用户名: 密码: 验证码:
三相内循环生物流化床处理生活污水的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
三相内循环生物流化床是一种新型的污水处理工艺,它将传统的活性污泥法和生物膜法有机结合并引入化工流态化技术,具有高负荷、高效率等特点,是一种极具发展前途的污水处理工艺。本文首先研究了三相内循环生物流化床的水力学特性、载体挂膜特性、污水处理效果以及有机物降解动力学等,然后根据实验室研究结果,设计并考察了三相内循环生物流化床处理生活污水的中试效果。
     试验结果表明:内筒底部距曝气板的距离Δh是设计过程中的一个重要参数,它影响了反应器模型、内循环速度和氧传递性能等方面。当反应器结构确定后,进气量是影响反应器性能的一个重要因素:进气量的大小决定了液相中的氧浓度,控制进气量可以实现控制内循环速度的目的,从而控制载体上的生物膜厚度。不同的水力停留时间对载体上生物膜的形成至关重要:HRT=4h时发现硝化菌附着在载体上,而异养碳源菌悬浮存在于反应器内;HRT=1h两种微生物都只在载体上生长。当HRT从20mins增加到60mins时,COD去除率从75%增加到93%左右;而NH_4~+-N去除率在85%~93%之间的范围内变化。
     中试研究表明,三相内循环生物流化床作为厌氧沼气池后续处理工艺是可行的。
Three-Phases Inner Loop Bio-fluidized Bed is new kind of wastewater biological treatment process, which integrates traditional activated sludge wastewater treatment process with biofilm technology. It is a promising wastewater treatment process because of its high loading and efficiency. Hydraulics, the formation of biofilms, effect of wastewater treatment and the model of organic degradation were presented firstly in this paper. Then a pilot scale reactor was designed according to the results in the lab to treat domestic wastewater.
    The experimental results showed that the distance between inner tube and bottom of the reactor(Ah)was an important parameter, which affected the model of reactor, inner circle velocity and oxygen transfer efficiency. Volumetric gas rate was another parameter except the factors of reactor's structure, which impacted on the oxygen concentration in the bulk water and inner circle velocity. The effect of Hydraulic Retention Time(HRT) on the formation of biofilms was obvious, low HRT benefited the formation of biofilms. Autotrophic nitrifying organisms were developed on the surface of the carriers, while heterotrophic microorganisms were suspended in the reactor when HRT was equal to 4h; whereas both microorganisms grew on the carriers when HRT was equal to 1h. COD and NH/-N removal rate changed from 75% to 93% and 85% to 93% respectively when HRT increased from 20mins to
    
    
    60mins. The pilot scale experiment showed that it was acceptable for Three-Phases Inner Loop Bio-fluidized Bed Process as the following treatment step of anaerobic biogas digester.
引文
1 国家环境保护局.1995年环境状况公报.环境保护,1996,223(7):2~5
    2 顾润南.我国城市污水处理方法述评.环境保护,2001,(9):46~47
    3 李克国.城市污水处理厂建设的环境经济政策分析.环境保护,2001,(2):11~12
    4 吴宗文.生物流化床处理污水技术.河北煤炭建筑工程学院学报,1994,(1):66~72
    5 孙寿家,王军.内套管式生物流化床氧的气液传质特性.哈尔滨工业大学学报,1992,24(3):43~48
    6 邢国平,顾平,朱文亭.循环载体生物过滤技术的研究.中国给水排水,1997,13(5):9~11
    7 韦朝海,梁世中,吴超飞.废水处理生物流化床中O_2传递特性的研究.环境科学与技术,1996,72(1):13~16
    8 周平,何嘉汉,钱易.内循环三相生物流化床反应器的相含率及氧传递特性研究.环境科学学报,1996,16(2):211~215
    9 唐传祥.好氧生物流化床废水处理技术.化工给排水设计,1994,2:34~39
    10 Jeris J. S. J. Wat. Pollut. Control. 1977, 49(15): 816
    11 Hoyland G. Wat. Pollut. Control. 1983, 82(4): 479
    12 Cooper P. F. Wat. Pollut. Control. 1981, 81(4): 447
    13 三菱重工技报.1982,19[5]
    14 Tatsuhiko Suzuki et al. A New Sewage Treatment System with Fluidized Pellet Bed Separator. Wat. Sci. Tech. 1993, 27(11): 185~192
    15 栾金义.复合生物流化床流动特性的研究.第五届全国流态化会议文集,1990,(4):211~214
    16 胡宗定.磁性生物流化床特性的研究.化工学报,1998,(1):120~126
    17 邓洪权.内循环三相生物流化床启动特性实验研究.环境科学与技术,2001,93(1):12~15
    18 肖宏亮.三相流化床生物反应器在降解有机废水方面的应用.现代化工,1997,(3):15~18
    
    
    19 巫惠湘.用生物流化床处理制革废水的实验.皮革科技,1989,18(4):25~30
    20 黄延林.生物流化床去除水中DBRS先质的实验研究.环境工程,1998,16(4):28~32
    21 郑礼胜.内循环三相生物流化床处理生活污水.中国环境科学,1999,19(1):51~55
    22 周平.内循环生物流化床处理石化废水的中试研究.环境科学,1997,18(1):26~29
    23 周平等.内循环生物流化床处理丙烯酸废水的实验.环境科学,1994,16(1):58~61.
    24 贾立敏.气提反应器在油脂废水处理中的应用.给水排水,1999,25(5):25~28
    25 张仲燕等.生物三相流化床处理COD废水工艺条件研究.上海环境科学,1993,12(4):5~8
    26 胡宗定等.磁性生物流化床特性的研究.化工学报,1988(1):120~126
    27 翁达聪等.气液固三相磁场流态化气化特性及液态返混.第五届全国流态化会议文集,1990年4月.清华园
    28 许保玖,龙腾锐.当代给水与废水处理原理.高等教育出版社,2000.5
    29 朱联锡.空气污染控制工程.成都.成都科技大学出版社.1990
    30 Fuird Benyahia, Lynn Jones. Scale effects on hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of external loop airlift reactors[J]. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol., 1997, 69: 301-308
    31 韦朝海等.新型内构件内循环二相流化床氧传递特性的研究.中国环境科学,2001,21(6):507~510
    32 周平,等.内循环生物流化床反应器载体挂膜特性的研究.环境科学,1998(1):68~72
    33 J. J. Heijnen, et al. Formation of biofilm in a biofilm air-lift suspension reactor. Water Sci. Tech. 1992, 26(3-4): 647~654
    34 L. Tijhuis, et al. Formation and growth of heterotrophic aerobic biofilms on small suspended particles in airlift reactors. Biotech. and Bioeng.. 1994, 44(5): 595~608
    35 W. A. J. van Benthum, et al. Control of heterotrophic layer formation on nitrifying biofilms in a biofilm airlift suspension reactor. Biotech. and Bioeng.. 1997, 53(4): 397~405
    36 Wanner O. et al. Mathematical sludge process combined with biofilm cultivation. Water Res. 1988,22:207~215
    37 Okabe S. et al. Dynamic changes in spatial microbial distribution in mixed-population biofilms: experimental results and model simulation. Water Sci. Technol. 1995,32:67~74
    
    
    38 Okabe S. et al. Spatial microbial distribution of nitrifiers and heterotrophs in mixed-population biofilms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1996,50:24~35
    39 Tijhuis L. et al. Influence of detachment, substrate loading and reactor scale on the formation of biofilms in airlift reacotors. Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol. 1996,45:7~17
    40 De Beer D. et al. Effects of biofilm structures on oxygen distribution and mass transfer[J]. Biotech. and Bioeng.. 1994, 43(11): 1131~1138
    41 Massit-Deya A A. et al. Channel structures in aerobic biofilms of fixed-film reactors treating contaminated groundwater[J]. Appl Envir Microb. 1995, 61(3): 769~777
    42 朱涛,李泉临.推广城镇居民生活污水净化沼气技术面临的问题及发展对策.中国沼气,2001,19(2):47~49
    43 崔俊华,等.三相生物流化床处理合油废水的试验研究.环境污染与防治,2001,23(6):296~298;
    44 郑礼胜,等.内循环三相生物流化床处理生活污水.中国环境科学,1999,19(1):51~55
    45 周平,等.内循环生物流化床处理石化废水的中试研究.环境科学,1997,18(1):26~29

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700