谭德立,刘光明. VME 总线评述,个人电脑
[35] 任秀丽,马春熠. VxWorks 操作系统中 PCI 总线驱动程序的设计与实现沈阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2001 年 7 月
[36] 王敏,吴顺君,苏涛. 一种 VME 桥接芯片 VIC068A/VIC6,电子元器件应用,2003 年 4 月
[37] Wind River 著,王金刚, 高伟, 苏琪, 丁大尉, 姜平译. VxWorks 程序员指南. 北京:清华大学出版社. 2003 年
[38] Wind River 著,王金刚, 苏琪, 杨锡劢译. VxWorks BSP 开发人员指南, 北京:清华大学出版社,2003 年
[39] 孔祥营,柏桂枝. 嵌入式实时操作系统 VxWorks 及其开发环境 Tornado,中国电力出版社,2002 年 1 月
[40] 吕京建, 肖海桥. 嵌入式系统开发工具及 RTOS 平台,北京塔斯金软件技术有限公司(BTS),中国单片机公共实验室(BOL), http://www.bol-system.com
[41] 卞红雨,曹明明,桑恩方. VxWorks 下 PCI 总线设备驱动程序设计,声学与电子工程,2005 年
[42] 陈少军,李光. PCI 与 VME 之间的总线转换,计算机与网络, 2003 年 2月 12 日
[43] 周启平,张杨. VxWorks 下设备驱动程序及 BSP 开发指南,北京:中国电力出版社,2004 年
[44] 肖子枫. CompactPCI 和 VME 两种总线连接技术的研究[学位论文],中科院计算技术研究所,2004 年
[2] CompactPCITM Specification, Revision 2.0, PICMG, June 17, 1997
[3] American National Standard for VME64, ANSI/VITA , April 10, 1995
[4] American National Standard for VME64 Extensions, ANSI/VITA, October 7, 1998
[5] Universe II? VME-to-PCI Bus Bridge User Manual, Tundra Semiconductor Corporation, 2002
[6] Universe II? Manual Addendum, Tundra Semiconductor Corporation, September, 2002
[7] VME64 Extensions for Physics and Other Applications (VME64xP), VITA , February 1, 1999
[8] Digital Cinema System Specification, Revision 1.0, Digital Cinema Initiatives, July 20, 2005
[9] For Television -Bit-Serial Digital Interface for High-Definition Television Systems, Revision of ANSI/SMPTE 292M, 1998
[10] For Television -Dual Link 292M Interface for 1920 x I080 Picture Raster, SMPTE 372M, 2002
[11] For Television, Audio and Film -Time and Control Code, Revision of SMPTE 12M, 1999
[12] Michael W. Marcellin &Ali Bilgin. JPEG2000 for Digital Cinema ,February 2, 2005
[13] JPEG 2000 IMAGE CODING SYSTEM, MARCH 2000
[14] GS1531 Designing with the HD-LINX II Dual Rate Parallel-to-Serial Converter (EB1531 rev B), Gennum, Reference Design May 2005
[15] GS1531 HD-LINX? II Multi-Rate Serializer, Gennum, July 2005
[16] GS1578A HD-LINX II Multi-Rate Dual Slew-Rate Cable Driver, Gennum, January 2006
[17] D. S. Taubman&M. W. Marcellin. JPEG2000: Image Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 2002
[18] E. Hazen. VME 9U Motherboard, January 27, 2000
[19] Matrox Helios Installation and Hardware Reference Manual,Matrox, February 15, 2005
[20] John Huggins & Michael Wyrick. Linux VME Howto, http://www.faqs.org/docs/Linux-HOWTO/VME-HOWTO.html
[21] VxWorks Programmer's Guide 5.4, Wind River System,May,1999
[22] Tornado Getting Started Guide (Windows Version) 2.0. Wind River System
[23] Tornado User's Guide (Windows Version) 2.0, Wind River System, May, 1999
[24] VxWorks5x Datasheet, http://www.windriver.com/products/vxworks5/ vxworks5x_ds.pdf
[25] Tornado II Development Platform Improving developers' time-to-productivity, Wind River System
[26] VxWorks 5.5 BSP DEVELOPER' S GUIDE,Wind River System
[27] Virtex-II Pro? Platform FPGA User Guide,Xilinx,June 30, 2003
[28] Platform Flash PROM User Guide, Xlinx, August 17, 2005
[29] Platform Flash In-System Programmable Configuration PROMS, Xilinx, December 29, 2005
[30] 彭友铭,肖子枫,郭勐,王贞松. CPCI 总线与 VME 总线桥接底板的研制,计算机工程,2007 年 1 月
[31] 李贵山,陈金鹏. PCI 局部总线及其应用,西安电子科技大学出版社,2002年 10 月
[32] 唐烁飞. 计算机组成原理,高等教育出版社,1999 年 10 月
[33] 苏弘. 一个 VME 总线接口电路,核电子学与探测技术,2002 年 10 月
[34] 谭德立,刘光明. VME 总线评述,个人电脑
[35] 任秀丽,马春熠. VxWorks 操作系统中 PCI 总线驱动程序的设计与实现沈阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2001 年 7 月
[36] 王敏,吴顺君,苏涛. 一种 VME 桥接芯片 VIC068A/VIC6,电子元器件应用,2003 年 4 月
[37] Wind River 著,王金刚, 高伟, 苏琪, 丁大尉, 姜平译. VxWorks 程序员指南. 北京:清华大学出版社. 2003 年
[38] Wind River 著,王金刚, 苏琪, 杨锡劢译. VxWorks BSP 开发人员指南, 北京:清华大学出版社,2003 年
[39] 孔祥营,柏桂枝. 嵌入式实时操作系统 VxWorks 及其开发环境 Tornado,中国电力出版社,2002 年 1 月
[40] 吕京建, 肖海桥. 嵌入式系统开发工具及 RTOS 平台,北京塔斯金软件技术有限公司(BTS),中国单片机公共实验室(BOL), http://www.bol-system.com
[41] 卞红雨,曹明明,桑恩方. VxWorks 下 PCI 总线设备驱动程序设计,声学与电子工程,2005 年
[42] 陈少军,李光. PCI 与 VME 之间的总线转换,计算机与网络, 2003 年 2月 12 日
[43] 周启平,张杨. VxWorks 下设备驱动程序及 BSP 开发指南,北京:中国电力出版社,2004 年
[44] 肖子枫. CompactPCI 和 VME 两种总线连接技术的研究[学位论文],中科院计算技术研究所,2004 年