AP1000核电蒸发器和非能动换热器管子与管板胀接的数值模拟分析研究
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摘要
本文应用三维有限元方法,对第三代AP1000核电蒸汽发生器和非能动换热器的管子与管板在不同胀接工艺参数下的胀接过程和接头力学行为进行了数值模拟,在此基础上研究了胀接工艺的确定方法。主要的研究工作和结果如下：
(1)研究了胀接压力、管子与管板初始间隙和材料拉伸性能对管子与管板界面残余接触压力、接头拉脱强度、过渡区残余应力及管子减薄率的影响规律。结果表明：随胀接压力的增加,界面残余接触压力、管子拉脱力、管子减薄率基本呈线性增长趋势；随管子与管板间初始间隙的增加,界面残余接触压力和管子拉脱力减小,管子减薄率增大；管材Alloy690的屈服强度对胀接力学参数有一定影响,而管板材料A508的屈服强度对胀接力学参数基本没有影响。
(2)计算得到了界面残余接触压力、接头拉脱强度和管子减薄率与胀接压力和管子/管板初始间隙之间的定量关系式。基于这些关系式,分析建立了AP1000蒸发器和非能动换热器管子与管板胀接工艺参数的确定方法。
(3)对AP1000蒸发器的管子与管板胀接接头的二次侧过渡区,进行了减小残余拉应力的微胀工艺研究,确定了不同胀接压力与管子/管板初始间隙下都适用的最佳微胀位置与最佳微胀压力范围。
By using the three-dimensional finite element simulation, the expanding process and joint performance at different technological parameters have been simulated for steam generator and passive heat exchanger in AP1000 nuclear power. Based on this, the determination method of expanding process parameters has been investigated. The main research work and the results obtained are as follows:
(1) The effects of expansion pressure, initial clearance and mechanical properties of materials on residual contact pressure at the interface of joints, pull-out strength, the residual stress at the transition zone and the wall reduction have been investigated. The result shows that, with increasing the expansion pressure, the residual contact pressure, the pull-out force and the wall reduction increase linearly. With increasing the initial clearance, residual contact pressure at the interface of joints and pull-out strength decrease, the wall reduction increases. The yield stress of Alloy690 tube material has certain effect on expanding mechanical parameters, while A508 tubesheet material has no effect on them.
(2) The quantitative equations between expansion pressure, initial clearance and mechanical properties of materials on residual contact pressure at the interface of joints, pull-out strength, and the wall reduction were obtained. Based on these equations, the determination method of expanding process of the AP1000 steam generator and passive heat exchanger has been established.
(3) The little expanding process in the secondary surface of tube-to-tubesheet joints have been simulated and investigated for AP1000 steam generator. The little expanding process parameters that can be used for joints with different expansion pressure and different initial clearance were obtained.
(1)研究了胀接压力、管子与管板初始间隙和材料拉伸性能对管子与管板界面残余接触压力、接头拉脱强度、过渡区残余应力及管子减薄率的影响规律。结果表明：随胀接压力的增加,界面残余接触压力、管子拉脱力、管子减薄率基本呈线性增长趋势；随管子与管板间初始间隙的增加,界面残余接触压力和管子拉脱力减小,管子减薄率增大；管材Alloy690的屈服强度对胀接力学参数有一定影响,而管板材料A508的屈服强度对胀接力学参数基本没有影响。
(2)计算得到了界面残余接触压力、接头拉脱强度和管子减薄率与胀接压力和管子/管板初始间隙之间的定量关系式。基于这些关系式,分析建立了AP1000蒸发器和非能动换热器管子与管板胀接工艺参数的确定方法。
(3)对AP1000蒸发器的管子与管板胀接接头的二次侧过渡区,进行了减小残余拉应力的微胀工艺研究,确定了不同胀接压力与管子/管板初始间隙下都适用的最佳微胀位置与最佳微胀压力范围。
By using the three-dimensional finite element simulation, the expanding process and joint performance at different technological parameters have been simulated for steam generator and passive heat exchanger in AP1000 nuclear power. Based on this, the determination method of expanding process parameters has been investigated. The main research work and the results obtained are as follows:
(1) The effects of expansion pressure, initial clearance and mechanical properties of materials on residual contact pressure at the interface of joints, pull-out strength, the residual stress at the transition zone and the wall reduction have been investigated. The result shows that, with increasing the expansion pressure, the residual contact pressure, the pull-out force and the wall reduction increase linearly. With increasing the initial clearance, residual contact pressure at the interface of joints and pull-out strength decrease, the wall reduction increases. The yield stress of Alloy690 tube material has certain effect on expanding mechanical parameters, while A508 tubesheet material has no effect on them.
(2) The quantitative equations between expansion pressure, initial clearance and mechanical properties of materials on residual contact pressure at the interface of joints, pull-out strength, and the wall reduction were obtained. Based on these equations, the determination method of expanding process of the AP1000 steam generator and passive heat exchanger has been established.
(3) The little expanding process in the secondary surface of tube-to-tubesheet joints have been simulated and investigated for AP1000 steam generator. The little expanding process parameters that can be used for joints with different expansion pressure and different initial clearance were obtained.
引文
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[7]顾永康.60万kW核电蒸汽发生器的管子与管板焊接[J].焊接.2001,(2).
[8]朱跃钊,蒋金柱,桑芝富.影响胀接结构可靠性的几个因素[J].压力容器,22(1)：12
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[10]陶申昌.管壳式换热器管板与换热管的连接[J].压力容器.2002,19(4).
[11]聂清德.化工设备设计[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1991：25-26.
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[16]宋祥春,王福春. Inconel 690管子胀接工艺试验[J].压力容器.2006第23卷第10期.
[17]徐鸿.换热器管束的失效和提高管束寿命的途径[J].中日第四次化工设备技术交流论文集.
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