滚轧轮设计系统的研究与开发
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摘要
渐开线花键、齿轮的冷挤压技术是一种少无切屑、高效率、高质量的加工技术,与传统的花键、齿轮加工技术相比它不仅加工效率高,而且能改善加工表面的金属组织,使其表面质量得到很大地提高,产品寿命也大大延长。现有滚轧轮的设计都需要通过多次试滚来修正滚轧轮的设计参数,造成研制成本的提高并延误生产周期。因而,研究滚轧轮参数化设计,对冷滚轧技术的普遍推广具有重要现实意义和应用价值。
本文根据金属塑性加工原理和齿轮啮合原理,对渐开线花键冷滚轧工艺过程行了分析,推导出滚轧轮设计参数的算法及相关的工艺参数算法。在此基础上,以SolidWorks为开发平台,Visual Basic为编程工具,开发出滚轧轮设计专家系统。系统采用参数化设计和特征建模技术实现了三维造型及图纸的绘制智能化。
本文研究了渐开线齿廓在SolidWorks中的精确造型,可根据要求达到计算允许的任意齿廓造型精度。采用粗建模与程序精确建模相结合的造型方法,减少了大量的程序建模运算,加快了造型速度。系统允许设计者根据实验或经验数据对零件工艺参数及滚轧轮参数进行调整,直至达到产品要求的零件参数,具有良好的交互性。从而在实际生产中减少了生产准备时间及材料和人工的浪费,实现了滚轧轮设计的准确化、快速化。
本文实现了滚轧轮设计工作的可视化、自动化。系统提高了设计、造型的效率和准确性。实现了设计计算、数据修正、三维造型与绘制图纸的无缝结合,同时也为类似产品的设计提供了有益参考及复杂零件的参数化设计提供了基本支撑。
本文通过对三维CAD的二次开发技术的研究,提高了CAD技术在产品设计中的应用水平。并着重分析了SolidWorks二次开发的开发方式和一般步骤,探讨了产品设计专用系统中的数据管理技术,以SolidWorks插件方式开发了依托于SolidWorks平台的实用系统,并给出了系统运行实例。
Involute Spline gear cold extrusion technology is a processing technology with little scrap, high efficiency, high quality. Compared with traditional spline and gear processing technology, it not only has high efficiency, but also can improve the structure of metal's surface, so as to improve the quality of metal's surface and greatly extending productions' life. The existing design of Rollers needs multiple rolling round test to amend the design parameters, which resulting in the increasing of development costs and extending products life-span. Thus, the research of parametric design of rolling round has important practical significance and value to the cold rolling technology.
According to theorys of metal processing and gear meshing, this thesis analyzes the Involute Spline cold rolling process. The algorithms of Rrolling round design parameters and related technical parameters were deduced. On this basis, on the platform of the SolidWorks and using the Visual Basic as programming tool, the expertise system of the design of Rrolling round design was developed. The system realized the Involute Gear and 3D modeling drawings through parametric design and feature-based modeling technology.
The accurate modeling in SolidWorks was researched, and any accurate of gear profile modeling can be got which can be calculated in accordance with requirements. Combined wiht coarse Modeling and precision modeling method of program, the computing of process modeling was decreased and the speed of modeling was accelerated. System allows designers to adjust the process and Roller's parameters based on the experience or experimental data, until the requirements of the components of products were reached, it is interactive well. Thereby, it reduced actual production preparation time and the waste of materials and realized the accurately and rapidly design of rolling wheel.
The rolling visualization and automation design of wheel is realized. The efficiency and accuracy of modeling is improved through the system with a good interactive. The seamless integration of design, data amendments, three-dimensional modeling and rendering drawings is realized, at the same time, it provides a useful reference for the designing of similar products and supports the parametric design of complex parts.
Based on the research of secondary development of 3D CAD technology, the application level of CAD technology in product design is improved. This thesis focus on the research of SolidWorks and it's secondary development approach, the data management technology in the general steps of the product design system was discussed, a practical system was developed in the SolidWorks platform based on SolidWorks plug-ins, and the system's example was presented.
本文根据金属塑性加工原理和齿轮啮合原理,对渐开线花键冷滚轧工艺过程行了分析,推导出滚轧轮设计参数的算法及相关的工艺参数算法。在此基础上,以SolidWorks为开发平台,Visual Basic为编程工具,开发出滚轧轮设计专家系统。系统采用参数化设计和特征建模技术实现了三维造型及图纸的绘制智能化。
本文研究了渐开线齿廓在SolidWorks中的精确造型,可根据要求达到计算允许的任意齿廓造型精度。采用粗建模与程序精确建模相结合的造型方法,减少了大量的程序建模运算,加快了造型速度。系统允许设计者根据实验或经验数据对零件工艺参数及滚轧轮参数进行调整,直至达到产品要求的零件参数,具有良好的交互性。从而在实际生产中减少了生产准备时间及材料和人工的浪费,实现了滚轧轮设计的准确化、快速化。
本文实现了滚轧轮设计工作的可视化、自动化。系统提高了设计、造型的效率和准确性。实现了设计计算、数据修正、三维造型与绘制图纸的无缝结合,同时也为类似产品的设计提供了有益参考及复杂零件的参数化设计提供了基本支撑。
本文通过对三维CAD的二次开发技术的研究,提高了CAD技术在产品设计中的应用水平。并着重分析了SolidWorks二次开发的开发方式和一般步骤,探讨了产品设计专用系统中的数据管理技术,以SolidWorks插件方式开发了依托于SolidWorks平台的实用系统,并给出了系统运行实例。
Involute Spline gear cold extrusion technology is a processing technology with little scrap, high efficiency, high quality. Compared with traditional spline and gear processing technology, it not only has high efficiency, but also can improve the structure of metal's surface, so as to improve the quality of metal's surface and greatly extending productions' life. The existing design of Rollers needs multiple rolling round test to amend the design parameters, which resulting in the increasing of development costs and extending products life-span. Thus, the research of parametric design of rolling round has important practical significance and value to the cold rolling technology.
According to theorys of metal processing and gear meshing, this thesis analyzes the Involute Spline cold rolling process. The algorithms of Rrolling round design parameters and related technical parameters were deduced. On this basis, on the platform of the SolidWorks and using the Visual Basic as programming tool, the expertise system of the design of Rrolling round design was developed. The system realized the Involute Gear and 3D modeling drawings through parametric design and feature-based modeling technology.
The accurate modeling in SolidWorks was researched, and any accurate of gear profile modeling can be got which can be calculated in accordance with requirements. Combined wiht coarse Modeling and precision modeling method of program, the computing of process modeling was decreased and the speed of modeling was accelerated. System allows designers to adjust the process and Roller's parameters based on the experience or experimental data, until the requirements of the components of products were reached, it is interactive well. Thereby, it reduced actual production preparation time and the waste of materials and realized the accurately and rapidly design of rolling wheel.
The rolling visualization and automation design of wheel is realized. The efficiency and accuracy of modeling is improved through the system with a good interactive. The seamless integration of design, data amendments, three-dimensional modeling and rendering drawings is realized, at the same time, it provides a useful reference for the designing of similar products and supports the parametric design of complex parts.
Based on the research of secondary development of 3D CAD technology, the application level of CAD technology in product design is improved. This thesis focus on the research of SolidWorks and it's secondary development approach, the data management technology in the general steps of the product design system was discussed, a practical system was developed in the SolidWorks platform based on SolidWorks plug-ins, and the system's example was presented.
引文
[1]邱宣怀.机械设计.第三版.北京高等教育出版社,1989:105-105
[2]成海宝.精密冷滚轧工艺及设备研究.[燕山大学工学硕十论文],1996:2-8
[3]朱镇午.齿轮的少无切屑加工.北京:机械工业出版社,1975 10-11
[4]孙士宝.渐开线花键轴冷搓工艺的研究.[燕山大学工学硕十论文]1993:25-50
[5]Robert.I.Miller Toothed Forming Tool United States Patent 3857273.1973
[6]林晓磊,贺云花,石磊.用冷滚轧方法加工小模数花键.机械工程师,2004/07
[7]于荣贵.渐开线螺旋花键轴的设计及冷滚轧技术.汽车电器,2005/05
[8]黄朝晖.花键轴开模冷挤压可成形性的理论及实用化工艺研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学材料工程学院,1998.3-8
[9]Dale.J.Garden.Method Of Conditioning The Surface Of A Spline Forming Rack United States.Patent 5509287,1996
[10]James.T.Killop.Rack Assembly For Forming Splines In Thin-Wall Member United States.Patent 4852375,1989
[11]Donald.E.Slue.Tooth Forming Rack With Replaceable Inserts United States.Patent 4028921,1977
[12]丁毓峰,盛步云,张进军.用VisualC++6.0开发SolidWorks三维标准件库[J].计算机工程,2000,26(7):52-54
[13]王祖唐,关廷栋.金属塑性成形理论.北京:机械工业山版社,1989:201-203
[14]葛便京,杨有亮,冯春英等.渐开线花键轴冷滚轧的设计.工具技术,1998,32
[15]何枫.小模数渐开线花键滚轧轮的设计.
[16]王少锋.面向对象技术.UML教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004,1-20
[17]乔忠良.一种基于对象特征的CAD二次开发方法[J].山西煤炭,2000,20(2):47
[18]何煜琛,陈涉,陆剑锋.SolidWorks 2005中文版基础及应用教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.1-60,256-284,530-540
[19]江洪.李仲兴.邢启恩,SotidWorks2003.二次开发基础与实例教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003,1-25
[20]程磊,杨永顺.基于DLL的SolidWorks二次开发[J].现代制造工程[J],2004,38-40
[21]田启华,马可,赵卫.基于Visual C++的SolidWorks二次开发技术[J].现代机械,2005,52-54
[22]陈家平等.现代企业与CAD/CAM技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1996,8(4)
[23]朱志成.现代国际工业产品设计现状及发展[M].计算机辅助设计与制造,1996.
[24]万耀青等.机电工程现代设计方法[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1994
[25]鹿士杰,袁泽虎,王娟.面向对象的技术在CAD二次开发中应用[J].湖北工学院学报,2002,17(2):38-39
[26]刘敏珊,刘启玉等.软件组件技术及其在换热设备CAD中的应用[J].微型机与应用,2002,(5):10-12
[27]Nami Kin,etal.Geometrical Constraint Solving Based on the Extended Boltzmann Machine[J],Computers on Industry,1992,19:239-250
[28]Suzuki H.,Kimura F..A Geometric Reasoning System for Mechanical Product Design[J].Computer Applications in Production and Engineering
[29]R.A.Light.Variational Geometry:Modification of Part Geometry by Changing Dimensional Values[J].Proceedings of Conference on CAD/CAM Technology in Mechanical Engineering,1982
[30]Glenn,A.Kramer.A Geometric Constraint Engine[J].Artificial Intelligence 1992 58:327-364
[31]Baurmagart B.G.Geometric Modeling for Computer Vision[D].Stanford University,1974
[32]Andersson,K.A Design Language Based on Engineering Terminology[D].Stockholm:Royal Institute of Technology,1993
[33]戴春来.参数化设计理论的研究[D].南京航空航天大学,2002
[34]张国伟等.面向对象的参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].全国第四届CAD/CAM学术报告会,1996
[35]罗浩等.基于约束的参数化设计技术发展现状及前景[J].中国机械工程,1995 6(5)
[36]罗会信,姜素丽.三维CAD的特征建模[J].湖北工学院学报,2002 17(2)
[37]刘洵,于淑政,张伟杰.机械零件特征建模技术的研究[J].煤矿机械2003-6:(28-30)
[38]胡海涛.特征建模技术在产品设计中的应用[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2001-6(6):72-75
[39]吴涛,汤双清,陈卓林,宾鸿赞.面向自顶向下设计的三维特征建模技术研究[J].华中科技大学学报,2003-31(8):1-3
[40]鲁聪达,朱永强.基于Pro/E特征建模研究与实现[J].机床与液压,2004
[41]秦洁,唐玉.面向对象的特征建模系统的实现[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,200322(3):348-350
[42]薛定宇,陈阳泉.高等应用数学问题的.MATLAB求解[M].北京:清华大学出版社2004,260-261
[43]江洪,魏峥.SolidWorks二次开发实例解析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:1-27
[44]史斌星,史佳.Visual Basic贯通教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[45]李明宇.零部件系列化设计技术研究与系统开发[D].合肥:国防科技大学,2003
[2]成海宝.精密冷滚轧工艺及设备研究.[燕山大学工学硕十论文],1996:2-8
[3]朱镇午.齿轮的少无切屑加工.北京:机械工业出版社,1975 10-11
[4]孙士宝.渐开线花键轴冷搓工艺的研究.[燕山大学工学硕十论文]1993:25-50
[5]Robert.I.Miller Toothed Forming Tool United States Patent 3857273.1973
[6]林晓磊,贺云花,石磊.用冷滚轧方法加工小模数花键.机械工程师,2004/07
[7]于荣贵.渐开线螺旋花键轴的设计及冷滚轧技术.汽车电器,2005/05
[8]黄朝晖.花键轴开模冷挤压可成形性的理论及实用化工艺研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学材料工程学院,1998.3-8
[9]Dale.J.Garden.Method Of Conditioning The Surface Of A Spline Forming Rack United States.Patent 5509287,1996
[10]James.T.Killop.Rack Assembly For Forming Splines In Thin-Wall Member United States.Patent 4852375,1989
[11]Donald.E.Slue.Tooth Forming Rack With Replaceable Inserts United States.Patent 4028921,1977
[12]丁毓峰,盛步云,张进军.用VisualC++6.0开发SolidWorks三维标准件库[J].计算机工程,2000,26(7):52-54
[13]王祖唐,关廷栋.金属塑性成形理论.北京:机械工业山版社,1989:201-203
[14]葛便京,杨有亮,冯春英等.渐开线花键轴冷滚轧的设计.工具技术,1998,32
[15]何枫.小模数渐开线花键滚轧轮的设计.
[16]王少锋.面向对象技术.UML教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004,1-20
[17]乔忠良.一种基于对象特征的CAD二次开发方法[J].山西煤炭,2000,20(2):47
[18]何煜琛,陈涉,陆剑锋.SolidWorks 2005中文版基础及应用教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.1-60,256-284,530-540
[19]江洪.李仲兴.邢启恩,SotidWorks2003.二次开发基础与实例教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003,1-25
[20]程磊,杨永顺.基于DLL的SolidWorks二次开发[J].现代制造工程[J],2004,38-40
[21]田启华,马可,赵卫.基于Visual C++的SolidWorks二次开发技术[J].现代机械,2005,52-54
[22]陈家平等.现代企业与CAD/CAM技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1996,8(4)
[23]朱志成.现代国际工业产品设计现状及发展[M].计算机辅助设计与制造,1996.
[24]万耀青等.机电工程现代设计方法[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1994
[25]鹿士杰,袁泽虎,王娟.面向对象的技术在CAD二次开发中应用[J].湖北工学院学报,2002,17(2):38-39
[26]刘敏珊,刘启玉等.软件组件技术及其在换热设备CAD中的应用[J].微型机与应用,2002,(5):10-12
[27]Nami Kin,etal.Geometrical Constraint Solving Based on the Extended Boltzmann Machine[J],Computers on Industry,1992,19:239-250
[28]Suzuki H.,Kimura F..A Geometric Reasoning System for Mechanical Product Design[J].Computer Applications in Production and Engineering
[29]R.A.Light.Variational Geometry:Modification of Part Geometry by Changing Dimensional Values[J].Proceedings of Conference on CAD/CAM Technology in Mechanical Engineering,1982
[30]Glenn,A.Kramer.A Geometric Constraint Engine[J].Artificial Intelligence 1992 58:327-364
[31]Baurmagart B.G.Geometric Modeling for Computer Vision[D].Stanford University,1974
[32]Andersson,K.A Design Language Based on Engineering Terminology[D].Stockholm:Royal Institute of Technology,1993
[33]戴春来.参数化设计理论的研究[D].南京航空航天大学,2002
[34]张国伟等.面向对象的参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].全国第四届CAD/CAM学术报告会,1996
[35]罗浩等.基于约束的参数化设计技术发展现状及前景[J].中国机械工程,1995 6(5)
[36]罗会信,姜素丽.三维CAD的特征建模[J].湖北工学院学报,2002 17(2)
[37]刘洵,于淑政,张伟杰.机械零件特征建模技术的研究[J].煤矿机械2003-6:(28-30)
[38]胡海涛.特征建模技术在产品设计中的应用[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2001-6(6):72-75
[39]吴涛,汤双清,陈卓林,宾鸿赞.面向自顶向下设计的三维特征建模技术研究[J].华中科技大学学报,2003-31(8):1-3
[40]鲁聪达,朱永强.基于Pro/E特征建模研究与实现[J].机床与液压,2004
[41]秦洁,唐玉.面向对象的特征建模系统的实现[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,200322(3):348-350
[42]薛定宇,陈阳泉.高等应用数学问题的.MATLAB求解[M].北京:清华大学出版社2004,260-261
[43]江洪,魏峥.SolidWorks二次开发实例解析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:1-27
[44]史斌星,史佳.Visual Basic贯通教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[45]李明宇.零部件系列化设计技术研究与系统开发[D].合肥:国防科技大学,2003