椰壳基活性炭吸附去除空气中有害物的试验研究
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摘要
随着生活质量的提高,人们开始追求舒适的居住环境,选择各种美观的装饰材料,然而这些材料中存在着一些对人体有害的物质,如苯系物、有机挥发物、甲醛等,污染着人们的生活环境中的空气,影响人们的身体健康,并且诱发各种疾病。因此,对室内和室外空气的治理成为近年来的研究热点。
本文分析了室内空气污染的特性和国内外的研究情况,分析了目前常见的室内空气治理方法利弊,确定了吸附试验的工艺路线。以微波水蒸气活化制备的椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂,吸附室内空气有害气体——苯系物和TVOC,研究了影响活性炭吸附有害气体的各种因素,并与市售的活性炭吸附效果进行了吸附对比试验,结果如下:
(1)微波椰壳基活性炭吸附苯系物的试验。
测定了不同粒度的微波椰壳基活性炭对苯系物的吸附曲线,得到最佳工艺条件:室温条件下,气体流速为15m~3/h时,5g粒度为10目的活性炭在8天内苯系物的吸附总量为300mg,将试验箱内超标15000倍的苯系物降为0。
(2)微波椰壳基活性炭吸附TVOC的试验。
测定了不同粒度的微波椰壳基活性炭对TVOC的吸附曲线,得到最佳工艺条件:室温条件下,气体流速为15m~3/h时,5g粒度为10目的活性炭在8天内加入TVOC的吸附总量为410mg,将试验箱内超标6900倍的TVOC降为0。
通过试验研究结果表明,以微波水蒸气活化法制备的椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂吸附苯系物和TVOC,其工艺是可行的,为微波水蒸气活化法制备的椰壳基活性炭在空气净化领域的应用作了铺垫。
With the improved quality of life, people started to search for a comfortable living environment and choose beautiful decorative materials. However, these materials contain many poisonous substances, such as BETX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene and xylenes), TVOC (volatile organic compounds) and formaldehyde, which directly contaminate the atmosphere, affect people's health, and induce diseases. Therefore, increased attention has been paid in recent years to the treatment of indoor and outdoor air pollution.
In this article, by analyzing the indoor air pollution characteristics, discussing the present domestic and foreign research situations, and investigating the pros and cons of common room air treatment methods, the adsorption experiments were performed and the optimal process route was determined. The coconut shell based activated carbon (AC) prepared under the microwave-steam activation was taken as the absorbent to adsorb the indoor noxious gases of BETX and TVOC. The effect of the properties of AC on the adsorption of noxcious gases was studied. The contrast tests of adsorption were carried out between the coconut shell based AC and commercial AC. Moreover, using the modified activated carbon as the absorbent for formaldehyde, the influence of ACs under different modified conditions on the adsorption of formaldehyde was also investigated. The XPS was used to analyze the change of the surface functional groups of AC. The main conclusions are listed as follows:
(1) Adsorptions of BETX by the coconut shell based AC
The adsorption curve of activated carbon with different granularity to the BETX was determined. The influence factors of adsorption were studied and the optimal process conditions were obtained: Under the room temperature, the gas velocity of 15m~3/h, 5g activated carbon with the granularity of 10 mesh could adsorb 300 mg BETX compounds in eight days, which reduce the concentration of BETX from beyond the conventional standard 15,000 times to zero.
(2) Adsorptions of TVOC by the coconut shell based AC
The adsorption curve of activated carbon with different granularity to the TVOC was determined. The influence factors of adsorption were studied and the optimal process conditions were obtained: Under the room temperature, the gas velocity of 15m~3/h, 5g activated carbon with the granularity of 10 mesh could adsorb 410 mg TVOC compounds in eight days, which reduce the concentration of TVOC from beyond the conventional standard 6,900 times to zero.
The experimental study result indicated that, taken the coconut shell based AC as the absorbent adsorption BTEX and TVOC, its craft is feasible, should serve as the upholstery for the coconut shell activated carbon in the air purification domain
本文分析了室内空气污染的特性和国内外的研究情况,分析了目前常见的室内空气治理方法利弊,确定了吸附试验的工艺路线。以微波水蒸气活化制备的椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂,吸附室内空气有害气体——苯系物和TVOC,研究了影响活性炭吸附有害气体的各种因素,并与市售的活性炭吸附效果进行了吸附对比试验,结果如下:
(1)微波椰壳基活性炭吸附苯系物的试验。
测定了不同粒度的微波椰壳基活性炭对苯系物的吸附曲线,得到最佳工艺条件:室温条件下,气体流速为15m~3/h时,5g粒度为10目的活性炭在8天内苯系物的吸附总量为300mg,将试验箱内超标15000倍的苯系物降为0。
(2)微波椰壳基活性炭吸附TVOC的试验。
测定了不同粒度的微波椰壳基活性炭对TVOC的吸附曲线,得到最佳工艺条件:室温条件下,气体流速为15m~3/h时,5g粒度为10目的活性炭在8天内加入TVOC的吸附总量为410mg,将试验箱内超标6900倍的TVOC降为0。
通过试验研究结果表明,以微波水蒸气活化法制备的椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂吸附苯系物和TVOC,其工艺是可行的,为微波水蒸气活化法制备的椰壳基活性炭在空气净化领域的应用作了铺垫。
With the improved quality of life, people started to search for a comfortable living environment and choose beautiful decorative materials. However, these materials contain many poisonous substances, such as BETX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene and xylenes), TVOC (volatile organic compounds) and formaldehyde, which directly contaminate the atmosphere, affect people's health, and induce diseases. Therefore, increased attention has been paid in recent years to the treatment of indoor and outdoor air pollution.
In this article, by analyzing the indoor air pollution characteristics, discussing the present domestic and foreign research situations, and investigating the pros and cons of common room air treatment methods, the adsorption experiments were performed and the optimal process route was determined. The coconut shell based activated carbon (AC) prepared under the microwave-steam activation was taken as the absorbent to adsorb the indoor noxious gases of BETX and TVOC. The effect of the properties of AC on the adsorption of noxcious gases was studied. The contrast tests of adsorption were carried out between the coconut shell based AC and commercial AC. Moreover, using the modified activated carbon as the absorbent for formaldehyde, the influence of ACs under different modified conditions on the adsorption of formaldehyde was also investigated. The XPS was used to analyze the change of the surface functional groups of AC. The main conclusions are listed as follows:
(1) Adsorptions of BETX by the coconut shell based AC
The adsorption curve of activated carbon with different granularity to the BETX was determined. The influence factors of adsorption were studied and the optimal process conditions were obtained: Under the room temperature, the gas velocity of 15m~3/h, 5g activated carbon with the granularity of 10 mesh could adsorb 300 mg BETX compounds in eight days, which reduce the concentration of BETX from beyond the conventional standard 15,000 times to zero.
(2) Adsorptions of TVOC by the coconut shell based AC
The adsorption curve of activated carbon with different granularity to the TVOC was determined. The influence factors of adsorption were studied and the optimal process conditions were obtained: Under the room temperature, the gas velocity of 15m~3/h, 5g activated carbon with the granularity of 10 mesh could adsorb 410 mg TVOC compounds in eight days, which reduce the concentration of TVOC from beyond the conventional standard 6,900 times to zero.
The experimental study result indicated that, taken the coconut shell based AC as the absorbent adsorption BTEX and TVOC, its craft is feasible, should serve as the upholstery for the coconut shell activated carbon in the air purification domain
引文
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