液态钢渣水淬工艺含尘气体净化技术的研究
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摘要
本课题来源于马钢实业公司与东华大学的合作项目——马鞍山钢铁公司第四钢轧厂BSSF滚筒法液态钢渣水淬工艺除尘工程。
钢铁工业自90年代起在我国得到了迅速发展。1996年以来我国的钢产量已位居世界第一位,2009年我国钢产量达5.65亿吨。而同时也产生了钢产量15%-20%的大量钢渣。钢渣中蕴藏着丰富的资源,其中含有10%左右的废钢和大量有价值的化学元素。在目前铁矿石价格高涨的情况下,钢渣中含有的废钢资源显得尤为珍贵。因此,将废钢从钢渣中分离的钢渣粒化处理技术得到了快速的推广应用。其中,BSSF滚筒法液态钢渣水淬处理工艺因具有流程短、投资少、处理成本低、粒度小而均匀和渣钢分离良好等优点而得到推广。但是钢渣水淬过程产生的水蒸气、粉尘、有害气体等污染物却导致厂房建筑的腐蚀和厂区大气环境的恶化。研究如何实现水淬过程中污染物的有效净化,对于推进钢渣综合利用,改善工人工作条件,减少大气污染具有很大的实际意义。
本文分析了水淬工艺生产过程,水蒸气、粉尘、有害气体的发生机理,并分析了现有污染物控制系统的效果。提出了采用旋流喷雾除尘+自激式湿式除尘+机械排风的处理方式。
研究提出了采用涡向双进口起旋旋转流作为旋流喷雾除尘的旋转流结构形式。采用流体动力学RSM湍流模型对涡向双进口起旋旋转流进行数值模拟。结果表明,双涡向进口旋转流旋流中心与管道中心基本重合,改进了单进口起旋旋转流偏心问题；其流场呈Rankine涡结构形态,由上游的强制涡逐渐向下游的强制涡和准自由涡组合形态发展,给出了准自由涡和准强制涡内切向速度、轴向速度的分布函数和径向速度的分布。
通过对不同入口结构的起旋器产生的旋转流的数值模拟,表明旋转流最大切向速度和阻力因子随筒体入口面积比呈线性变化,随入口长宽比呈对数变化的规律,认为改变筒体入口面积比以强化旋转流效果要优于改变入口长宽比的方法。最后给出了旋转流换热Nu数随入口结构变化的拟合函数。
通过对旋流喷雾除尘过程的理论分析,给出了旋流喷雾除尘捕集分级效率的计算方法。将各种不同参数的旋转流的数值模拟流场结果带入该公式,对各参数对捕集效率的影响进行分析。结果表明,旋流喷雾除尘的效率与喷雾流量、气流切向速度正相关,与气流轴向速度、液滴粒径、距轴心的距离负相关。最佳液气比与喷雾粒径的比值应在6-7(m2/m3)的范围内,最佳筒体入口面积比在4-5范围内,最佳筒体截面平均风速在5m/s左右。
结合工程应用,对水淬尾气净化提出了旋流喷雾除尘+自激式湿法除尘+机械排风的设计,为治理此类污染找出了可行的方案。该方案对同类工艺过程具有一定的参考价值。
This topic comes from the cooperation project of Donghua university and Masteel industrial company——Maanshan iron & steel company fourth steel rolling mill BSSF roller method liquid steel slag water quenching process dedusting project.
Steel industry in our country has developed rapidly since the 1990s up. Since 1996 Chinese steel production has the first place in the world. In 2009, our steel production reached 565 million tons. While it also produced a lot of steel slag which accounted for 15% to 20% of steel output. Steel slag contains rich resources. it contains 10% of scrap steel and a lot of valuable chemical element.In the current iron ore prices circumstances,the scrap steel resource in slag appear especially precious.Accordingly,the graining processing technology which isolated the scrap steel from steel slag obtained fast promotion application.Among them, BSSF roller method liquid steel slag water quenching process has been extended for its shortened, less investment, low cost, Small and uniform particle size and granularity separation good steel slag etc.However, the pollutants such as vapour, dust and harmful gas which are produced by steel slag water quenching process lead to building corrosion and atmospheric environmental deterioration in the factory. So researching how to Realize the effective cleansing of the pollutants of water quenching process has the practical significance to promote comprehensive utilization of steel slag, improve working conditions and reduce air pollution.
This paper analyzes the water quenching production process, occurrence mechanism of vapour, dust and harmful gas and the effect of the existing pollutant control system.then it proposed combined application swirling spray dusting and self stimulated wet dusting scheme.
The research proposes using vortex double-inlet injected swirling flow as swirling spray dedusting rotational flow structure.calculation and analysis the flow field by RNG RSM antagonistic turbulent numerical analysis model.The result shows that, the vortex double-inlet injected swirling flow in pipe presents an axisymmetric and attenuation swirling flow field, improved the off-centre problem of single-inlet swirling flow. tangential velocity distribution approximate Ranking vortex structure; Axial velocity distribution along radial direction looks like a saddle, the center area existing backflow area; Radial velocity is less than Tangential, axial velocity an order of magnitude, along the tangential approximate sine and cosine distribution.
According to the numerical simulation of the swirling flow which has different entrance structure, it shows that, the maximum tangential velocity and the resistance coefficient of the swirling flow linear change with the ratio of the Piping cross-sectional area and entrance area, Logarithmic change with the Entrance length-width ratio.it considers that, to aggrandizement rotational flow, the method of changing the ratio of the Piping cross-sectional area and entrance area is superior to changing the Entrance length-width ratio. At last, it proposes the fitting function of the changing of swirling flow's Nu with the entrance structure.
钢铁工业自90年代起在我国得到了迅速发展。1996年以来我国的钢产量已位居世界第一位,2009年我国钢产量达5.65亿吨。而同时也产生了钢产量15%-20%的大量钢渣。钢渣中蕴藏着丰富的资源,其中含有10%左右的废钢和大量有价值的化学元素。在目前铁矿石价格高涨的情况下,钢渣中含有的废钢资源显得尤为珍贵。因此,将废钢从钢渣中分离的钢渣粒化处理技术得到了快速的推广应用。其中,BSSF滚筒法液态钢渣水淬处理工艺因具有流程短、投资少、处理成本低、粒度小而均匀和渣钢分离良好等优点而得到推广。但是钢渣水淬过程产生的水蒸气、粉尘、有害气体等污染物却导致厂房建筑的腐蚀和厂区大气环境的恶化。研究如何实现水淬过程中污染物的有效净化,对于推进钢渣综合利用,改善工人工作条件,减少大气污染具有很大的实际意义。
本文分析了水淬工艺生产过程,水蒸气、粉尘、有害气体的发生机理,并分析了现有污染物控制系统的效果。提出了采用旋流喷雾除尘+自激式湿式除尘+机械排风的处理方式。
研究提出了采用涡向双进口起旋旋转流作为旋流喷雾除尘的旋转流结构形式。采用流体动力学RSM湍流模型对涡向双进口起旋旋转流进行数值模拟。结果表明,双涡向进口旋转流旋流中心与管道中心基本重合,改进了单进口起旋旋转流偏心问题；其流场呈Rankine涡结构形态,由上游的强制涡逐渐向下游的强制涡和准自由涡组合形态发展,给出了准自由涡和准强制涡内切向速度、轴向速度的分布函数和径向速度的分布。
通过对不同入口结构的起旋器产生的旋转流的数值模拟,表明旋转流最大切向速度和阻力因子随筒体入口面积比呈线性变化,随入口长宽比呈对数变化的规律,认为改变筒体入口面积比以强化旋转流效果要优于改变入口长宽比的方法。最后给出了旋转流换热Nu数随入口结构变化的拟合函数。
通过对旋流喷雾除尘过程的理论分析,给出了旋流喷雾除尘捕集分级效率的计算方法。将各种不同参数的旋转流的数值模拟流场结果带入该公式,对各参数对捕集效率的影响进行分析。结果表明,旋流喷雾除尘的效率与喷雾流量、气流切向速度正相关,与气流轴向速度、液滴粒径、距轴心的距离负相关。最佳液气比与喷雾粒径的比值应在6-7(m2/m3)的范围内,最佳筒体入口面积比在4-5范围内,最佳筒体截面平均风速在5m/s左右。
结合工程应用,对水淬尾气净化提出了旋流喷雾除尘+自激式湿法除尘+机械排风的设计,为治理此类污染找出了可行的方案。该方案对同类工艺过程具有一定的参考价值。
This topic comes from the cooperation project of Donghua university and Masteel industrial company——Maanshan iron & steel company fourth steel rolling mill BSSF roller method liquid steel slag water quenching process dedusting project.
Steel industry in our country has developed rapidly since the 1990s up. Since 1996 Chinese steel production has the first place in the world. In 2009, our steel production reached 565 million tons. While it also produced a lot of steel slag which accounted for 15% to 20% of steel output. Steel slag contains rich resources. it contains 10% of scrap steel and a lot of valuable chemical element.In the current iron ore prices circumstances,the scrap steel resource in slag appear especially precious.Accordingly,the graining processing technology which isolated the scrap steel from steel slag obtained fast promotion application.Among them, BSSF roller method liquid steel slag water quenching process has been extended for its shortened, less investment, low cost, Small and uniform particle size and granularity separation good steel slag etc.However, the pollutants such as vapour, dust and harmful gas which are produced by steel slag water quenching process lead to building corrosion and atmospheric environmental deterioration in the factory. So researching how to Realize the effective cleansing of the pollutants of water quenching process has the practical significance to promote comprehensive utilization of steel slag, improve working conditions and reduce air pollution.
This paper analyzes the water quenching production process, occurrence mechanism of vapour, dust and harmful gas and the effect of the existing pollutant control system.then it proposed combined application swirling spray dusting and self stimulated wet dusting scheme.
The research proposes using vortex double-inlet injected swirling flow as swirling spray dedusting rotational flow structure.calculation and analysis the flow field by RNG RSM antagonistic turbulent numerical analysis model.The result shows that, the vortex double-inlet injected swirling flow in pipe presents an axisymmetric and attenuation swirling flow field, improved the off-centre problem of single-inlet swirling flow. tangential velocity distribution approximate Ranking vortex structure; Axial velocity distribution along radial direction looks like a saddle, the center area existing backflow area; Radial velocity is less than Tangential, axial velocity an order of magnitude, along the tangential approximate sine and cosine distribution.
According to the numerical simulation of the swirling flow which has different entrance structure, it shows that, the maximum tangential velocity and the resistance coefficient of the swirling flow linear change with the ratio of the Piping cross-sectional area and entrance area, Logarithmic change with the Entrance length-width ratio.it considers that, to aggrandizement rotational flow, the method of changing the ratio of the Piping cross-sectional area and entrance area is superior to changing the Entrance length-width ratio. At last, it proposes the fitting function of the changing of swirling flow's Nu with the entrance structure.
引文
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