济阳坳陷桩西潜山走滑断裂特征及圈闭描述
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摘要
本文以桩西潜山走滑断裂为重点研究对象,对走滑断裂构造特征及其控制因素进行了大量的分析工作。充分利用三维地震资料,结合相干分析等研究手段,对与桩西潜山走滑断裂有关的构造组合和构造样式进行了剖析,在此基础上,划分了桩西潜山前古近系圈闭类型,确定了有利的油气勘探区。
研究结果表明,桩西潜山走滑构造主要发生在Es3-Es2下时期、Es2上-Ed时期和Ng-Nm时期,根据产状可分为近南北向走滑系统和北东向走滑系统。
Es3-Es2下沉积时期,由于济阳坳陷和渤中坳陷伸展量的差异,以及桩西地区内部近东西向断裂的伸展量的差异,在古桩西断裂等断裂的影响下,产生众多不同级别的近南北向走滑断裂。这一时期也是桩西潜山的形成时期,在南北向剖面上,桩西潜山表现为受两组X型断层控制的地垒构造,在东西向剖面上,表现为受近南北向走滑断裂控制的背形构造。Es2上-Ed沉积时期,是近南北向走滑作用向北东向走滑作用过渡的时期,近南北向基底走滑断裂持续活动,但并未通达地表直接控制沉积作用,而是在沉积地层中产生了大量的羽状T断裂,并具有明显的递进变形现象,同时由于郯庐断裂右行走滑作用的参与,在桩西潜山的中部和东部又新形成了两条大型北东向断裂带,使桩西潜山山头一方面进一步隆升,并使潜山山头向北东方向偏转。Ng-Nm沉积时期主要是对Es2上-Ed沉积时期形成的构造体制的继承和强化,断裂的控制作用减弱,进入盆地的坳陷阶段,但潜山中部走滑断裂持续活动,X型正断层进一步强化。
桩西潜山走滑断裂具有自相似特征。其中长堤断裂、孤东断裂和垦东断裂呈左阶雁列状分布,是整个沾化东部走滑断裂带最高一级的雁列状R断裂。使用投影覆盖法研究得出在整个断裂系统影响下,桩西潜山山头也具有分形特征,该特征主要受走滑断层控制。
综合桩西潜山走滑断裂以及断裂组合关系,识别出多种与走滑构造有关的构造组合和构造样式。桩西潜山典型的构造组合和构造样式分为三类十种:平面上的发辫状构造组合和构造样式、马尾状构造样式、S型构造组合和构造样式、梳状构造组合和构造样式、羽状构造组合和构造样式;剖面上的弧形构造组合和构造样式、花状构造组合和构造样式、X型构造组合和构造样式;以及平剖面结合的丝带状和海豚状构造组合和构造样式。
桩西潜山前古近系圈闭类型多样,与油气生成时期一致,是有利的油气勘探区。圈闭主要在喜山期形成,受到走滑断层、伸展断层、逆冲断层和层间滑脱断层的控制,主要有入字形圈闭、X型断裂圈闭、背形圈闭和层内滑脱形成的圈闭。由于构造活动的继承性,以及多样的构造组合关系,不同圈闭类型也具有明显的复合关系,从而组成复合型圈闭,走滑断层发育的地区最有利于复合圈闭的形成,也是有利的油气勘探区。
This dissertation regards Zhuangxi Buried Hill as the object of the research, and analysis the characteristics of strike-slip fault structure and factors of control. It dissects structure’s combination and style in connection with Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip fault ,by using three dimensional seismic data and the way of coherent analysis. On this basis, it divides the type of entrapment of Zhuangxi Buried Hill Paleogene and confirms the area where it is advantageous for oil exploration.
The results of the research shows that Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip structure occurred in the period of Es3-Es2below, Es2above-Ed and Ng-Nm. According to attitude the strike-slip structure can be divided into nearly ns-trending strike-slip system and ne-trending strike-slip system
At the precipitation period of Es3-Es2below,when Zhuangxi Buried Hill formed, due to the difference of elongation between Jiyang Depression and Bozhong Depression and the difference of fault’s elongation at the transmeridional elongation, the fault of western Guzhuang engendered lots of different levels of nearly ns-trending strike-slip fault. On north-southern profile, the style of Zhuangxi Buried Hill is horst structure controlled by 2 groups of X fault, while on east-western it is nearly antiform controlled by nearly north-southern strike-slip fault. At the period of Es2above-Ed, when the affection of nearly north-southern strike-slip turn to be the affection of north-eastern strike-slip, nearly north-southern basement strike-slip continued motioning, but it had not been controlled by the earth’s surface yet, with emerging lots of pinniform of T fault in the sedimentary stratum and having obvious progressive deformation. At the same time, due to the affection of Tanlu fault zone ,there are fresh two large north-eastern fault zone in the east and middle part of Zhuangxi Buried Hill, which render the mountain of Zhuangxi Buried Hill rise and turn to north-east. The tectonic regime formed during the period of Es2above-Ed was strengthened during the period of Ng-Nm and went into downwarpingregion of basin, with rifting weakening. At the same time, strike-slip fault continued being active, which make X pattern strengthened.
There is self-similarity character in Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip fault. Changdi fault, Gudong fault and Kendong fault are left-orderly en echelon array which is the highest level of en echelon R fault in the east part of Zhanhua. Under the affection of the whole fault system researched by using projective cover, there is fractal character, which is controlled by strike-slip fault, at the mountain of Zhuangxi Buried Hill.
Sorts of structural combinations or styles relating to strike-slip structure can be recognized by synthesizing the relationship of Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip and fault complex. Structural combinations or styles of Zhuangxi Buried Hill can be divided into three types, ten kinds in total. Plait structural combinations or styles, horsetail structural styles, S-shaped structural combinations or styles, comb structural combinations or styles and pinniform structural combinations or styles in the plane, camber structural combinations or styles, blühend structural combinations or styles and X-shaped structural combinations or styles in the profile and plane-profile riband and dolphin-shaped structural combinations or styles.
Because the types of Zhuangxi Buried Hill Paleogene entrapment are multitudinous and same to type of oil-generated period, it is advantageous for oil exploration in the area. Entrapment mainly occurred during Himalayan, and was controlled by strike-slip fault, spread fault, thrust belt and sub-detachment fault. While the types of entrapment are X-shaped entrapment, anti-form entrapment and sub-detachment controlling entrapment. Due to succession of tectonic activity and sorts of structural combination, different types of entrapment can become mulriple entrapment. It is the most advantageous for oil exploration.
研究结果表明,桩西潜山走滑构造主要发生在Es3-Es2下时期、Es2上-Ed时期和Ng-Nm时期,根据产状可分为近南北向走滑系统和北东向走滑系统。
Es3-Es2下沉积时期,由于济阳坳陷和渤中坳陷伸展量的差异,以及桩西地区内部近东西向断裂的伸展量的差异,在古桩西断裂等断裂的影响下,产生众多不同级别的近南北向走滑断裂。这一时期也是桩西潜山的形成时期,在南北向剖面上,桩西潜山表现为受两组X型断层控制的地垒构造,在东西向剖面上,表现为受近南北向走滑断裂控制的背形构造。Es2上-Ed沉积时期,是近南北向走滑作用向北东向走滑作用过渡的时期,近南北向基底走滑断裂持续活动,但并未通达地表直接控制沉积作用,而是在沉积地层中产生了大量的羽状T断裂,并具有明显的递进变形现象,同时由于郯庐断裂右行走滑作用的参与,在桩西潜山的中部和东部又新形成了两条大型北东向断裂带,使桩西潜山山头一方面进一步隆升,并使潜山山头向北东方向偏转。Ng-Nm沉积时期主要是对Es2上-Ed沉积时期形成的构造体制的继承和强化,断裂的控制作用减弱,进入盆地的坳陷阶段,但潜山中部走滑断裂持续活动,X型正断层进一步强化。
桩西潜山走滑断裂具有自相似特征。其中长堤断裂、孤东断裂和垦东断裂呈左阶雁列状分布,是整个沾化东部走滑断裂带最高一级的雁列状R断裂。使用投影覆盖法研究得出在整个断裂系统影响下,桩西潜山山头也具有分形特征,该特征主要受走滑断层控制。
综合桩西潜山走滑断裂以及断裂组合关系,识别出多种与走滑构造有关的构造组合和构造样式。桩西潜山典型的构造组合和构造样式分为三类十种:平面上的发辫状构造组合和构造样式、马尾状构造样式、S型构造组合和构造样式、梳状构造组合和构造样式、羽状构造组合和构造样式;剖面上的弧形构造组合和构造样式、花状构造组合和构造样式、X型构造组合和构造样式;以及平剖面结合的丝带状和海豚状构造组合和构造样式。
桩西潜山前古近系圈闭类型多样,与油气生成时期一致,是有利的油气勘探区。圈闭主要在喜山期形成,受到走滑断层、伸展断层、逆冲断层和层间滑脱断层的控制,主要有入字形圈闭、X型断裂圈闭、背形圈闭和层内滑脱形成的圈闭。由于构造活动的继承性,以及多样的构造组合关系,不同圈闭类型也具有明显的复合关系,从而组成复合型圈闭,走滑断层发育的地区最有利于复合圈闭的形成,也是有利的油气勘探区。
This dissertation regards Zhuangxi Buried Hill as the object of the research, and analysis the characteristics of strike-slip fault structure and factors of control. It dissects structure’s combination and style in connection with Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip fault ,by using three dimensional seismic data and the way of coherent analysis. On this basis, it divides the type of entrapment of Zhuangxi Buried Hill Paleogene and confirms the area where it is advantageous for oil exploration.
The results of the research shows that Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip structure occurred in the period of Es3-Es2below, Es2above-Ed and Ng-Nm. According to attitude the strike-slip structure can be divided into nearly ns-trending strike-slip system and ne-trending strike-slip system
At the precipitation period of Es3-Es2below,when Zhuangxi Buried Hill formed, due to the difference of elongation between Jiyang Depression and Bozhong Depression and the difference of fault’s elongation at the transmeridional elongation, the fault of western Guzhuang engendered lots of different levels of nearly ns-trending strike-slip fault. On north-southern profile, the style of Zhuangxi Buried Hill is horst structure controlled by 2 groups of X fault, while on east-western it is nearly antiform controlled by nearly north-southern strike-slip fault. At the period of Es2above-Ed, when the affection of nearly north-southern strike-slip turn to be the affection of north-eastern strike-slip, nearly north-southern basement strike-slip continued motioning, but it had not been controlled by the earth’s surface yet, with emerging lots of pinniform of T fault in the sedimentary stratum and having obvious progressive deformation. At the same time, due to the affection of Tanlu fault zone ,there are fresh two large north-eastern fault zone in the east and middle part of Zhuangxi Buried Hill, which render the mountain of Zhuangxi Buried Hill rise and turn to north-east. The tectonic regime formed during the period of Es2above-Ed was strengthened during the period of Ng-Nm and went into downwarpingregion of basin, with rifting weakening. At the same time, strike-slip fault continued being active, which make X pattern strengthened.
There is self-similarity character in Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip fault. Changdi fault, Gudong fault and Kendong fault are left-orderly en echelon array which is the highest level of en echelon R fault in the east part of Zhanhua. Under the affection of the whole fault system researched by using projective cover, there is fractal character, which is controlled by strike-slip fault, at the mountain of Zhuangxi Buried Hill.
Sorts of structural combinations or styles relating to strike-slip structure can be recognized by synthesizing the relationship of Zhuangxi Buried Hill strike-slip and fault complex. Structural combinations or styles of Zhuangxi Buried Hill can be divided into three types, ten kinds in total. Plait structural combinations or styles, horsetail structural styles, S-shaped structural combinations or styles, comb structural combinations or styles and pinniform structural combinations or styles in the plane, camber structural combinations or styles, blühend structural combinations or styles and X-shaped structural combinations or styles in the profile and plane-profile riband and dolphin-shaped structural combinations or styles.
Because the types of Zhuangxi Buried Hill Paleogene entrapment are multitudinous and same to type of oil-generated period, it is advantageous for oil exploration in the area. Entrapment mainly occurred during Himalayan, and was controlled by strike-slip fault, spread fault, thrust belt and sub-detachment fault. While the types of entrapment are X-shaped entrapment, anti-form entrapment and sub-detachment controlling entrapment. Due to succession of tectonic activity and sorts of structural combination, different types of entrapment can become mulriple entrapment. It is the most advantageous for oil exploration.
引文
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