湖润变电站电能质量监测与综合治理仿真实验系统研制
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摘要
本论文以湖润变电站电能质量监测与综合治理仿真实验系统为研究对象,利用先进的计算机技术、现代电子技术、通信技术和信号处理技术,实现对变电站各条用电线路电能质量参数的监视、测量、分析,以便对电能质量问题严重的支路进行仿真治理,并成功研制IHAPF验室装置。
论文以变电站微机监测系统为基础,对变电站电能质量及治理方案进行研究。首先对当前电能质量问题及治理方案的发展状况进了简要介绍,针对湖润变电站的具体需求,从数据分析的角度阐述了监测系统构建的总体思路。采用基8的FFT对电能质量参数进行分析处理,运用基于数据压缩技术的实时数据库和历史数据库的数据存储,构建了湖润变电能质量监测的数据平台。
其次,介绍了系统参数的计算方法,根据实际测量的电压、电流、有功、无功等电能质量参数,分别用PSCAD和PSIM两种仿真软件计算出模型的变压器参数、电容器组参数和系统等效阻抗,从而建立了系统仿真模型。仿真数据与实测数据的比较证明了该仿真模型的有效性。
最后,针对湖润变电站谐波严重超标和无功支撑不足问题,对基于静止无功补偿装置(SVC)、静止无功发生器(STATCOM)和注入式混合型有源滤波器(IHAPF)的三种电能质量治理手段,从原理、参数设定和控制策略三方面分别设计了治理方案,对基于参数模糊自整定PI控制方法的注入式混合型有源滤波器(IHAPF)治理方案进行了详细的阐述。并用PSCAD和PSIM两种电能质量仿真软件进行了仿真分析,治理仿真效果、基本特性和可行性等方面的比较结果表明IHAPF为最佳治理方案。IHAPF实验装置的成功研制为湖润变电站电能质量问题的改善奠定了坚实的基础。
A research on power quality monitoring and comprehensive management simulation system of Hurun substation was described in this paper. Advanced computer technology, modern electronic technology, communication technology and signal processing technology were used to monitor, measure and analyzes the power quality parameters of each branch in the substation to simulate and manage the power quality problems which are serious in that branches.
This paper studied on the power quality problems and management options on the basis of computer monitoring system of the substation. First of all, this paper described and analyzed the current power quality problems and treatment program development. For the specific needs of Hurun substation, the general concept of building monitoring system was discussed from the data analysis perspective. In order to build an efficient and stable data platform, analysis and processing of power quality parameters were taken based-8 FFT, and data storage using real-time database and historical database which based on data compression technology.
Secondly, this paper introduced the calculation of system parameters based on the actual site model to determine the system requirements. PSCAD and PSIM were used to calculate the two software transformer parameters and system parameters of the equivalent capacitor impedance, and establish the system simulation models according to the actual measurements of voltage, current, active power, reactive power and other power quality parameters. The simulation data was compared to the actual measurements to prove the validity of the simulation models.
Thirdly, static var compensator (SVC), static var generator (STATCOM) and the injection hybrid active power filter (IHAPF) were combined to resolve the excessive harmonics and reactive power shortage for the Hurun substation. Treatment scheme was designed from theory, parameter setting and control strategy for simulation. Parameters fuzzy self-tuning PI control method which was used in injection hybrid active filter (IHAPF) control program was described in detail. It comes to the conclusion that IHAPF was the best control program from the control simulation, the feasibility of the basic characteristics and comparison of three programs, which laid a solid foundation on power quality problems of the Hurun substation. Finally, an IHAPF equipment was successfully developed in laboratory.
论文以变电站微机监测系统为基础,对变电站电能质量及治理方案进行研究。首先对当前电能质量问题及治理方案的发展状况进了简要介绍,针对湖润变电站的具体需求,从数据分析的角度阐述了监测系统构建的总体思路。采用基8的FFT对电能质量参数进行分析处理,运用基于数据压缩技术的实时数据库和历史数据库的数据存储,构建了湖润变电能质量监测的数据平台。
其次,介绍了系统参数的计算方法,根据实际测量的电压、电流、有功、无功等电能质量参数,分别用PSCAD和PSIM两种仿真软件计算出模型的变压器参数、电容器组参数和系统等效阻抗,从而建立了系统仿真模型。仿真数据与实测数据的比较证明了该仿真模型的有效性。
最后,针对湖润变电站谐波严重超标和无功支撑不足问题,对基于静止无功补偿装置(SVC)、静止无功发生器(STATCOM)和注入式混合型有源滤波器(IHAPF)的三种电能质量治理手段,从原理、参数设定和控制策略三方面分别设计了治理方案,对基于参数模糊自整定PI控制方法的注入式混合型有源滤波器(IHAPF)治理方案进行了详细的阐述。并用PSCAD和PSIM两种电能质量仿真软件进行了仿真分析,治理仿真效果、基本特性和可行性等方面的比较结果表明IHAPF为最佳治理方案。IHAPF实验装置的成功研制为湖润变电站电能质量问题的改善奠定了坚实的基础。
A research on power quality monitoring and comprehensive management simulation system of Hurun substation was described in this paper. Advanced computer technology, modern electronic technology, communication technology and signal processing technology were used to monitor, measure and analyzes the power quality parameters of each branch in the substation to simulate and manage the power quality problems which are serious in that branches.
This paper studied on the power quality problems and management options on the basis of computer monitoring system of the substation. First of all, this paper described and analyzed the current power quality problems and treatment program development. For the specific needs of Hurun substation, the general concept of building monitoring system was discussed from the data analysis perspective. In order to build an efficient and stable data platform, analysis and processing of power quality parameters were taken based-8 FFT, and data storage using real-time database and historical database which based on data compression technology.
Secondly, this paper introduced the calculation of system parameters based on the actual site model to determine the system requirements. PSCAD and PSIM were used to calculate the two software transformer parameters and system parameters of the equivalent capacitor impedance, and establish the system simulation models according to the actual measurements of voltage, current, active power, reactive power and other power quality parameters. The simulation data was compared to the actual measurements to prove the validity of the simulation models.
Thirdly, static var compensator (SVC), static var generator (STATCOM) and the injection hybrid active power filter (IHAPF) were combined to resolve the excessive harmonics and reactive power shortage for the Hurun substation. Treatment scheme was designed from theory, parameter setting and control strategy for simulation. Parameters fuzzy self-tuning PI control method which was used in injection hybrid active filter (IHAPF) control program was described in detail. It comes to the conclusion that IHAPF was the best control program from the control simulation, the feasibility of the basic characteristics and comparison of three programs, which laid a solid foundation on power quality problems of the Hurun substation. Finally, an IHAPF equipment was successfully developed in laboratory.
引文
[1]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题.电网技术,2001,25(10)：5-12
[2]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制.北京：中国电力出版社.2004
[3]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备.北京：中国电力出版社,2006
[4]R Redl, PTenti and J Van Wyk. Power Electronics Polluting Effects, IEEE.1997,5,33-39
[5]林海雪,孙树勤.电力网中的谐波.北京：中国电力出版社,1998,3-10
[6]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.北京：机械工业出版社,1998：2-19
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2002,66-67
[8]郭建梅,赵志齐.电力系统谐波危害及预防措施.天津电力技术,2002(3)：20-23,38
[9]汤钰鹏,徐建军.高次谐波产生的原因、危害及其抑制措施.电气传动自动化,2000,22(1)：3-6
[10]王琪辉,刘涛.民用建筑用电中的谐波危害及抑制.重庆建筑大学学报,2001,23(2)：81-86
[11]田葳,荐志清.有色加工企业谐波的产生与治理.东北电力技术,1999(7)：48-51
[12]Mark McGranaghan. Trends in power quality monitoring. IEEE Power Engineering Review,2001,9:3-9
[13]Rissik H. The Mercury Arc Current Converter.Pitman, London,1935
[14]Read J C. The Calculation of Rectifier and Converter Performance Characteristics. Journal IEF,1945:495-500
[15]Kimbark E W. Direct Current Transmission (Vol Ⅰ). John Wiley & Sons, New York,1971
[16]吴竞昌,孙树勤,宋文南等.电力系统谐波.北京：水利电力出版社,1988：28-32
[17]许克明,徐云,刘付平.电力系统高次谐波.重庆：重庆大学出版社,1991
[18]张一中,宁元中,宋永华等.电力谐波.成都：成都科技大学出版社,1992：38-42
[19]夏道止,沈赞埙.高压直流输电系统的谐波分析及滤波.北京：水利电力出版社,1994：72-75
[20]阿里拉加 J,布莱德勒 D A,伯德格尔 P S.电力系统谐波.唐统一译.徐 州：中国矿业大学出版社,1991：82-94
[21]阿里拉加 J,布莱德勒 D A,伯德格尔 P S.电力系统谐波.容健纲,张文亮译. 武汉：华中理工大学出版社,1994：83-85
[22]李君权,张国军.谐波电流对电力电容器的影响.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(3)：397-399
[23]T J E Miller. Reactive power control in electric systems. New York:Wiley, 1982
[24]Cutsem, Thierry Van. Voltage stability of electric power systems. New York: Springer,2008
[25]程浩忠.电力系统无功与电压稳定性.北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[26]苑舜,韩水.配电网无功优化及无功补偿装置.北京：中国电力出版社,2003
[27]李升.变电站电压无功控制理论与设计.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009
[28]金立军,安世超,廖黎明等.国内外无功补偿研发现状与发展趋势.电气传动自动化,2008,30(6)：1-3
[29]周建丰,顾亚琴.无功补偿装置的发展及性能比较分析.四川电力技术,2007(4)：59-62
[30]Saad Bouguezel, M Omair Ahmad, M N S Swamy. Improved Radix-4 and Radix-8 FFT Algorithms. Proe. IEEE ISCAS,2004 (3):561-564
[31]G Bi and Y Q Chen. Fast DFT algorithms for length N=q* 2m. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst Ⅱ,2004 (45):685-690
[32]王荣杰,胡清.改进的分裂基-2/8FFT算法.国外电子测量技术,2006(4)：14-15
[33]方洁,张可,王睿等.基于改进的FFT算法及应用研究.四川电力技术,2007,30(6)：9-12,32
[34]J Ziv, A Lempel. A universal algorithm for sequential data compression. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,1977,23:337-343
[35]David Salomon.数据压缩原理与应用(2版).吴乐南译.北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[36]T A Welch. A technique for high performance data compression. IEEE Computer,1984,17 (6):8-18
[37]林良真,叶林.电磁暂态分析软件包PSCAD/EMTDC.电网技术,2000,24(1)：65-66
[38]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(上).武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2002,12
[39]罗承廉,纪勇,刘遵义.静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的原理和实现.北京： 中国电力出版社,2005
[40]罗安,章兢,付青.新型注入式并联混合型有源电力滤波器.电工技术学报,2005,20(2)：51-56
[41]易兆林,胥军.SVC及其TCR电抗器的设计.电工技术,2006(1)：66-68
[42]茅建华.无源消谐滤波器LC参数选择原则的研究.电力建设,2005,26(5)：53-55,58
[43]毕向阳,朱凌.无源滤波器的设计及仿真研究.电力电容器与无功补偿,2008,29(5)：22-26.
[44]陈伯胜.串联电抗器抑制谐波的作用及电抗率的选择.电网技术,2003,27(12)：92-95
[45]许胜,赵键锋,唐国庆.SVC控制中功率因数给定的精确跟踪方法.电力电子技术,2008,06：6-10
[46]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业.电力系统并联补偿结构、原理、控制与应用.北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[2]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制.北京：中国电力出版社.2004
[3]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备.北京：中国电力出版社,2006
[4]R Redl, PTenti and J Van Wyk. Power Electronics Polluting Effects, IEEE.1997,5,33-39
[5]林海雪,孙树勤.电力网中的谐波.北京：中国电力出版社,1998,3-10
[6]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.北京：机械工业出版社,1998：2-19
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2002,66-67
[8]郭建梅,赵志齐.电力系统谐波危害及预防措施.天津电力技术,2002(3)：20-23,38
[9]汤钰鹏,徐建军.高次谐波产生的原因、危害及其抑制措施.电气传动自动化,2000,22(1)：3-6
[10]王琪辉,刘涛.民用建筑用电中的谐波危害及抑制.重庆建筑大学学报,2001,23(2)：81-86
[11]田葳,荐志清.有色加工企业谐波的产生与治理.东北电力技术,1999(7)：48-51
[12]Mark McGranaghan. Trends in power quality monitoring. IEEE Power Engineering Review,2001,9:3-9
[13]Rissik H. The Mercury Arc Current Converter.Pitman, London,1935
[14]Read J C. The Calculation of Rectifier and Converter Performance Characteristics. Journal IEF,1945:495-500
[15]Kimbark E W. Direct Current Transmission (Vol Ⅰ). John Wiley & Sons, New York,1971
[16]吴竞昌,孙树勤,宋文南等.电力系统谐波.北京：水利电力出版社,1988：28-32
[17]许克明,徐云,刘付平.电力系统高次谐波.重庆：重庆大学出版社,1991
[18]张一中,宁元中,宋永华等.电力谐波.成都：成都科技大学出版社,1992：38-42
[19]夏道止,沈赞埙.高压直流输电系统的谐波分析及滤波.北京：水利电力出版社,1994：72-75
[20]阿里拉加 J,布莱德勒 D A,伯德格尔 P S.电力系统谐波.唐统一译.徐 州：中国矿业大学出版社,1991：82-94
[21]阿里拉加 J,布莱德勒 D A,伯德格尔 P S.电力系统谐波.容健纲,张文亮译. 武汉：华中理工大学出版社,1994：83-85
[22]李君权,张国军.谐波电流对电力电容器的影响.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(3)：397-399
[23]T J E Miller. Reactive power control in electric systems. New York:Wiley, 1982
[24]Cutsem, Thierry Van. Voltage stability of electric power systems. New York: Springer,2008
[25]程浩忠.电力系统无功与电压稳定性.北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[26]苑舜,韩水.配电网无功优化及无功补偿装置.北京：中国电力出版社,2003
[27]李升.变电站电压无功控制理论与设计.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009
[28]金立军,安世超,廖黎明等.国内外无功补偿研发现状与发展趋势.电气传动自动化,2008,30(6)：1-3
[29]周建丰,顾亚琴.无功补偿装置的发展及性能比较分析.四川电力技术,2007(4)：59-62
[30]Saad Bouguezel, M Omair Ahmad, M N S Swamy. Improved Radix-4 and Radix-8 FFT Algorithms. Proe. IEEE ISCAS,2004 (3):561-564
[31]G Bi and Y Q Chen. Fast DFT algorithms for length N=q* 2m. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst Ⅱ,2004 (45):685-690
[32]王荣杰,胡清.改进的分裂基-2/8FFT算法.国外电子测量技术,2006(4)：14-15
[33]方洁,张可,王睿等.基于改进的FFT算法及应用研究.四川电力技术,2007,30(6)：9-12,32
[34]J Ziv, A Lempel. A universal algorithm for sequential data compression. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,1977,23:337-343
[35]David Salomon.数据压缩原理与应用(2版).吴乐南译.北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[36]T A Welch. A technique for high performance data compression. IEEE Computer,1984,17 (6):8-18
[37]林良真,叶林.电磁暂态分析软件包PSCAD/EMTDC.电网技术,2000,24(1)：65-66
[38]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(上).武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2002,12
[39]罗承廉,纪勇,刘遵义.静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的原理和实现.北京： 中国电力出版社,2005
[40]罗安,章兢,付青.新型注入式并联混合型有源电力滤波器.电工技术学报,2005,20(2)：51-56
[41]易兆林,胥军.SVC及其TCR电抗器的设计.电工技术,2006(1)：66-68
[42]茅建华.无源消谐滤波器LC参数选择原则的研究.电力建设,2005,26(5)：53-55,58
[43]毕向阳,朱凌.无源滤波器的设计及仿真研究.电力电容器与无功补偿,2008,29(5)：22-26.
[44]陈伯胜.串联电抗器抑制谐波的作用及电抗率的选择.电网技术,2003,27(12)：92-95
[45]许胜,赵键锋,唐国庆.SVC控制中功率因数给定的精确跟踪方法.电力电子技术,2008,06：6-10
[46]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业.电力系统并联补偿结构、原理、控制与应用.北京：机械工业出版社,2004