Ti-44Al-5Nb-0.85W-0.85B高温蠕变行为研究
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摘要
研究了细晶铸态TiAl合金Ti-44Al-5Nb-0.85W-0.85B(at.%)的蠕变行为。合金在蠕变前分别在1260℃和1340℃两个不同温度下热等静处理以得到两种不同的显微结构:经1260℃热等静压处理后,块状B2+ω沉淀相在板条晶界偏析,而在α单相区(1340℃)进行的热等静压处理完全消除了这种块状B2+ω偏聚相。
在700℃,150～300MPa应力下进行恒应力拉伸蠕变实验,研究并讨论了B2+ω偏聚相对合金在不同应力下的蠕变性能的影响。结果显示,两种状态的下的该合金即使是在700℃,300MPa应力下经历1000小时长时间蠕变后,仍处于稳态蠕变阶段,没有发生断裂现象。含W的全板条合金显示出了良好的蠕变性能。并且发现,含有B2+ω偏聚相的显微结构比不含该偏聚相的显微结构表现出更好的蠕变性能,在200～300MPa之间存在蠕变控制机理的转变。
对显微组织进行详细的扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,结果显示,粗大γ板条含有较高的位错密度,在板条尖端和反向畴界以及α_2/γ界面发现了位错塞积现象。α_2+γ板条表现出相对好的稳定性。偶尔发现粗大α_2板条发生了平行分解,仅少量γ板条生成变形孪晶,没有发现板条断开和发生球化的现象。
研究表明,块状B2+ω偏聚相在1340℃下热等静压处理后被完全消除,但是,此有序相在蠕变后又重新出现在晶界。在热等静压处理消除块状B2+ω偏聚相之后,晶界仍残留了细小颗粒或者线状B2相,由于难溶元素W,Nb扩散缓慢,仍然集中在初生B2+ω相被消除的区域附近,在高温高应力蠕变过程中,它们对B2+ω沉淀相重新偏聚将作出贡献。因此可以得出这样的结论:对于TiAl合金,通过热等静压处理消除B2+ω偏聚相并不是强化α_2+γ板条的有效方法。
The creep behavior of a fine-grained cast TiAl alloy with nominal chemical composition of Ti-44Al-5Nb-0.85W-0.85B(at.%) was studied.The material was HIPped(hot isostatic pressed) at the temperatures of 1260℃and 1340℃respectively to produce different microstructures:the B2+ωphase was segregated at lamellar colony boundaries after 1260℃HIPping,and it was completely removed after 1340℃HIPping.
Tensile creep tests were performed at the temperature of 700℃under a constant stress ranging from 150MPa to 300MPa.The influence of B2+ωprecipitates on creep under different stresses was studied and discussed.The results showed that the two conditions of the cast alloy subjected to creep for up to 1000 hours,even at the temperature of 700℃and at the stress of 300MPa,were still in the secondary creep regime,no fracture occurred.This reveals a good creep resistance for the W-containing fully lamellar TiAl alloy.Also found is that the fully lamellar microstructure with B2+ωsegregation shows a better creep resistance than that without B2+ωsegregation.Creep mechanism has been found to change between 200MPa and 300MPa.
The microstructure evaluation was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results showed that coarseγlaths contained a relatively high dislocation density.Dislocation pile-ups were observed among lamellar tips,antiphase domain boundaries andα_2/γinterfaces.Theα_2+γlamellae exhibit relatively high stability.Parallel decomposition of coarseα_2 laths was rarely found,the deformation twins were found only inγlaths,and no any lamellae were observed to break-up and globularise.
The research has found that that blocky B2+ωordered phase can be removed completely after 1340℃HIPping.However,the ordered phase was precipitated again around the colony boundaries after creep.It is deduced that the refractory elements W,Nb still distribute nearby after the HIPping due to sluggish diffusion.They would contribute to the re-precipitation of B2+ωduring long-time creep under the high temperature and high stress.It is therefore concluded that the removing of B2+ωby HIPping is not an effective way to strengthen theα_2 andγlamellae in TiAl alloys.
在700℃,150～300MPa应力下进行恒应力拉伸蠕变实验,研究并讨论了B2+ω偏聚相对合金在不同应力下的蠕变性能的影响。结果显示,两种状态的下的该合金即使是在700℃,300MPa应力下经历1000小时长时间蠕变后,仍处于稳态蠕变阶段,没有发生断裂现象。含W的全板条合金显示出了良好的蠕变性能。并且发现,含有B2+ω偏聚相的显微结构比不含该偏聚相的显微结构表现出更好的蠕变性能,在200～300MPa之间存在蠕变控制机理的转变。
对显微组织进行详细的扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,结果显示,粗大γ板条含有较高的位错密度,在板条尖端和反向畴界以及α_2/γ界面发现了位错塞积现象。α_2+γ板条表现出相对好的稳定性。偶尔发现粗大α_2板条发生了平行分解,仅少量γ板条生成变形孪晶,没有发现板条断开和发生球化的现象。
研究表明,块状B2+ω偏聚相在1340℃下热等静压处理后被完全消除,但是,此有序相在蠕变后又重新出现在晶界。在热等静压处理消除块状B2+ω偏聚相之后,晶界仍残留了细小颗粒或者线状B2相,由于难溶元素W,Nb扩散缓慢,仍然集中在初生B2+ω相被消除的区域附近,在高温高应力蠕变过程中,它们对B2+ω沉淀相重新偏聚将作出贡献。因此可以得出这样的结论:对于TiAl合金,通过热等静压处理消除B2+ω偏聚相并不是强化α_2+γ板条的有效方法。
The creep behavior of a fine-grained cast TiAl alloy with nominal chemical composition of Ti-44Al-5Nb-0.85W-0.85B(at.%) was studied.The material was HIPped(hot isostatic pressed) at the temperatures of 1260℃and 1340℃respectively to produce different microstructures:the B2+ωphase was segregated at lamellar colony boundaries after 1260℃HIPping,and it was completely removed after 1340℃HIPping.
Tensile creep tests were performed at the temperature of 700℃under a constant stress ranging from 150MPa to 300MPa.The influence of B2+ωprecipitates on creep under different stresses was studied and discussed.The results showed that the two conditions of the cast alloy subjected to creep for up to 1000 hours,even at the temperature of 700℃and at the stress of 300MPa,were still in the secondary creep regime,no fracture occurred.This reveals a good creep resistance for the W-containing fully lamellar TiAl alloy.Also found is that the fully lamellar microstructure with B2+ωsegregation shows a better creep resistance than that without B2+ωsegregation.Creep mechanism has been found to change between 200MPa and 300MPa.
The microstructure evaluation was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results showed that coarseγlaths contained a relatively high dislocation density.Dislocation pile-ups were observed among lamellar tips,antiphase domain boundaries andα_2/γinterfaces.Theα_2+γlamellae exhibit relatively high stability.Parallel decomposition of coarseα_2 laths was rarely found,the deformation twins were found only inγlaths,and no any lamellae were observed to break-up and globularise.
The research has found that that blocky B2+ωordered phase can be removed completely after 1340℃HIPping.However,the ordered phase was precipitated again around the colony boundaries after creep.It is deduced that the refractory elements W,Nb still distribute nearby after the HIPping due to sluggish diffusion.They would contribute to the re-precipitation of B2+ωduring long-time creep under the high temperature and high stress.It is therefore concluded that the removing of B2+ωby HIPping is not an effective way to strengthen theα_2 andγlamellae in TiAl alloys.
引文
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