煤泥水中矿物颗粒表面荷电特性及机理研究
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摘要
煤炭在我国能源消费中占有主导地位,并且在今后较长时间内其主导地位依然不变。十二五规划中明确要求：“要合理地使用能源资源,提高能源加工利用效率,构建经济清洁的能源产业体系”。而煤炭洗选加工是煤炭清洁利用的技术源头,每洗选1吨原煤就要产生3m3的煤泥水,因此,能否解决好对煤泥水的处理问题已成为“实现煤炭清洁利用”的关键因素。
通过SEM、XRD及工业分析对淮南丁集选煤厂不同粒度级和密度级的原煤矿物组成、赋存形式及其泥化特性进行分析,发现丁集选煤厂原煤主要矿物为高岭土和石英,且以细颗粒形式分散嵌布在煤中；不同密度级原煤随着密度的增大,矿物含量逐渐增大,原煤泥化煤泥的粒度分布呈现“两头大、中间小”的特点；不同粒度级原煤,随着原煤粒度的减小,矿物含量先减小后增大,粒度为0.5mm时矿物含量最小,原煤泥化煤泥的粒度分布呈现“尾大,头小”的特点。
煤泥颗粒表面荷负电是煤泥颗粒保持高度分散性、稳定性的主要原因,研究表明矿物颗粒表面带电原因大致有优先解离(或溶解)、吸附和电离、晶格取代等。石英颗粒表面由于水合作用存在大量的-SiOH,在不同的pH值条件下,OH-或H+在矿物表面的分布发生变化,便会影响颗粒表面的荷电性。高岭土颗粒表面的电性及荷电量可近似认为是由其层面电荷和端面电荷的代数和所决定的。高岭土层面及端面存在若干Si-O及Al-O会生成Si-OH和Al-OH,但其荷电性要受介质pH值的影响：(1)层面电性：①在酸性介质中表面带正电,②在碱性介质中表面带负电；(2)端面电性：①当pH值低时,其端面荷正电,②在中性和弱酸性介质中端面不荷电,③碱性介质中,端面会荷负电。
通过对搅拌强度、pH值、浸泡时间、水质硬度及阳离子价态五个因素对煤伴生高岭土、石英、精煤及其混合矿物颗粒表面电动电位变化规律的研究表明,随着转速的提高及浸泡时间的增加,各矿物表面zeta电位绝对值都先增大而后趋于减小；随着水硬度及阳离子价态的增大,各矿物表面zeta电位绝对值都逐渐减小；随着pH值的增大,在pH=8左右时,各单一矿物颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值出现最大值,在pH=10左右时,混合矿物颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值出现最大值,随后都趋于平缓。这为完善煤泥水中矿物颗粒分散基本理论,为选煤厂选择药剂,改善药剂添加制度,优化煤泥水处理工艺提供理论依据,具有工业应用价值。
Coal is in a dominant position in energy consumption system and its dominance remains unchanged over an extended period in the future. The twelfth Five-Year Plan clearly required:" to use energy resources in reason, to improve energy efficiency of processure, to establish a clean and economy energy industrial system". But coal washing and processing is the technology source of clean usage,and it is necessary to produce3m3coal slurry washing one ton coal,so, it is the key factor for "realizing clean coal usage"to solve the problem of slime water or no.
The paper uses SEM、XRD and industry analysis methods to analyse the mineral compositons, occurrence form and clay characteristics of different density and particle level of raw coal from Dingji Preparation Plant in Huainan city to master that the major mineral compositions are kaolinite and quartz with fine particles form scattered in raw coal. It is that raw coal mineral content increases gradually with the increase of coal density and the particles distribution property of mud broken from raw coal presents "two large head and small middle" for raw coal of different density level. For different particle size level raw coal, it is known that mineral content reduces first increases after with the decrease of raw coal particle size and reaches minimum amount in the grain size of0.5mm, and the particles distribution property of mud broken from raw coal presents "big tail, small head".
The surface negative charge of slime particles is the main reason to keep highly dispersivity and stability, and the study shows that the main reasons of particle surface charged are priority dissociation(or solution), adsorption and inonization, lattice replac--ement etc. There are a lot of-SiOH with the hydrationon the quartz particle surface, and that the distribution of OH-or H+changes at different pH values will Influence the electrical characteristics of the particle surface. The electrical properties and quantities of the kaoline particle surface are approximatly decided by the charge sum of bedding surface and head face.
there are a lot of Si-O and Al-O that can generate Si-OH and Al-OH on the kaoline particle surface, and the electrical properties of the kaoline particle surface are affected by pH value:(1)the electrical properties of bedding surface:①surface positively charges in the acidic medium,②surface negatively charges in alkaline medium;(2) the electrical properties of head face:①hen low pH value, the head face positively charges;②the head face don't charge in a neutral and weak acid medium;③the head face negatively charges in alkaline medium.
The research in the influences of stir intensity, pH value, soaking time, water hardness and different valence cations on particle surface electric potential of coal associated kaolin, quartz, clean coal and theirs mixture shows that the mineral particle surface electric potential absolute value both increases early and then tends to decrease as the stir intensity and soaking time increase, both decreases with the water hardness and cation valence increasing, in addition, the zeta potential absolute value of a single mineral particles surfaces appear the maximum value at pH=8or so, and the zeta potential absolute value of mixture mineral particles surfaces appear the maximum value at pH=10or so with the increase of pH value, subsequently level off. It can perfect slim mineral particles basic dispersion theory in water, and provide a theoretical basis for coal preparation plant tochoose pharmacy, improve pharmacy adding system, better Slime water treatment process,so it is industrial applications.
通过SEM、XRD及工业分析对淮南丁集选煤厂不同粒度级和密度级的原煤矿物组成、赋存形式及其泥化特性进行分析,发现丁集选煤厂原煤主要矿物为高岭土和石英,且以细颗粒形式分散嵌布在煤中；不同密度级原煤随着密度的增大,矿物含量逐渐增大,原煤泥化煤泥的粒度分布呈现“两头大、中间小”的特点；不同粒度级原煤,随着原煤粒度的减小,矿物含量先减小后增大,粒度为0.5mm时矿物含量最小,原煤泥化煤泥的粒度分布呈现“尾大,头小”的特点。
煤泥颗粒表面荷负电是煤泥颗粒保持高度分散性、稳定性的主要原因,研究表明矿物颗粒表面带电原因大致有优先解离(或溶解)、吸附和电离、晶格取代等。石英颗粒表面由于水合作用存在大量的-SiOH,在不同的pH值条件下,OH-或H+在矿物表面的分布发生变化,便会影响颗粒表面的荷电性。高岭土颗粒表面的电性及荷电量可近似认为是由其层面电荷和端面电荷的代数和所决定的。高岭土层面及端面存在若干Si-O及Al-O会生成Si-OH和Al-OH,但其荷电性要受介质pH值的影响：(1)层面电性：①在酸性介质中表面带正电,②在碱性介质中表面带负电；(2)端面电性：①当pH值低时,其端面荷正电,②在中性和弱酸性介质中端面不荷电,③碱性介质中,端面会荷负电。
通过对搅拌强度、pH值、浸泡时间、水质硬度及阳离子价态五个因素对煤伴生高岭土、石英、精煤及其混合矿物颗粒表面电动电位变化规律的研究表明,随着转速的提高及浸泡时间的增加,各矿物表面zeta电位绝对值都先增大而后趋于减小；随着水硬度及阳离子价态的增大,各矿物表面zeta电位绝对值都逐渐减小；随着pH值的增大,在pH=8左右时,各单一矿物颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值出现最大值,在pH=10左右时,混合矿物颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值出现最大值,随后都趋于平缓。这为完善煤泥水中矿物颗粒分散基本理论,为选煤厂选择药剂,改善药剂添加制度,优化煤泥水处理工艺提供理论依据,具有工业应用价值。
Coal is in a dominant position in energy consumption system and its dominance remains unchanged over an extended period in the future. The twelfth Five-Year Plan clearly required:" to use energy resources in reason, to improve energy efficiency of processure, to establish a clean and economy energy industrial system". But coal washing and processing is the technology source of clean usage,and it is necessary to produce3m3coal slurry washing one ton coal,so, it is the key factor for "realizing clean coal usage"to solve the problem of slime water or no.
The paper uses SEM、XRD and industry analysis methods to analyse the mineral compositons, occurrence form and clay characteristics of different density and particle level of raw coal from Dingji Preparation Plant in Huainan city to master that the major mineral compositions are kaolinite and quartz with fine particles form scattered in raw coal. It is that raw coal mineral content increases gradually with the increase of coal density and the particles distribution property of mud broken from raw coal presents "two large head and small middle" for raw coal of different density level. For different particle size level raw coal, it is known that mineral content reduces first increases after with the decrease of raw coal particle size and reaches minimum amount in the grain size of0.5mm, and the particles distribution property of mud broken from raw coal presents "big tail, small head".
The surface negative charge of slime particles is the main reason to keep highly dispersivity and stability, and the study shows that the main reasons of particle surface charged are priority dissociation(or solution), adsorption and inonization, lattice replac--ement etc. There are a lot of-SiOH with the hydrationon the quartz particle surface, and that the distribution of OH-or H+changes at different pH values will Influence the electrical characteristics of the particle surface. The electrical properties and quantities of the kaoline particle surface are approximatly decided by the charge sum of bedding surface and head face.
there are a lot of Si-O and Al-O that can generate Si-OH and Al-OH on the kaoline particle surface, and the electrical properties of the kaoline particle surface are affected by pH value:(1)the electrical properties of bedding surface:①surface positively charges in the acidic medium,②surface negatively charges in alkaline medium;(2) the electrical properties of head face:①hen low pH value, the head face positively charges;②the head face don't charge in a neutral and weak acid medium;③the head face negatively charges in alkaline medium.
The research in the influences of stir intensity, pH value, soaking time, water hardness and different valence cations on particle surface electric potential of coal associated kaolin, quartz, clean coal and theirs mixture shows that the mineral particle surface electric potential absolute value both increases early and then tends to decrease as the stir intensity and soaking time increase, both decreases with the water hardness and cation valence increasing, in addition, the zeta potential absolute value of a single mineral particles surfaces appear the maximum value at pH=8or so, and the zeta potential absolute value of mixture mineral particles surfaces appear the maximum value at pH=10or so with the increase of pH value, subsequently level off. It can perfect slim mineral particles basic dispersion theory in water, and provide a theoretical basis for coal preparation plant tochoose pharmacy, improve pharmacy adding system, better Slime water treatment process,so it is industrial applications.
引文
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