大杨树盆地含油气远景综合评价
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摘要
本文在充分收集大杨树盆地已有资料、深入分析各项样品、综合应用各类成果的基础上,以断陷盆地油气勘探地质理论为指导,以全区物性资料分布和特征为基础,以重磁电震联合反演为手段,以解决地层分布、构造特征、烃源岩发育状况为重点,以综合评价该盆地含油气远景为目的,用地震成果为骨架、钻井成果为主要约束、重磁电成果为联络,进行综合地质研究。
综合盆地现有的综合物探资料,研究建立了适应此类盆地的重磁电震联合反演方法,在确定该区密度、磁性、电性等差异与主要地层和岩性对应性的基础上,解决了大杨树盆地相关基础地质问题。
根据综合地球物理的剖面特征、平面分布特征,在研究建立适合该区地质模型的基础上,研究区域构造、沉积岩展布特征和油气资源前景,成果表明:
1、盆地构造上具有东西分带,南北分块,北北东向展布的特点,将大杨树盆地可划分为南部坳陷区,南部隆起区,中部坳陷区,中部隆起区和北部坳陷区5个一级构造单元, 16个二级构造单元;
2、盆地断裂十分发育,大部分断层的延伸方向为近南北向和北北东向,有少量断层的延伸方向为北北西和北东、北东东向。断裂最大连续延伸长度近200km,最大垂直断距可达3400.00m,水平断距最大值可达6.0km;
3、大杨树盆地地层自下而上有南平组、龙江组、九峰山组和甘河组,以龙江组、九峰山组和甘河组为主,九峰山组分布最广,南平组分布局限。南部坳陷的最大地层厚度达4300m,中部坳陷的最大地层厚度达3400m,北部坳陷的最大地层厚度达2400m,
4、南部坳陷暗色泥岩和煤层发育,烃源岩主要分布于坳陷区的断凹带,烃源岩厚度均由断凹带中中央向边部变薄。暗色泥岩占沉积岩总厚度的14.6%,煤层占沉积岩总厚度的1.5%,暗色泥岩和煤层,占沉积岩总厚度的16.15%。龙江—南平组、九峰山组、甘河组的最大烃源岩厚度分别达60m、160m和70m以上。九峰山组正常沉积岩和细相带是大杨树盆地主要烃源岩发育层位;
5、大杨树盆地烃源岩有机碳含量为1.14%～3.14%,总烃含量0.01～0.067%。H/C原子比为0.3%～1.0%,O/C原子比为0.06%～0.25%,有机质类型主要为腐殖型,次为腐泥型,生烃潜量0.07mg/g～8.59mg/g,表明大杨树盆地烃源岩具有一定的生烃潜力,存在生烃的物质基础。
6、盆地发育有孔—缝发育的中基性熔岩、孔—缝发育的酸性熔岩、孔—缝发育的粗粒火山碎屑岩、冲积相成因的砂砾岩、孔隙发育的基底花岗岩等5类储层;龙江组、九峰山组及甘河组发育的致密火山熔岩、火山凝灰岩、泥岩、泥质粉砂岩,岩石结构致密,孔隙、裂隙不发育,构成了大杨树盆地油气的盖层;大杨树盆地不仅存在大量构造圈闭。作为火山多期喷发的断陷盆地,也存在火山岩岩性圈闭和正常沉积岩岩性圈闭;
7、大杨树盆地总生气量为71502.3×108m3,总的生油量为279111.1×104t,总排气量为41404.07×108m3,总的排油量为100639.6×104t。九峰山组生排油气量均居首位。参考松辽及其它外围盆地的研究成果,结合大杨树盆地的具体地质条件,油、气的聚集系数分别选取10%和1%,该区天然气可聚集量为414.0407×108m3,石油可聚集量为10063.96×104t,按1225 m3气折算为1t油计算,大杨树盆地的油气总资源量相当于1.338×108t油,具有很大的勘探潜力。
8、大杨树盆地南部坳陷最有利的油气勘探区带是宝山长吉岗背斜带和格尼断凹带,六合屯构造、兴隆堡构造、中心屯构造、东富德构造具有良好储盖条件,圈闭类型好,发育层位多,靠近生油坳陷,且近邻生排油气高值区,是大杨树盆地首选的油气勘探目标。
With the guidance of Oil & Gas exploration theory of rift-subsidence basin and basing on the distribution and characters of petrophysical property data in the whole area, the paper makes a comprehensive study in Dayangshu Basin after collecting existed data, analyzing all the samples carefully and applying each study fruits comprehensively. In order to evaluate the oil and gas exploration prospect of the basin comprehensively, the study, using joint inversion with gravity, magnetism, electrical survey and seismic exploration, solves mainly conditions of formation distribution, structure feature and source rocks development. Considering generally existing comprehensive geophysical survey data, we established a method using joint inversion with gravity, magnetism, electrical survey and seismic exploration and solved relating basic geological questions basing on the study of regional differences in density, magnetic and electronic property etc. and corresponding relations of major formations and lithological characters.
According to the section features and plane distribution of compositive geophysical survey, we established suitable geological model and researched regional structure, sedimentary rocks distribution and petroleum exploration prospect. The research results show: 1. The structure of Dayangshu Basin presents the characters of two belts in east and west, two blocks in south and north, and stretching in NNE direction. Five first-order such as South Depression, South Uplift, Middle Depression, Middle Uplift and North Depression and sixteen second-order structural elements have been divided in the basin; 2. A large number of faults are developed in the basin and the stretching directions of most of them are close to SN and NNE, and only a few of faults are in NNW, NE and NEE directions. The maximum extending length of faults is near 200km and the maximum normal and horizontal throw can reach 3400.0m and 6.0km, respectively;
3. The formations developed in Dayangshu Basin form bottom to top are Nanping, Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe. Among them, Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formations are the principal ones and the area of Jiufengshan Formation is the biggest whereas Nanping Formation is distribution-limited. The maximum thickness of South Sag, Middle Sag and North Sag is 4300m, 3400m and 2400m, respectively;
4. Dark mud rocks and coal beds are found in South Depression with source rocks in fault-depression belts. The source rocks become thinner form the center to the margin. The Dark mud rocks and coal beds account for 16.15 percent of the total sedimentary rocks, with 14.6 percent of dark mud rocks and 1.5 percent coal beds. The maximum thickness of source rocks of Longjiang-Nanping, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formation is over 60m, 160m and 70m, respectively.The normal sedimentary rocks and fine sedimentary facies are the main source rocks developed in Dayangshu Basin;
5. TOC of source rocks in Dayangshu Basin is 1.14~3.14 percent and the total hydrocarbon content is 0.01~0.067 percent, H/C is 0.3~1.0 percent and O/C is 0.06~0.25percent. The main type of organic matter is humic type and the second is sapropel type, S1+S2 is 0.07~8.59mg/g, these mean that the source rocks in Dayangshu Basin is of some potential and material base for hydrocarbon generation;
6. Five types of reservoirs have been proved to be existed in the basin, that is neutral-basic lava, acidic lava and coarse pyroclastic rocks with pores and cracks developed, and glutinite origin in alleviation and basement granite with pores. Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formations develop tight volcanic lava, volcanic tuffaceous, mud stone and shaly siltstone, the composition of rocks is tight, and pores and cracks are rare, which make up the cap rocks of the basin; Being the rift-subsidence basin with multiphase volcanic extrusion, there are not only lots of structural traps but also volcanic and normal sedimentary rocks lithology traps developed in the Dayangshu Basin;
7. The total gas amount generated in the Dayangshu Basin is 71502.3×108 cubic meters and the total oil amount is 279111.1×104 tons, the total gas amount expulsed 41404.07×108 cubic meters and the total oil amount expulsed is 100639.6×104 tons. The generated and expulsed amount of oil and gas from Jiufengshan Formation is the most. Referring to Songliao Basin and other peripheral basins and combining actual geological conditions of Dayangshu basin, the accumulative coefficient of oil and gas chosen in Dayangshu Basin is 10 and 1 per cent, respectively. The available accumulative oil and gas amount is 10063.96×104 tons and 414.0407×108 cubic meters, respectively. If reducing 1225 cubic meters gas to 1 ton oil, the total resource quantity in Dayangshu Basin is equal to 1.338×108 tons oil and the basin is of quite well exploration potency.
8. The favorite petroleum exploration belts in South Depression in Dayangshu Basin are Baoshanchangjigang anticlinal belts and Geni fault-depression belts. Structures such as Liuhetun, Xinglongpu, Zhongxintun and Dongfude, having favorable reservoirs and cap rocks conditions and good trap types, developing multi formations and closing to oil-generating depression, are the first objectives for exploration activity in Dayangshu Basin.
综合盆地现有的综合物探资料,研究建立了适应此类盆地的重磁电震联合反演方法,在确定该区密度、磁性、电性等差异与主要地层和岩性对应性的基础上,解决了大杨树盆地相关基础地质问题。
根据综合地球物理的剖面特征、平面分布特征,在研究建立适合该区地质模型的基础上,研究区域构造、沉积岩展布特征和油气资源前景,成果表明:
1、盆地构造上具有东西分带,南北分块,北北东向展布的特点,将大杨树盆地可划分为南部坳陷区,南部隆起区,中部坳陷区,中部隆起区和北部坳陷区5个一级构造单元, 16个二级构造单元;
2、盆地断裂十分发育,大部分断层的延伸方向为近南北向和北北东向,有少量断层的延伸方向为北北西和北东、北东东向。断裂最大连续延伸长度近200km,最大垂直断距可达3400.00m,水平断距最大值可达6.0km;
3、大杨树盆地地层自下而上有南平组、龙江组、九峰山组和甘河组,以龙江组、九峰山组和甘河组为主,九峰山组分布最广,南平组分布局限。南部坳陷的最大地层厚度达4300m,中部坳陷的最大地层厚度达3400m,北部坳陷的最大地层厚度达2400m,
4、南部坳陷暗色泥岩和煤层发育,烃源岩主要分布于坳陷区的断凹带,烃源岩厚度均由断凹带中中央向边部变薄。暗色泥岩占沉积岩总厚度的14.6%,煤层占沉积岩总厚度的1.5%,暗色泥岩和煤层,占沉积岩总厚度的16.15%。龙江—南平组、九峰山组、甘河组的最大烃源岩厚度分别达60m、160m和70m以上。九峰山组正常沉积岩和细相带是大杨树盆地主要烃源岩发育层位;
5、大杨树盆地烃源岩有机碳含量为1.14%～3.14%,总烃含量0.01～0.067%。H/C原子比为0.3%～1.0%,O/C原子比为0.06%～0.25%,有机质类型主要为腐殖型,次为腐泥型,生烃潜量0.07mg/g～8.59mg/g,表明大杨树盆地烃源岩具有一定的生烃潜力,存在生烃的物质基础。
6、盆地发育有孔—缝发育的中基性熔岩、孔—缝发育的酸性熔岩、孔—缝发育的粗粒火山碎屑岩、冲积相成因的砂砾岩、孔隙发育的基底花岗岩等5类储层;龙江组、九峰山组及甘河组发育的致密火山熔岩、火山凝灰岩、泥岩、泥质粉砂岩,岩石结构致密,孔隙、裂隙不发育,构成了大杨树盆地油气的盖层;大杨树盆地不仅存在大量构造圈闭。作为火山多期喷发的断陷盆地,也存在火山岩岩性圈闭和正常沉积岩岩性圈闭;
7、大杨树盆地总生气量为71502.3×108m3,总的生油量为279111.1×104t,总排气量为41404.07×108m3,总的排油量为100639.6×104t。九峰山组生排油气量均居首位。参考松辽及其它外围盆地的研究成果,结合大杨树盆地的具体地质条件,油、气的聚集系数分别选取10%和1%,该区天然气可聚集量为414.0407×108m3,石油可聚集量为10063.96×104t,按1225 m3气折算为1t油计算,大杨树盆地的油气总资源量相当于1.338×108t油,具有很大的勘探潜力。
8、大杨树盆地南部坳陷最有利的油气勘探区带是宝山长吉岗背斜带和格尼断凹带,六合屯构造、兴隆堡构造、中心屯构造、东富德构造具有良好储盖条件,圈闭类型好,发育层位多,靠近生油坳陷,且近邻生排油气高值区,是大杨树盆地首选的油气勘探目标。
With the guidance of Oil & Gas exploration theory of rift-subsidence basin and basing on the distribution and characters of petrophysical property data in the whole area, the paper makes a comprehensive study in Dayangshu Basin after collecting existed data, analyzing all the samples carefully and applying each study fruits comprehensively. In order to evaluate the oil and gas exploration prospect of the basin comprehensively, the study, using joint inversion with gravity, magnetism, electrical survey and seismic exploration, solves mainly conditions of formation distribution, structure feature and source rocks development. Considering generally existing comprehensive geophysical survey data, we established a method using joint inversion with gravity, magnetism, electrical survey and seismic exploration and solved relating basic geological questions basing on the study of regional differences in density, magnetic and electronic property etc. and corresponding relations of major formations and lithological characters.
According to the section features and plane distribution of compositive geophysical survey, we established suitable geological model and researched regional structure, sedimentary rocks distribution and petroleum exploration prospect. The research results show: 1. The structure of Dayangshu Basin presents the characters of two belts in east and west, two blocks in south and north, and stretching in NNE direction. Five first-order such as South Depression, South Uplift, Middle Depression, Middle Uplift and North Depression and sixteen second-order structural elements have been divided in the basin; 2. A large number of faults are developed in the basin and the stretching directions of most of them are close to SN and NNE, and only a few of faults are in NNW, NE and NEE directions. The maximum extending length of faults is near 200km and the maximum normal and horizontal throw can reach 3400.0m and 6.0km, respectively;
3. The formations developed in Dayangshu Basin form bottom to top are Nanping, Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe. Among them, Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formations are the principal ones and the area of Jiufengshan Formation is the biggest whereas Nanping Formation is distribution-limited. The maximum thickness of South Sag, Middle Sag and North Sag is 4300m, 3400m and 2400m, respectively;
4. Dark mud rocks and coal beds are found in South Depression with source rocks in fault-depression belts. The source rocks become thinner form the center to the margin. The Dark mud rocks and coal beds account for 16.15 percent of the total sedimentary rocks, with 14.6 percent of dark mud rocks and 1.5 percent coal beds. The maximum thickness of source rocks of Longjiang-Nanping, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formation is over 60m, 160m and 70m, respectively.The normal sedimentary rocks and fine sedimentary facies are the main source rocks developed in Dayangshu Basin;
5. TOC of source rocks in Dayangshu Basin is 1.14~3.14 percent and the total hydrocarbon content is 0.01~0.067 percent, H/C is 0.3~1.0 percent and O/C is 0.06~0.25percent. The main type of organic matter is humic type and the second is sapropel type, S1+S2 is 0.07~8.59mg/g, these mean that the source rocks in Dayangshu Basin is of some potential and material base for hydrocarbon generation;
6. Five types of reservoirs have been proved to be existed in the basin, that is neutral-basic lava, acidic lava and coarse pyroclastic rocks with pores and cracks developed, and glutinite origin in alleviation and basement granite with pores. Longjiang, Jiufengshan and Ganhe formations develop tight volcanic lava, volcanic tuffaceous, mud stone and shaly siltstone, the composition of rocks is tight, and pores and cracks are rare, which make up the cap rocks of the basin; Being the rift-subsidence basin with multiphase volcanic extrusion, there are not only lots of structural traps but also volcanic and normal sedimentary rocks lithology traps developed in the Dayangshu Basin;
7. The total gas amount generated in the Dayangshu Basin is 71502.3×108 cubic meters and the total oil amount is 279111.1×104 tons, the total gas amount expulsed 41404.07×108 cubic meters and the total oil amount expulsed is 100639.6×104 tons. The generated and expulsed amount of oil and gas from Jiufengshan Formation is the most. Referring to Songliao Basin and other peripheral basins and combining actual geological conditions of Dayangshu basin, the accumulative coefficient of oil and gas chosen in Dayangshu Basin is 10 and 1 per cent, respectively. The available accumulative oil and gas amount is 10063.96×104 tons and 414.0407×108 cubic meters, respectively. If reducing 1225 cubic meters gas to 1 ton oil, the total resource quantity in Dayangshu Basin is equal to 1.338×108 tons oil and the basin is of quite well exploration potency.
8. The favorite petroleum exploration belts in South Depression in Dayangshu Basin are Baoshanchangjigang anticlinal belts and Geni fault-depression belts. Structures such as Liuhetun, Xinglongpu, Zhongxintun and Dongfude, having favorable reservoirs and cap rocks conditions and good trap types, developing multi formations and closing to oil-generating depression, are the first objectives for exploration activity in Dayangshu Basin.
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