面向ERP的企业建模及其与UML模型的转换
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摘要
本文研究了面向互操作的企业建模方法以及基于XMI的模型转换。首先,在总结大量企业建模实践和前人经验的基础上提出了一种面向ERP全生命周期的企业建模方法——ICEM(Interoperable and Configurable Enterprise Models)图形化建模。阐述了ICEM各个模型的构成要素及其语义、图形化表示以及严格的形式化表示形式。这种建模方法的提出深化了企业建模的主要目的,使企业模型的作用从认识企业扩展为支持建立企业ERP管理系统。其次,本文还研究了基于XMI的ICEM模型与UML模型之间的映射方法,给出了UML模型以及模型映射规则的形式化定义,提出了基于XML的映射规则表达方式并且实现了模型的自动转换,该方法是一种有效的基于MDA架构的实现技术。最后,本文研究了ICEM图形化建模工具的设计与实现,按照从整体到部分,从粗到细的方法给出了系统设计过程,并举例说明了系统的实现。
ICEM图形化建模方法使企业建模成为支持建立企业ERP管理系统的重要手段,使图形成为模型内在结构的一部分,可以直接参与模型的实际应用。UML是MDA框架下的重要标准,ICEM模型和UML模型的映射使ICEM模型可以方便的应用于MDA开发模式以及实现ICEM模型与其它基于MDA开发模式的建模方法的集成,并且为企业模型的互操作与集成提供了重要方法。
In this dissertation, we study interoperable enterprise modeling and model transformation based on XMI. This dissertation starts with presenting a complete lifecycle of ERP oriented enterprise modeling method——ICEM(Interoperable and Configurable Enterprise Models) graphic modeling. We discuss the composing and semanteme of ICEM models. Besides, we define the graphic expression and strict formalization of all ICEM models. This modeling method expands enterprise modeling to important measure of building ERP systems. Then, we discuss model transformation between ICEM models and UML models based on XMI. This dissertation presents formal definition of UML models and model mapping rules and establishes form of model mapping rules based on XML. This method implements model auto-transformation and gives a realization of MDA based framework. Then, in this dissertation, we propose the design and realization of ICEM graphic modeling tools.
In ICEM graphic modeling method, graph objects are parts of the model and can participate in the application of models. UML is an important standard of MDA. The model transformation between ICEM models and UML models makes ICEM models to be applied to MDA pattern easily. And also it makes the integration of ICEM models and other MDA based models easy. Based on model transformation, ICEM models give an important method of model interoperability and integration.
ICEM图形化建模方法使企业建模成为支持建立企业ERP管理系统的重要手段,使图形成为模型内在结构的一部分,可以直接参与模型的实际应用。UML是MDA框架下的重要标准,ICEM模型和UML模型的映射使ICEM模型可以方便的应用于MDA开发模式以及实现ICEM模型与其它基于MDA开发模式的建模方法的集成,并且为企业模型的互操作与集成提供了重要方法。
In this dissertation, we study interoperable enterprise modeling and model transformation based on XMI. This dissertation starts with presenting a complete lifecycle of ERP oriented enterprise modeling method——ICEM(Interoperable and Configurable Enterprise Models) graphic modeling. We discuss the composing and semanteme of ICEM models. Besides, we define the graphic expression and strict formalization of all ICEM models. This modeling method expands enterprise modeling to important measure of building ERP systems. Then, we discuss model transformation between ICEM models and UML models based on XMI. This dissertation presents formal definition of UML models and model mapping rules and establishes form of model mapping rules based on XML. This method implements model auto-transformation and gives a realization of MDA based framework. Then, in this dissertation, we propose the design and realization of ICEM graphic modeling tools.
In ICEM graphic modeling method, graph objects are parts of the model and can participate in the application of models. UML is an important standard of MDA. The model transformation between ICEM models and UML models makes ICEM models to be applied to MDA pattern easily. And also it makes the integration of ICEM models and other MDA based models easy. Based on model transformation, ICEM models give an important method of model interoperability and integration.
引文
1 范玉顺, 王刚, 高展. 企业建模理论与方法学导论. 清华大学出版社, 2001: 25~43
2 李林, 王怀伯, 张申生. 企业模型与建模理论与方法及其相关研究. 中国机械工程. 2002, 13(7): 603~605
3 徐罡, 王刚, 徐晓飞, 吕民. 基于多视图企业模型的过程分析和选择研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2002, 8(10): 782~785
4 乔非, 严隽薇, 贺飞鸣, 牟川. 基于模型构件的企业模型体系与建模技术. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2000, 6(3):11~16
5 Uschold M., King M.. The Enterprise Ontology. The Knowledge Engineering Review 1998, 13(1): 31~89
6 范玉顺, 吴澄, 王刚, 高展. 集成化企业建模方法与工具系统研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2000, 6(3):1~5
7 范玉顺, 赵博. 面向企业整体解决方案的集成化建模与执行. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2002, 8(11):845~846
8 吴建苗. 动态企业建模技术实现及其在 ERP 中应用. 浙江大学学报. 2000,27(4): 424~429
9 ESPRIT Consortium AMICE. CIMOSA: Open System Architecture for CIM. Springer-Verlag, 1993
10 Kosande K. CIMOSA-overview and status. Computer in Industry, 1995, (27): 101~109
11 Scheer A W. Architecture of Integrated Information System Foundations of Enterprise Modeling. Springer-Verlag, 1992
12 Goranson, H.T.. Architectural Support for the Advanced Virtual Enterprise. Computers in Industry. 2003, 51(2): 113~125
13 Guy Doumeingts. GRAI Approach to Designing and Controlling Advanced Manufacturing System in CIM Environment. Springer Publishing Company, 1989
14 F. B. Vernadat. Enterprise Modeling and Integration: Principles and Applications. Chapman & Hall, 1996
15 T Pender. UML Bible. WILEY, 2003: 11~24
16 Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. MA: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. 1999: 50~105
17 David S. Frankel. Model Driven Architecture: Applying MDA to Enterprise Computing. WILEY, 2003: 3~30
18 Kent S. Model Driven Engineering. 3rd International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods. Turku: Springer, 2002: 286~298
19 Scott Thibault, Charles Consel. A Framework for Application GeneratorDesign. ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on Software Reusability, 1997
20 史耀馨, 崔萌, 李宣东, 郑国梁. 基于 MDA 的 UML 模型转换技术——从顺序图到状态图. 计算机工程与应用. 2004, (7): 40~45
21 MDA Explained: The Practice and Promise of The Model Driven Architecture. Addison Wesley, 2003: 51~70
22 张征, 何克清, 刘进. 一种基于规则的模型转换方法. 计算机应用研究. 2005, (10):16~19
23 吴春水, 唐胜群. MDA 中从 PIM 到 PSM 的模型转换. 计算机工程. 2004, 30(10): 1~3
24 朱彬, 欧阳松. 模型驱动架构中模型转换技术的研究. 微机发展. 2005, 15(7): 54~56
25 林炜, 夏宽理. 基于 MDA 的模型转换方法研究. 计算机工程与应用. 2005, (2): 80~83
26 王大智, 李清, 陈禹六. 基于中间交换格式的过程模型转换技术研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2005, 11(5): 696~700
27 Rozenberg G. Handbook of Graph Grammars and Computing by Graph Transformations: Foundations. Sin-gapore: WorldScientific, 1997
28 Mabert, Vince A., Ashock Soni, M.A. Venkataramanan. Enterprise Resource Planning: Measuring Value. Production and Inventory Management Journal. 2001, 43(4): 46~51
29 黄丽华, 钱宇等. 企业过程定义及辨识方法. 系统工程学报, 1997, 12(3): 70~81
30 Loos Peter, Allweyer Thomas. Object-Orientation in Business Process Modeling through Applying Event Driven Process Chains (EPC) in UML. In: Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop, 1998: 102~112
31 颜志军, 孙宝文, 王天梅. 基于 UML 的业务流程模型分析方法研究. 计算机工程与应用. 2004,(29): 226~228
32 周晓晔, 王成恩, 罗焕佐. 基于 UML 的企业组织建模方法. 中国机械工程. 2004, 15(12): 1091~1094
33 韦银星, 张申生, 曹健. UML 类图的形式化及分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2002, (10):5~7
34 Mike Uschold, Michael Gruninger. Ontologies: Principles, Methods and Applications. Knowledge Review. 1996, 11(2):93~136
35 许维新, 虞慧群. 基于 TCOZ 的 UML 用例图的形式化模型. 华东理工大学学报. 2004, 30(1): 82~87
36 梁义芝, 王延章, 缪旭东, 刘云飞. UML 活动图的形式语义及分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2003, (18): 28~30
37 France R. The UML as a Formal Modeling Notation. Computer Standards & Interfaces. 1998,(19): 325~334
38 孙猛, 张乃孝. UML 状态机视图的 RSL 形式描述. 北京大学学报(自然科学版). 2005, 41(3): 344~357
39 蒋慧, 林东, 谢希仁. UML 状态机的形式语义. 软件学报. 2002,13(12): 2244~2250
40 D Carlson. Modeling XML Application with UML——Practical e-Business Applications. Addison Wesley, 2003: 78~102
41 赵博, 范玉顺. 多视图企业建模方法中的视图一致性研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2003, 9(7): 522~526
42 张志, 赵文耘, 李川. 基于 UML 的 XML 建模方法. 计算机工程. 2003, 29(8): 195~197
43 Luder P., Ernst R., Stille S.. An Approach to Automatic Display Layout using Combinatirial Optimization Algorithms. Software Practice and Experience. 1995, 25(11): 1183~1202
44 李娟, 袁峰, 李明树, 王青. 一种基于模型融合的 CMM 实施过程建模方法. 计算机学报. 2006, (1): 1~12
45 孙昌爱, 刘超, 金茂忠. 一种有效的软件结构图的布图算法. 北京航空航天大学学报. 2000, 26(6): 706~709
2 李林, 王怀伯, 张申生. 企业模型与建模理论与方法及其相关研究. 中国机械工程. 2002, 13(7): 603~605
3 徐罡, 王刚, 徐晓飞, 吕民. 基于多视图企业模型的过程分析和选择研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2002, 8(10): 782~785
4 乔非, 严隽薇, 贺飞鸣, 牟川. 基于模型构件的企业模型体系与建模技术. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2000, 6(3):11~16
5 Uschold M., King M.. The Enterprise Ontology. The Knowledge Engineering Review 1998, 13(1): 31~89
6 范玉顺, 吴澄, 王刚, 高展. 集成化企业建模方法与工具系统研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2000, 6(3):1~5
7 范玉顺, 赵博. 面向企业整体解决方案的集成化建模与执行. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2002, 8(11):845~846
8 吴建苗. 动态企业建模技术实现及其在 ERP 中应用. 浙江大学学报. 2000,27(4): 424~429
9 ESPRIT Consortium AMICE. CIMOSA: Open System Architecture for CIM. Springer-Verlag, 1993
10 Kosande K. CIMOSA-overview and status. Computer in Industry, 1995, (27): 101~109
11 Scheer A W. Architecture of Integrated Information System Foundations of Enterprise Modeling. Springer-Verlag, 1992
12 Goranson, H.T.. Architectural Support for the Advanced Virtual Enterprise. Computers in Industry. 2003, 51(2): 113~125
13 Guy Doumeingts. GRAI Approach to Designing and Controlling Advanced Manufacturing System in CIM Environment. Springer Publishing Company, 1989
14 F. B. Vernadat. Enterprise Modeling and Integration: Principles and Applications. Chapman & Hall, 1996
15 T Pender. UML Bible. WILEY, 2003: 11~24
16 Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. MA: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. 1999: 50~105
17 David S. Frankel. Model Driven Architecture: Applying MDA to Enterprise Computing. WILEY, 2003: 3~30
18 Kent S. Model Driven Engineering. 3rd International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods. Turku: Springer, 2002: 286~298
19 Scott Thibault, Charles Consel. A Framework for Application GeneratorDesign. ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on Software Reusability, 1997
20 史耀馨, 崔萌, 李宣东, 郑国梁. 基于 MDA 的 UML 模型转换技术——从顺序图到状态图. 计算机工程与应用. 2004, (7): 40~45
21 MDA Explained: The Practice and Promise of The Model Driven Architecture. Addison Wesley, 2003: 51~70
22 张征, 何克清, 刘进. 一种基于规则的模型转换方法. 计算机应用研究. 2005, (10):16~19
23 吴春水, 唐胜群. MDA 中从 PIM 到 PSM 的模型转换. 计算机工程. 2004, 30(10): 1~3
24 朱彬, 欧阳松. 模型驱动架构中模型转换技术的研究. 微机发展. 2005, 15(7): 54~56
25 林炜, 夏宽理. 基于 MDA 的模型转换方法研究. 计算机工程与应用. 2005, (2): 80~83
26 王大智, 李清, 陈禹六. 基于中间交换格式的过程模型转换技术研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2005, 11(5): 696~700
27 Rozenberg G. Handbook of Graph Grammars and Computing by Graph Transformations: Foundations. Sin-gapore: WorldScientific, 1997
28 Mabert, Vince A., Ashock Soni, M.A. Venkataramanan. Enterprise Resource Planning: Measuring Value. Production and Inventory Management Journal. 2001, 43(4): 46~51
29 黄丽华, 钱宇等. 企业过程定义及辨识方法. 系统工程学报, 1997, 12(3): 70~81
30 Loos Peter, Allweyer Thomas. Object-Orientation in Business Process Modeling through Applying Event Driven Process Chains (EPC) in UML. In: Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop, 1998: 102~112
31 颜志军, 孙宝文, 王天梅. 基于 UML 的业务流程模型分析方法研究. 计算机工程与应用. 2004,(29): 226~228
32 周晓晔, 王成恩, 罗焕佐. 基于 UML 的企业组织建模方法. 中国机械工程. 2004, 15(12): 1091~1094
33 韦银星, 张申生, 曹健. UML 类图的形式化及分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2002, (10):5~7
34 Mike Uschold, Michael Gruninger. Ontologies: Principles, Methods and Applications. Knowledge Review. 1996, 11(2):93~136
35 许维新, 虞慧群. 基于 TCOZ 的 UML 用例图的形式化模型. 华东理工大学学报. 2004, 30(1): 82~87
36 梁义芝, 王延章, 缪旭东, 刘云飞. UML 活动图的形式语义及分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2003, (18): 28~30
37 France R. The UML as a Formal Modeling Notation. Computer Standards & Interfaces. 1998,(19): 325~334
38 孙猛, 张乃孝. UML 状态机视图的 RSL 形式描述. 北京大学学报(自然科学版). 2005, 41(3): 344~357
39 蒋慧, 林东, 谢希仁. UML 状态机的形式语义. 软件学报. 2002,13(12): 2244~2250
40 D Carlson. Modeling XML Application with UML——Practical e-Business Applications. Addison Wesley, 2003: 78~102
41 赵博, 范玉顺. 多视图企业建模方法中的视图一致性研究. 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS. 2003, 9(7): 522~526
42 张志, 赵文耘, 李川. 基于 UML 的 XML 建模方法. 计算机工程. 2003, 29(8): 195~197
43 Luder P., Ernst R., Stille S.. An Approach to Automatic Display Layout using Combinatirial Optimization Algorithms. Software Practice and Experience. 1995, 25(11): 1183~1202
44 李娟, 袁峰, 李明树, 王青. 一种基于模型融合的 CMM 实施过程建模方法. 计算机学报. 2006, (1): 1~12
45 孙昌爱, 刘超, 金茂忠. 一种有效的软件结构图的布图算法. 北京航空航天大学学报. 2000, 26(6): 706~709