河砂与风化料复合路基沉降变形特性研究
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摘要
本文以青临高速公路建设为工程依托,由于青临高速公路所经临沂市河东区路段全部为填方路基,而该地区土质筑路资源匮乏,因此,采用河砂和风化料为路基填料。研究河砂和风化料的路用性能可以极大地丰富和发展这一领域的成果并起到指导施工、保证工程质量和加快进度的目的。
本文通过室内试验,研究砂和风化料的物理及力学特性,主要测试项目包括含颗粒级配、比重、砂的含泥量、击实试验、毛细上升高度、直剪试验和三轴试验等。试验结果表明砂和风化料的路用性能很好,适合作为路基填料。在青临高速经过的临沂市河东区第20、21合同段范围内,选择长220m试验段(桩号K189+580～K189+800),以河砂和风化料为主要的路基填料,通过采用不同的填筑方式(纯砂芯路基、纯风化料路基和河砂-风化料复合路基)、压实方式、河砂和风化料的压实标准、路基排水方式和上封层材料从而最终确定合理的填砂-风化料路基的施工工艺。利用室内试验测得砂和风化料的力学参数,使用FLAC3D分别对纯砂芯路基、纯风化料路基和河砂-风化料复合路基三种填筑方式下路基的变形特性进行数值模拟,并且分析路基高度、路基填筑速率和地下水位等不同影响因数对路基沉降特性的影响,研究填砂-风化料复合路基的沉降特性及其沉降规律。计算结果表明：①路堤的最大沉降量发生在路堤中心。三种不同填筑方式下,风化料路堤的沉降量最大,河砂-风化料复合路堤的沉降量次之,砂路堤的沉降量最小。②随着路基高度的增加,三种填筑方式下地基的沉降量和工后沉降均增加；随着地下水位的降低和路基填筑速率的增加,三种填筑方式下路基的沉降和工后沉降均增加。
同时,利用指数曲线、指数曲线组合函数曲线、双曲线、泊松曲线模型对试验路段的实测数据进行数据拟合分析,可知,对于三种断面下的实测数据指数曲线组合函数曲线拟合效果均最好,双曲线和泊松曲线次之,指数曲线较差。
The paper was finished with the background of Qin-Lin highway construction. The Linyi city where the highway pass through were filling subgrade but the soil resources there, was scarce. There were a lot of river sand and weather material in the Linyi city, Therefore, the sand and weather material will become the best option. Therefore, study on road performance of sand and weather material could Enriched and developed the results of the field and ensured the quality and speeded up the construction.
Representative of sand and weather material was chosen for particles gradation test, specific gravity test, mud content test, compaction test, capillary rise test, direct shear test and triaxial test in order to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of sand and weather material. Test results showed that sand and weather material has good road performance and were suitable for road fillings.
In the regions where the highway pass through, it was chosen 220m road for test road. It was mainly used sand and weather material as filling materials, through different filling ways (pure sand, pure weather material and sand-weather material composite roadbed), compaction ways, compaction standards, drainage ways, up-sealing layer materials in order to determine the construction techniques of roadbed. During construction of test road, buried related components instrument in order to monitor the road settlement. FLAC3D software was used to investigate the deformation properties of roadbed in the three filling ways by the parameters through laboratory test. The factors of road height, filling rate and ground water level was also considered to investigate the impact on roadbed and the law of depositional deformation. It showed that the biggest settlement happened in the center of the embankment. The settlement of weather material embankment was biggest, composite embankment taken the second place and sand embankment had the least settlement. As the height of embankment increased, the settlement and settlement after of all three kind of roadbed increased. As the level of groundwater decreased and filling rate increased, the settlement and settlement after of all three kind of roadbed increased.
It also used exponential curve, combined exponential curve, hyperbola and poisson curve models to fit and predict the measured data. Results showed that Combined exponential curve had the best fitting, hyperbola and poisson curve took the second place and exponential curve had the worst fitting effect.
本文通过室内试验,研究砂和风化料的物理及力学特性,主要测试项目包括含颗粒级配、比重、砂的含泥量、击实试验、毛细上升高度、直剪试验和三轴试验等。试验结果表明砂和风化料的路用性能很好,适合作为路基填料。在青临高速经过的临沂市河东区第20、21合同段范围内,选择长220m试验段(桩号K189+580～K189+800),以河砂和风化料为主要的路基填料,通过采用不同的填筑方式(纯砂芯路基、纯风化料路基和河砂-风化料复合路基)、压实方式、河砂和风化料的压实标准、路基排水方式和上封层材料从而最终确定合理的填砂-风化料路基的施工工艺。利用室内试验测得砂和风化料的力学参数,使用FLAC3D分别对纯砂芯路基、纯风化料路基和河砂-风化料复合路基三种填筑方式下路基的变形特性进行数值模拟,并且分析路基高度、路基填筑速率和地下水位等不同影响因数对路基沉降特性的影响,研究填砂-风化料复合路基的沉降特性及其沉降规律。计算结果表明：①路堤的最大沉降量发生在路堤中心。三种不同填筑方式下,风化料路堤的沉降量最大,河砂-风化料复合路堤的沉降量次之,砂路堤的沉降量最小。②随着路基高度的增加,三种填筑方式下地基的沉降量和工后沉降均增加；随着地下水位的降低和路基填筑速率的增加,三种填筑方式下路基的沉降和工后沉降均增加。
同时,利用指数曲线、指数曲线组合函数曲线、双曲线、泊松曲线模型对试验路段的实测数据进行数据拟合分析,可知,对于三种断面下的实测数据指数曲线组合函数曲线拟合效果均最好,双曲线和泊松曲线次之,指数曲线较差。
The paper was finished with the background of Qin-Lin highway construction. The Linyi city where the highway pass through were filling subgrade but the soil resources there, was scarce. There were a lot of river sand and weather material in the Linyi city, Therefore, the sand and weather material will become the best option. Therefore, study on road performance of sand and weather material could Enriched and developed the results of the field and ensured the quality and speeded up the construction.
Representative of sand and weather material was chosen for particles gradation test, specific gravity test, mud content test, compaction test, capillary rise test, direct shear test and triaxial test in order to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of sand and weather material. Test results showed that sand and weather material has good road performance and were suitable for road fillings.
In the regions where the highway pass through, it was chosen 220m road for test road. It was mainly used sand and weather material as filling materials, through different filling ways (pure sand, pure weather material and sand-weather material composite roadbed), compaction ways, compaction standards, drainage ways, up-sealing layer materials in order to determine the construction techniques of roadbed. During construction of test road, buried related components instrument in order to monitor the road settlement. FLAC3D software was used to investigate the deformation properties of roadbed in the three filling ways by the parameters through laboratory test. The factors of road height, filling rate and ground water level was also considered to investigate the impact on roadbed and the law of depositional deformation. It showed that the biggest settlement happened in the center of the embankment. The settlement of weather material embankment was biggest, composite embankment taken the second place and sand embankment had the least settlement. As the height of embankment increased, the settlement and settlement after of all three kind of roadbed increased. As the level of groundwater decreased and filling rate increased, the settlement and settlement after of all three kind of roadbed increased.
It also used exponential curve, combined exponential curve, hyperbola and poisson curve models to fit and predict the measured data. Results showed that Combined exponential curve had the best fitting, hyperbola and poisson curve took the second place and exponential curve had the worst fitting effect.
引文
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[2]公路工程施工技术规范[M].中华人民共和国交通部,2006
[3]姚松柏.崇明岛接线工程填砂路基施工技术[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[4]李飨民.全断面填砂路基施工技术研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[5]杨文东.云母类中高级变质岩风化料压实性能研究[D].山东大学硕士论文,2001.
[6]Frempong, EM. Conparative assessment of sand and lime stabilization of residual micaceous compressible, soils for road construction. Geotechniacl and Geological Engineering v13 n4 Dec 1995. p 181-198.
[7]Frempong, EM. Conparative assessment of some residual micaceous soils in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. Bulletin of the international Association of Engineering Geology n49 Apr1994,p47-54.
[8]史迅.三峡坝区道路路基风化砂填料的压实试验与研究[J].公路.1999,32-38.
[9]孙明.水泥石灰稳定风化料在高等级公路路面底基层中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化.2005,5.
[10]杨世基.公路填石路堤压实[J].公路交通科技.1999,4.
[11]肖桃李.高速公路软土地基沉降分析及工后沉降预测[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[12]杨有辉.高填方路基沉降变形规律及工后沉降控制标准研究[D],重庆交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[13]王引生.高速公路软土地基的沉降问题[J].中国公路学报.1993.6(1)
[14]殷宗泽.高等级公路沉降计算[M].河海大学,上海市政工程设计研究院.1995
[15]李镜培,何长根.地基沉降的预测方法[J].上海公路.2001(3)：2^6
[16]Skempton A.W, Bjerrum L A contribution to settlement analysis of foundation onclay,1957(7):168-17
[17]徐军海.高速公路软土地基沉降反演与预测研究[D].南京河海大学硕士论文,2004
[18]郑治.路堤自身压缩的分层总和法[J].华东公路1996.05.
[19]王俊蒲.高速公路软土地基沉降特性研究[D].河北工业大学硕士学位论文,2002
[20]肖巧林.高填方路堤软土地基沉降的研究[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2005
[21]折学森.软土地基沉降计算[M].北京,人民交通出版社,1985.
[22]钱家欢、殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].中国水利水电出版社,1996.
[23]刘鹏,陈泽松等.高速公路软土路基沉降预测方法分析[J].土工基础,2005.6.
[24]董汉刚,胡建军.高速公路软土路基沉降机理及计算方法[J].岩土力学,2002.23(增).
[25]周焕云,黄晓明.高速公路软土地基沉降预测方法综述[J].交通运输工程学报,2002.2.
[26]刘银生,杨东援.公路软土地基总沉降预测研究[J].公路交通科技,1999.16.
[27]王深艳.高填方路基沉降变形规律计算分析与研究[D].重庆交通学院硕士学位论文,2005.
[28]王志亮.软基路堤沉降预测和计算[D].河海大学博士论文.2004
[29]赵亚歌白,高速公路软土地基沉降量的人工神经网络预测[D].东北林业大学硕士学位论文,2006
[30]张登攀,路基沉降观测数据处理及预测模型研究[D].长砂理工大学硕士学位论文,2008
[31]李俊.上海路基填土CBR值现状及提高[M].道路工程学会学术交流会论文集,人民交通出版社,2000.
[32]柴贺军,阎宗岭,贾学明.土石混填路基修筑技术[M],人民交通出版社,2009.
[33]张鲁渝等.有限元强度折减系数法计算土坡稳定安全系数的精度研究[J].水利学报.2003(1)：21-26.
[34]杨有辉.高填方路基沉降变形规律及工后沉降控制标准研究[D],重庆交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[35]张鲁渝等.有限元强度折减系数法计算土坡稳定安全系数的精度研究[J].水利学报.2003(1)：21-26.
[36]谢欣.湖南省高速公路路基沉降预测方法研究[D],中南大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[37]周焕云,黄晓明.高速公路软土地基沉降预测方法综述闭[J].交通运输工程学报,2002,2(4)：7～10.
[38]徐军海.高速公路软土路基沉降反演与预测研究[D].南京：河海大学,2004
[39]谢欣.湖南省高速公路路基沉降预测方法研究[D],中南大学硕士学位论文,2006
[40]冯文凯,刘汉.超修正双曲线法在路基沉降变形初期的应用与探讨[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2001,12(3)：60～63
[41]华南理工大学,东南大学,浙江大学,湖南大学编.地基及基础(第三版)[M]北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[42]Gibson R E & Lo K Y.A.Theory Of Consolidation for Soils Exhibiting Secondary Compression[J].Norweigian Geotechnical Institute,Proc,1991,(41):3～5
[43]冯震,祝海涛,熊仲华.泊松模型预测路基沉降[J].华东地质学院学报,2003,26(4)：264～266
[44]宰金眠,梅国雄.成长曲线在地基沉降预测中应用[J].南京建筑工程学报,000,(2)：8-13
[2]公路工程施工技术规范[M].中华人民共和国交通部,2006
[3]姚松柏.崇明岛接线工程填砂路基施工技术[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[4]李飨民.全断面填砂路基施工技术研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[5]杨文东.云母类中高级变质岩风化料压实性能研究[D].山东大学硕士论文,2001.
[6]Frempong, EM. Conparative assessment of sand and lime stabilization of residual micaceous compressible, soils for road construction. Geotechniacl and Geological Engineering v13 n4 Dec 1995. p 181-198.
[7]Frempong, EM. Conparative assessment of some residual micaceous soils in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. Bulletin of the international Association of Engineering Geology n49 Apr1994,p47-54.
[8]史迅.三峡坝区道路路基风化砂填料的压实试验与研究[J].公路.1999,32-38.
[9]孙明.水泥石灰稳定风化料在高等级公路路面底基层中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化.2005,5.
[10]杨世基.公路填石路堤压实[J].公路交通科技.1999,4.
[11]肖桃李.高速公路软土地基沉降分析及工后沉降预测[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[12]杨有辉.高填方路基沉降变形规律及工后沉降控制标准研究[D],重庆交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[13]王引生.高速公路软土地基的沉降问题[J].中国公路学报.1993.6(1)
[14]殷宗泽.高等级公路沉降计算[M].河海大学,上海市政工程设计研究院.1995
[15]李镜培,何长根.地基沉降的预测方法[J].上海公路.2001(3)：2^6
[16]Skempton A.W, Bjerrum L A contribution to settlement analysis of foundation onclay,1957(7):168-17
[17]徐军海.高速公路软土地基沉降反演与预测研究[D].南京河海大学硕士论文,2004
[18]郑治.路堤自身压缩的分层总和法[J].华东公路1996.05.
[19]王俊蒲.高速公路软土地基沉降特性研究[D].河北工业大学硕士学位论文,2002
[20]肖巧林.高填方路堤软土地基沉降的研究[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2005
[21]折学森.软土地基沉降计算[M].北京,人民交通出版社,1985.
[22]钱家欢、殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].中国水利水电出版社,1996.
[23]刘鹏,陈泽松等.高速公路软土路基沉降预测方法分析[J].土工基础,2005.6.
[24]董汉刚,胡建军.高速公路软土路基沉降机理及计算方法[J].岩土力学,2002.23(增).
[25]周焕云,黄晓明.高速公路软土地基沉降预测方法综述[J].交通运输工程学报,2002.2.
[26]刘银生,杨东援.公路软土地基总沉降预测研究[J].公路交通科技,1999.16.
[27]王深艳.高填方路基沉降变形规律计算分析与研究[D].重庆交通学院硕士学位论文,2005.
[28]王志亮.软基路堤沉降预测和计算[D].河海大学博士论文.2004
[29]赵亚歌白,高速公路软土地基沉降量的人工神经网络预测[D].东北林业大学硕士学位论文,2006
[30]张登攀,路基沉降观测数据处理及预测模型研究[D].长砂理工大学硕士学位论文,2008
[31]李俊.上海路基填土CBR值现状及提高[M].道路工程学会学术交流会论文集,人民交通出版社,2000.
[32]柴贺军,阎宗岭,贾学明.土石混填路基修筑技术[M],人民交通出版社,2009.
[33]张鲁渝等.有限元强度折减系数法计算土坡稳定安全系数的精度研究[J].水利学报.2003(1)：21-26.
[34]杨有辉.高填方路基沉降变形规律及工后沉降控制标准研究[D],重庆交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[35]张鲁渝等.有限元强度折减系数法计算土坡稳定安全系数的精度研究[J].水利学报.2003(1)：21-26.
[36]谢欣.湖南省高速公路路基沉降预测方法研究[D],中南大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[37]周焕云,黄晓明.高速公路软土地基沉降预测方法综述闭[J].交通运输工程学报,2002,2(4)：7～10.
[38]徐军海.高速公路软土路基沉降反演与预测研究[D].南京：河海大学,2004
[39]谢欣.湖南省高速公路路基沉降预测方法研究[D],中南大学硕士学位论文,2006
[40]冯文凯,刘汉.超修正双曲线法在路基沉降变形初期的应用与探讨[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2001,12(3)：60～63
[41]华南理工大学,东南大学,浙江大学,湖南大学编.地基及基础(第三版)[M]北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[42]Gibson R E & Lo K Y.A.Theory Of Consolidation for Soils Exhibiting Secondary Compression[J].Norweigian Geotechnical Institute,Proc,1991,(41):3～5
[43]冯震,祝海涛,熊仲华.泊松模型预测路基沉降[J].华东地质学院学报,2003,26(4)：264～266
[44]宰金眠,梅国雄.成长曲线在地基沉降预测中应用[J].南京建筑工程学报,000,(2)：8-13
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