油套管水压试验装置结构设计及力学性能研究
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摘要
通过分析国内外油套管试压工艺与设备的研究与应用现状,阐述了不同结构形式的油套管试压装置的工作原理及其密封机理。针对油套管试压装置密封的工作特点,设计了一套新型试压装置。该装置主要由承载机架、驱动机构、夹紧机构、密封总成等结构组成。
承载机架采用工字梁为主体的钢结构焊接形式,并进行了有限元分析。
驱动机构包括电机、减速器、链传动、丝杠螺母副。建立了丝杠螺母副力学模型;进行了丝杠螺母副的耐磨性、自锁性、强度及稳定性计算;对驱动机构进行了有限元分析。
密封头采用两端移动方式,通过驱动小车带动密封头运动。密封方式采用钢骨架大间隙径向外抱式强制密封,密封件为钢骨架径向可压缩式,在密封压力源的作用下产生变形,形成对试压介质的密封,密封压力可达70MPa。对密封壳体进行了有限元分析,其中对密封壳体进行了结构上的改进,适当增加孔的尺寸,降低应力,改换材料,达到降低成本的目的。
建立夹紧机构的力学模型,进行了夹紧力的计算和油套管稳定性安全系数的计算,并对夹紧机构进行了有限元分析。
在理论研究的基础上,开展了油套管实验系统试压性能的现场实验研究工作。实验表明,该装置能够承担70MPa试压压力下的各种载荷,表明试压装置性能良好,满足设计要求。
By analyzing the study of the domestic and foreign petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test technology and current application status quo of the equipment, the structure of the different forms of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test unit is put forward, the sealing mechanism and the working principle is disclosed. According to the work characteristics of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test unit, a new type of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic unit is developed. The unit is mainly composed of carrying rack, driving mechanism, clamping mechanism, sealing assembly.
Welding steel structure and“I”form beam as the main beam are adopted, and finite element analysis is done for the carrying rack.
Driving mechanism include motor, reducer, chain driving and lead screw-nut pairs. The mechanical model of the lead screw-nut pairs is built, wear resistance, self-locking, strength and stability are checked. Finite element analysis of the driving mechanism is done.
Both of the sealing head are mobile, and they are driven by driving car. The sealing style of steel skeleton, big gaps, radial, outside compelling hermetic is adopted, the sealing part is the steel skeleton radial compressible, deformation will occur under the effect of the sealing pressure source, forming the hermetic force in order to seal the petroleum tube and casing. Seal pressure amounts to 70 MPa. Finite element analysis of the driving mechanism is done, an sealing shell is carried out to structural improvements, appropriate sizes are increased, stress value is reduced, the purpose of reducing costs is achieved by changing another material.
Structure design of clamping mechanism include composition, working principle, the mechanical model of clamping mechanism set up, the calculation of clamping force, as well as the safety factor calculations of tube and casing’s stability.
On the basis of theory study, field test research on hydrostatic properties of the tube and casing hydrostatic test system is carried out. Experiment shows that tube and casing have no leakage in the pressure 70MPa and keeping pressure 10~20s, the performances of the hydrostatic test unit are good and can meet the design requests.
承载机架采用工字梁为主体的钢结构焊接形式,并进行了有限元分析。
驱动机构包括电机、减速器、链传动、丝杠螺母副。建立了丝杠螺母副力学模型;进行了丝杠螺母副的耐磨性、自锁性、强度及稳定性计算;对驱动机构进行了有限元分析。
密封头采用两端移动方式,通过驱动小车带动密封头运动。密封方式采用钢骨架大间隙径向外抱式强制密封,密封件为钢骨架径向可压缩式,在密封压力源的作用下产生变形,形成对试压介质的密封,密封压力可达70MPa。对密封壳体进行了有限元分析,其中对密封壳体进行了结构上的改进,适当增加孔的尺寸,降低应力,改换材料,达到降低成本的目的。
建立夹紧机构的力学模型,进行了夹紧力的计算和油套管稳定性安全系数的计算,并对夹紧机构进行了有限元分析。
在理论研究的基础上,开展了油套管实验系统试压性能的现场实验研究工作。实验表明,该装置能够承担70MPa试压压力下的各种载荷,表明试压装置性能良好,满足设计要求。
By analyzing the study of the domestic and foreign petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test technology and current application status quo of the equipment, the structure of the different forms of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test unit is put forward, the sealing mechanism and the working principle is disclosed. According to the work characteristics of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic test unit, a new type of petroleum tube and casing hydrostatic unit is developed. The unit is mainly composed of carrying rack, driving mechanism, clamping mechanism, sealing assembly.
Welding steel structure and“I”form beam as the main beam are adopted, and finite element analysis is done for the carrying rack.
Driving mechanism include motor, reducer, chain driving and lead screw-nut pairs. The mechanical model of the lead screw-nut pairs is built, wear resistance, self-locking, strength and stability are checked. Finite element analysis of the driving mechanism is done.
Both of the sealing head are mobile, and they are driven by driving car. The sealing style of steel skeleton, big gaps, radial, outside compelling hermetic is adopted, the sealing part is the steel skeleton radial compressible, deformation will occur under the effect of the sealing pressure source, forming the hermetic force in order to seal the petroleum tube and casing. Seal pressure amounts to 70 MPa. Finite element analysis of the driving mechanism is done, an sealing shell is carried out to structural improvements, appropriate sizes are increased, stress value is reduced, the purpose of reducing costs is achieved by changing another material.
Structure design of clamping mechanism include composition, working principle, the mechanical model of clamping mechanism set up, the calculation of clamping force, as well as the safety factor calculations of tube and casing’s stability.
On the basis of theory study, field test research on hydrostatic properties of the tube and casing hydrostatic test system is carried out. Experiment shows that tube and casing have no leakage in the pressure 70MPa and keeping pressure 10~20s, the performances of the hydrostatic test unit are good and can meet the design requests.
引文
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[4]李连进,王惠斌.CAE技术在石油套管设计中的应用[J].石油矿场机械,2004,33(3): 24~26.
[5]吕小容等.有限元分析(ANSYS)在产品设计中的应用[J].新疆农机化,2004,3:25~26.
[6]李连进,沈淑君.数值仿真技术在石油套管制造中应用的展望[J].天津冶金, 2004, 6: 35~37.
[7]刘东菊,陈书帛.400型套管水压试验机的研制与设计[J].石油机械,2001,29(11):28~ 30.
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[9]邓东升,李伟,苏爱明等.油套管静水压试验的型式与结构[J].石油矿场机械,2004,33 (3):72~75.
[10]李如东,孙文平.石油套管水压试验装置的改进[J].油田地面工程, 1986, 5(3): 27~31.
[11]李如东,孙文平,全富.石油套管水压试验装置[J].油田地面工程,1987,15(3):45-51.
[12]李伟.全自动石油油管(套管)静水压试验装置的改进[J].石油矿场机械,2001,30(1): 16~18.
[13]黄明新.石油套管试压机及其管端密封装置[J].机械工程师,1999,4:14~15.
[14]王中华,王德钢,魏学诚.径向密封式套管静水压检测设备研制[J].液压与气动,2002 (9):25~26.
[15]许友林,王善永.一种新型超高压管体密封装置[J].机械工程师,2004,9:52.
[16]山西省化工研究所.聚胺酯弹性体手册[M].北京:北京化学工业出版社,2000,10~15.
[17]柴红卫等.新型二次密封试压装置[J].机械工程师,2001,10:50~51.
[18]李文亭.新型油管试压小车及应用[J].设备管理与维修,2004,12:27.
[19] API Spec 5CT套管和油管规范[S].第三版,1990.
[20]王平.50MPa(Ф177.8)石油套管静水压试验机的改造[J].石油矿场机械,2006,35(1): 104～105.
[21]张乐乐,谭南林等.ANSYS辅助分析应用基础教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社2006,3~5.
[22]曾攀.有限元分析及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004,3~6.
[23]商跃进.有限元原理与ANSYS应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005,1~13.
[24]薛守义.有限单元法[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2006,1~2.
[25] Lee, C. K.; Wu, G. J. Shear lag analysis by the adaptive finite element method-1. Analysis of simple plated structures[J].Thin-Walled Structures, 2000,38(4):311-336.
[26] Falco, S. A. Analysis and optimal design of plates and shells under dynamic loads-1[J]. Finite element and sensitivity analysis.2004,27(3):189-196.
[27] Augarde, C. E.; Burd, H. J. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of lined tunnels[J]. Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics.2001, 25(3):243-262.
[28] El-Abbasi, N.; Meguid, S. A.; Czekanski, A. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of saddle supported pressure vessels[J]. Mechanical Sciences. 2001, 43(5):1229-1242.
[29] Parikh, S. K.; Ranadive, M. S. Modelling of geotechnical materials in respect of finite element analysis of tunnel deformations[J].Civil Engineering Division. 2001, 82(12):139-144.
[30] Valliappan, S.; Qi, K. Finite element analysis of a 'smart' damper for seismic structural control[J]. Computers and Structures. 2003, 81(8-11): 1009-1017.
[31]张毅杰等.基于UG和ANSYS的桥壳有限元结构分析[J].煤矿机械,2007,28(11):71~73.
[32]王聪兴等.CY-2型地下铲运机驱动桥壳强度分析与结构改进[J].工程机械,2005,36 (9):12~14.
[33]高湛等.变电构架中刚性法兰的有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2005,35(1):294~297.
[34]余欢等.变电构架中加劲肋法兰节点有限元分析[J].武汉大学学报,2007,40(10):204~208.
[35] Moon, H. K.; Lee, M. C.; Joun, M. S. An approximate efficient finite element approach to simulating a rotary forming process and its application to a wheel-bearing assembly[J]. Finite elements in Analysis and Design, 2007,44(1):17-23.
[36]唐应时等.基于整车虚拟仿真的某越野车后桥壳计算分析[J].湖南科技大学学报, 2006,21(3):39~42.
[37] Mohsenimanesh, A; Ward, S. M.; Gilchrist, M. D. Stress analysis of a multi-laminated tractor tyre using non-linear 3D finite element analysis[J].Materials and Design. 2009, 30(4): 1124-1132.
[38]李克安等.燃气轮机吊具有限元结构分析[J].湖南理工学院学报,2008,21(1):45~48.
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