嵌入式CPU指令系统通用仿真研究与实现
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摘要
嵌入式系统的软件仿真可以使开发者对嵌入式系统架构的正确性及性能进行验证,从而大大降低开发成本和时间,是保证和提高嵌入式开发软件可靠性的重要手段。但目前市场上大多数的嵌入式系统软件仿真平台中对CPU指令模块的仿真都是从编译后的机器语言入手,这样就造成对嵌入式处理器生产厂家的编译器的依赖,阻碍了软件仿真的发展。为此本文提出了基于源代码分析的指令仿真技术,即对嵌入式应用软件代码的仿真采取直接从汇编源代码仿真执行入手,而不需要通过具体的机器语言,并提出用基于编译原理的“三个分析”方法来实现对源代码的功能仿真。
在目前现有的嵌入式系统软件仿真工具中,还未出现针对凌阳SPCE061A单片机的软件仿真器。另外在主流软件仿真器中,也主要是对某一款具体处理器型号的单一仿真,还未做到嵌入式系统软件仿真平台的通用。针对这种情况,本文基于凌阳SPCE061A处理器对CPU的运行原理和仿真实现方法进行了探索性的研究,目的是找出针对不同CPU结构的通用仿真方法。
本文初步实现了基于SPCE061A的通用嵌入式软件指令仿真工具USMIC,该工具主要是以基于面向对象技术的Visual C++6.0为开发工具,其功能主要实现对开发者按照汇编语法规则输入的汇编源程序进行识别、仿真执行并给出仿真结果,仿真的整个过程均在可视化窗口中实现。对USMIC工具进行的初步测试结果表明USMIC工具已基本实现对凌阳SPCE061A汇编源程序的功能性仿真。
Software simulation is used to test the validity and performance of the structure in embedded system, which greatly reduces the cost and time of development. In addition, it's an important method to guarantee and improve the reliability of embedded developing software. But at present, most of the software simulation platform for simulating CPU module in embedded system is based on the binary code after compiling, which causes the dependence to the compiler of specific microcontrollers, and hinders the development of software simulation. This thesis proposes an instruction simulation method based on the source code. In this way, the simulation of embedded application software code is directly taken from the assembly code, but not from specific machine language. This thesis also proposes the "three analysis "method based on the principle of compiling.
Among the software simulation tools in embedded system, there is still short of the sunplus SPCE061A microprocessor simulation software. And mainstream simulators are mainly used for a specific type processor, still lacking universal software simulation platform in embedded system. In view of this situation, and based on the sunplus SPCE061A microprocessor, this thesis has done a lot of work to search after the functional principle of CPU and the method of simulation ,and to find out the universal simulation method to kinds of CPUs.
This thesis has primarily realized the universal embedded software simulation tools USMIC based on SPCE061A, and it mainly uses Visual C++ 6.0 which is based on object-oriented technology as development tools. USMIC's main function is to identify the source code, execute it, and then put out the simulation results, right after the developer puts in the assembly source code in accordance with grammatical rules. The whole process of simulation can be monitored in visual window. The preliminary test of USMIC tool shows that USMIC has realized functional simulation of assembly source code of sunplus SPCE061A.
在目前现有的嵌入式系统软件仿真工具中,还未出现针对凌阳SPCE061A单片机的软件仿真器。另外在主流软件仿真器中,也主要是对某一款具体处理器型号的单一仿真,还未做到嵌入式系统软件仿真平台的通用。针对这种情况,本文基于凌阳SPCE061A处理器对CPU的运行原理和仿真实现方法进行了探索性的研究,目的是找出针对不同CPU结构的通用仿真方法。
本文初步实现了基于SPCE061A的通用嵌入式软件指令仿真工具USMIC,该工具主要是以基于面向对象技术的Visual C++6.0为开发工具,其功能主要实现对开发者按照汇编语法规则输入的汇编源程序进行识别、仿真执行并给出仿真结果,仿真的整个过程均在可视化窗口中实现。对USMIC工具进行的初步测试结果表明USMIC工具已基本实现对凌阳SPCE061A汇编源程序的功能性仿真。
Software simulation is used to test the validity and performance of the structure in embedded system, which greatly reduces the cost and time of development. In addition, it's an important method to guarantee and improve the reliability of embedded developing software. But at present, most of the software simulation platform for simulating CPU module in embedded system is based on the binary code after compiling, which causes the dependence to the compiler of specific microcontrollers, and hinders the development of software simulation. This thesis proposes an instruction simulation method based on the source code. In this way, the simulation of embedded application software code is directly taken from the assembly code, but not from specific machine language. This thesis also proposes the "three analysis "method based on the principle of compiling.
Among the software simulation tools in embedded system, there is still short of the sunplus SPCE061A microprocessor simulation software. And mainstream simulators are mainly used for a specific type processor, still lacking universal software simulation platform in embedded system. In view of this situation, and based on the sunplus SPCE061A microprocessor, this thesis has done a lot of work to search after the functional principle of CPU and the method of simulation ,and to find out the universal simulation method to kinds of CPUs.
This thesis has primarily realized the universal embedded software simulation tools USMIC based on SPCE061A, and it mainly uses Visual C++ 6.0 which is based on object-oriented technology as development tools. USMIC's main function is to identify the source code, execute it, and then put out the simulation results, right after the developer puts in the assembly source code in accordance with grammatical rules. The whole process of simulation can be monitored in visual window. The preliminary test of USMIC tool shows that USMIC has realized functional simulation of assembly source code of sunplus SPCE061A.
引文
[1]http://softtest.chinaitlab.com/kkx/749488.html.
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[3]陈光宇,黄锡滋.软件可靠性学科发展现状及展望[J].电子科技大学学报社科版,2002,4(3):99-102.
[4]纪元,白晓颖,徐睿.改进的Jelinski-Moranda软件可靠性增长模型[J].清华大学学报,2006,46(10):1759-1761,1766.
[5]黄锡滋.软件可靠性、安全性与质量保证[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[6]徐仁佐.广义软件可靠性工程学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[7]饶岚,王占林,李沛琼,姚一平.一种新的硬/软件系统可靠性分析方法[J].宇航学报,1999,20(1):57-65.
[8]蔡开元.软件可靠性工程基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
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[10]廖桂华.FreescaleS08系列MCU软件仿真器的设计开发[D].江苏:苏州大学,2007:1-20.
[11]盛信一.一个汇编模拟器的设计与实现[D].江苏:苏州大学,2007:8-44.
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[13]李伯成.嵌入式系统可靠性设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:11.
[14]胡伦骏,徐兰芳,刘建农.编译原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002:1-4
[15]严国秋.面向对象测试方法及应用研究[D].吉林:长春理工大学,2008:9-12
[16]李小立.基于VC_6_0MFC的多线程通信程序[D].西安:西北工业大学,2001:10-27
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[18]吴旭光,杨惠珍,王新民.计算机仿真技术[M].第二版.北京:化学工业出版社,2008:12-14.
[19]金方其.可重配置的时钟精确嵌入式处理器仿真平台的研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2006.
[20]罗亚非.凌阳16位单片机应用基础[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[21][美]Al Kelley,Ira Pohl.C语言教程[M].第四版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[22]张翔,裘岚,张晓芸.C语言函数大全[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[23]白乔.标准C++开发入门与编程实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007
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[26][美]高永强.全C编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[27][美]Erich Gamma,Richard Helm,Ralph.Johnson,John Vlissides.设计模式:可复用面向对象软件的基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[28][美]George Shepherd,Scot Wingo.深入解析MFC[M].北京:中国电力出版设,2003.
[29]赵明,邹传清.Visual C++实践与提高.环境剖析(IDE)篇[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2000.
[30]邵维忠,杨芙清.面向对象的系统设计[M].第二版.北京:清华大学出版社.2007.
[31]张慰兮.微型计算机(MCS-51系列)原理、接口及应用[M].南京:南京大学出版社.1999.
[32]高福成.C++程序设计教程[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2008.
[33]兰芸.Visual C++6.0编程实例精解[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2000.
[34][美]凯恩.MFC经典问答[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[35]齐志才,赵继印.MCS-51系列单片机原理及接口技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[36]段来盛.C语言编程基础与范例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[37]吕军.Visual C++与面向对象程序设计教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[38]胡元义.编译原理教程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[39]雷思孝,李伯成,雷向莉.单片机原理及实用技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[40]崔冬华,冯秀芳,范辉.编译原理简明教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[41]贾好来.MCS-51单片机原理及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[42]张慰兮.微型计算机(MCS-51系列)原理、接口及应用[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1999.
[43]王爽.汇编语言[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[44]赵定远,马洪江.16位单片机及语音嵌入式系统[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[2]James E.Strothman.The Ancient History OF system/360[EB/OL].http://www,americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/1990/3/1990_3_34.shtml
[3]陈光宇,黄锡滋.软件可靠性学科发展现状及展望[J].电子科技大学学报社科版,2002,4(3):99-102.
[4]纪元,白晓颖,徐睿.改进的Jelinski-Moranda软件可靠性增长模型[J].清华大学学报,2006,46(10):1759-1761,1766.
[5]黄锡滋.软件可靠性、安全性与质量保证[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[6]徐仁佐.广义软件可靠性工程学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[7]饶岚,王占林,李沛琼,姚一平.一种新的硬/软件系统可靠性分析方法[J].宇航学报,1999,20(1):57-65.
[8]蔡开元.软件可靠性工程基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[9]重大研究计划“可信软件基础研究”2007年度项目指南[EB/OL].http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/nsfc/fj/20070919_fj01.doc
[10]廖桂华.FreescaleS08系列MCU软件仿真器的设计开发[D].江苏:苏州大学,2007:1-20.
[11]盛信一.一个汇编模拟器的设计与实现[D].江苏:苏州大学,2007:8-44.
[12]刘洪涛,孙天泽.嵌入式系统技术与设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009:2.
[13]李伯成.嵌入式系统可靠性设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:11.
[14]胡伦骏,徐兰芳,刘建农.编译原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002:1-4
[15]严国秋.面向对象测试方法及应用研究[D].吉林:长春理工大学,2008:9-12
[16]李小立.基于VC_6_0MFC的多线程通信程序[D].西安:西北工业大学,2001:10-27
[17]康凤举,杨惠珍,高立娥.现代仿真技术与应用[M].第二版.北京:国防工业出版社,2006:12-25.
[18]吴旭光,杨惠珍,王新民.计算机仿真技术[M].第二版.北京:化学工业出版社,2008:12-14.
[19]金方其.可重配置的时钟精确嵌入式处理器仿真平台的研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2006.
[20]罗亚非.凌阳16位单片机应用基础[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[21][美]Al Kelley,Ira Pohl.C语言教程[M].第四版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[22]张翔,裘岚,张晓芸.C语言函数大全[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[23]白乔.标准C++开发入门与编程实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[24]曾凡锋,苗雨.MFC编程技巧与范例详解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008.
[25]官章全,韩云君,李罡.Visual C++6.0高级编程范例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2000.
[26][美]高永强.全C编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[27][美]Erich Gamma,Richard Helm,Ralph.Johnson,John Vlissides.设计模式:可复用面向对象软件的基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[28][美]George Shepherd,Scot Wingo.深入解析MFC[M].北京:中国电力出版设,2003.
[29]赵明,邹传清.Visual C++实践与提高.环境剖析(IDE)篇[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2000.
[30]邵维忠,杨芙清.面向对象的系统设计[M].第二版.北京:清华大学出版社.2007.
[31]张慰兮.微型计算机(MCS-51系列)原理、接口及应用[M].南京:南京大学出版社.1999.
[32]高福成.C++程序设计教程[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2008.
[33]兰芸.Visual C++6.0编程实例精解[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2000.
[34][美]凯恩.MFC经典问答[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[35]齐志才,赵继印.MCS-51系列单片机原理及接口技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[36]段来盛.C语言编程基础与范例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[37]吕军.Visual C++与面向对象程序设计教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[38]胡元义.编译原理教程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[39]雷思孝,李伯成,雷向莉.单片机原理及实用技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[40]崔冬华,冯秀芳,范辉.编译原理简明教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[41]贾好来.MCS-51单片机原理及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[42]张慰兮.微型计算机(MCS-51系列)原理、接口及应用[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1999.
[43]王爽.汇编语言[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[44]赵定远,马洪江.16位单片机及语音嵌入式系统[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.