新民低渗透储层测井资料饱和度解释方法研究
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摘要
随着油田勘探开发的不断深入,低渗透油气储层已经成为油田勘探开发的重点。对低渗透储层含水饱和度的分析也成为测井评价中面临的首要问题。适合中高孔渗的饱和度解释模型已经不能满足油田开发现状,因此,需要对储层进行详细的低渗透分析,建立针对低渗透油藏的饱和度解释模型。
针对研究区储层的低渗透性特点,通过分析沉积作用和成岩作用对研究区低渗透储层的影响,得出不同沉积微相储层的物性差异较大、粒度细和成分成熟度较低是造成储层低渗透特征的主要原因。同时成岩压实、胶结作用使得储层的孔隙度、渗透性进一步减小、变差,而溶蚀作用和成岩缝的产生又在很大程度上改善了储层的低渗透特征。通过对研究区7口取心井、9口试油井以及11口综合录井资料的分析对比,建立了“四性”关系,确定了油层岩性、物性、含油性以及电性的下限。并建立了储层泥质含量、孔隙度、渗透率等解释模型,模型求取的参数精度较高,满足定量解释的要求。通过对比分析阿尔奇公式和其他饱和度模型,结合岩电实验数据对阿尔奇公式进行了改进,将地层因素F和孔隙度φ的拟合关系确定为非线性关系,并据此改进了适合研究区低渗透储层的含水饱和度模型。将模型应用在研究区,解释结果与试油结论及密闭取心结果均有很好的对应,解释精度比较高,在实际应用中取得了很好的应用效果。
With oil field exploration, low permeable reservoir has become a key exploration of oil Analyse water saturation of reservoir become the primary portant problem in logging evaluation. At present, the logging interpretation models which suitable for high porosity can't satisfy the development present situation, therefore, detailed analysis of the low permeable reservoir genesis should be done to establish a suitable water saturation models for low permeable reservoir.
According to the low permeability characteristics of the reservoir, obtained a reason that the different sedimentary microfacies petrophysics's difference, the tiny granularity and the lower maturation of composition are main reasons for Low permeable reservoir, through the analysis of deposition and diagenesis's influence on the low permeable reservoir in the oilfield. Compaction and cementation of the diagenesis makes the role of reservoir porosity, permeability get worse and worse. On the contrary, dissolition and rock crevices improved the low permeability of the reservoir to a great extent.
Through the analyses and contrast the seven coring wells, nine test wells and eleven logging data, established four-property-relationships, determined the reservoir's limits of the reservoir lithology, physical properties, oil content and electrical. And established the reservoir interpretation models as argillaceous content, porosity, permeability, etc. The model with high precision and meets the quantitative parameters of the request. Through the comparative analysis the Archie formula and other saturation model, and combining with logging data regression, improved the Archie formula, and determined formation factors F and porosity fitting the relationship of nonlinear. And saturation model which is suitable for low permeable reservoir is proposed. The model is applied in the study area, the explain results, test results and sealed coring are corresponding very well.
针对研究区储层的低渗透性特点,通过分析沉积作用和成岩作用对研究区低渗透储层的影响,得出不同沉积微相储层的物性差异较大、粒度细和成分成熟度较低是造成储层低渗透特征的主要原因。同时成岩压实、胶结作用使得储层的孔隙度、渗透性进一步减小、变差,而溶蚀作用和成岩缝的产生又在很大程度上改善了储层的低渗透特征。通过对研究区7口取心井、9口试油井以及11口综合录井资料的分析对比,建立了“四性”关系,确定了油层岩性、物性、含油性以及电性的下限。并建立了储层泥质含量、孔隙度、渗透率等解释模型,模型求取的参数精度较高,满足定量解释的要求。通过对比分析阿尔奇公式和其他饱和度模型,结合岩电实验数据对阿尔奇公式进行了改进,将地层因素F和孔隙度φ的拟合关系确定为非线性关系,并据此改进了适合研究区低渗透储层的含水饱和度模型。将模型应用在研究区,解释结果与试油结论及密闭取心结果均有很好的对应,解释精度比较高,在实际应用中取得了很好的应用效果。
With oil field exploration, low permeable reservoir has become a key exploration of oil Analyse water saturation of reservoir become the primary portant problem in logging evaluation. At present, the logging interpretation models which suitable for high porosity can't satisfy the development present situation, therefore, detailed analysis of the low permeable reservoir genesis should be done to establish a suitable water saturation models for low permeable reservoir.
According to the low permeability characteristics of the reservoir, obtained a reason that the different sedimentary microfacies petrophysics's difference, the tiny granularity and the lower maturation of composition are main reasons for Low permeable reservoir, through the analysis of deposition and diagenesis's influence on the low permeable reservoir in the oilfield. Compaction and cementation of the diagenesis makes the role of reservoir porosity, permeability get worse and worse. On the contrary, dissolition and rock crevices improved the low permeability of the reservoir to a great extent.
Through the analyses and contrast the seven coring wells, nine test wells and eleven logging data, established four-property-relationships, determined the reservoir's limits of the reservoir lithology, physical properties, oil content and electrical. And established the reservoir interpretation models as argillaceous content, porosity, permeability, etc. The model with high precision and meets the quantitative parameters of the request. Through the comparative analysis the Archie formula and other saturation model, and combining with logging data regression, improved the Archie formula, and determined formation factors F and porosity fitting the relationship of nonlinear. And saturation model which is suitable for low permeable reservoir is proposed. The model is applied in the study area, the explain results, test results and sealed coring are corresponding very well.
引文
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[2]刘广林.前郭南地区扶余油层沉积体系及储层特征研究[D].大庆：东北石油大学,2008,4-7.
[3]蒋凌志,顾家裕,郭彬程.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩低渗透储层的特征及形成机理[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1)：13-18.
[4]曾溅辉,孔旭,程世伟等,低渗透砂岩油气成藏特征及其勘探启示[J].现在地质,2009,23(4)：756-758.
[5]车卓吾.测井资料分析手册[M].石油工业出版社.1995,124～125.
[6]曾大乾,李淑贞.中国低渗透砂岩储层类型及地质特征[J].石油学报,1994,15(1)：38-45.
[7]曾文冲.油气藏储集层测井评价技术[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1991：150-161.
[8]肖丽,范晓敏.泥质砂岩含水饱和度的求法[J].世界地质,2002,21(1)：90-91.
[9]钟兴水,高楚桥摘译.阿尔奇饱和度指数与润湿性之间的关系[J].测井技术信息,1989,6：47-49.
[10]李丽.临南油田夏52块沙三中泥质砂岩油层的测井评价[D].武汉：中国地质大学,2003,2-5.
[11]孙德明.含水饱和度指数的理论实验[J].石油学报,1994,15(4)：66～67.
[12]苏玉亮,李涛.特低渗透油藏驱替特征[J],辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(S1)：120-122.
[13]Archie, "The Electrical Resistivity Log as an Aid in Determining S-ome Reservoir Characteristics"[J], Trans.AIME,1942, Vol.146,54-54.
[14]孙建国.阿尔奇(Archie)公式：提出背景与早期争论[J].地球物理学进展,2007,2：427-486.
[15]Simandoux P. Dielectric measurements of porous media: Application to measurement of water saturations, study of the behavior of argillaceous formations[J]. Revue de L'Institut Fran ais du Petrole,1963,18(S1):193-215.
[16]Poupon, The evaluation of clay content from logs[J],SPWLA,11th. log symp, trans. Givens-W-Wendell.A conductive rock matrix model (CRMM) for the anal-ysis of low-contrast resistivity formations[J]. The Log Analyst.1987,28(2): 138-151.
[17]冯春珍,林忠霞,崔丽香.低孔低渗储层含水饱和度的确定[J].国外测井技术,2007,22(1)：22-23.
[18]Alger R P, Raymer L L. Formation density log application in liquid filled holes[J]. JPT,1963,15(4):321-326.
[19]莫修文.低阻储层导电模型的建立和测井方法研究[D].长春：长春科技大学,2001,31(1)：92-95.
[20]张龙海,周灿灿,刘国强,等.不同类型低孔低渗储集层的成因、物性差异及测井评价对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6)：702-710..
[21]付晓燕.特低渗储层低渗成因及影响物性的因素分析[D].西北大学硕士论文.49-85,2006：12-17.
[22]谢然红,高国忠,冯启宁,等.用测井资料预测储层润湿性[J].测井技术,2002,26(4)：265-268.
[23]高辉,宋广寿,孙卫,任国富等.储层特低渗透成因分析与评价——以安塞油田沿25区块为例[J],地球科学进展,2007,22：1135-1138.
[24]章成广,秦瑞宝.用毛管压力曲线解释原始含水饱和度[J].江汉石油学院学报,1999,21(4)：18-25.
[25]贺承祖,华明琪.低渗砂岩气藏的孔隙结构与物性特征[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(3)：280-284.
[26]郑庆林,王钰森,赵雨.低孔隙度条件下阿尔奇含水饱和度解释模型改进[J].测井技术,2006,30(1)：57-59.
[27]陈杰,周改英,赵喜亮,何成.储层岩石孔隙结构特征研究方法综述[J].特种油气藏,2006,12(4)：11-14.
[28]孙小平等.复杂孔隙结构储层含气饱和度评价方法[J].天然气工业,2000,20(3)：4144.
[29]方超,徐振永,张克鑫,黄继新,等.D油田主力储层四性关系研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,(13)：27-28.
[30]杨春梅,孟召平,刘卫东.隐蔽油气藏中“四性关系”的复杂性及综合评价方法[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版)理工卷,2009,(01)：41-42
[31]王润好,刘宇,王红涛,等.储层四性关系研究在新庄油田的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,(29)3：37-38.
[32]张瑞芬.长岭气田四性关系研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,(03)：35-36.
[33]李征西.大庆油田外围扶杨油层测井评价及储量计算方法研究[D].吉林大学,2007：3-7.
[34]张龙海,周灿灿,刘国强,等.孔隙结构对低孔低渗储集层电性及测井解释评价的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,(06)：14-15.
[35]邵长金,李志航,汪小宇,等.低渗透气藏相对渗透率影响因素的孔隙网络模型[J].天然气工业,2010,07：21-23.
[36]Dewitte L. Relation between resisitivities and fluid content of porous rock[J]. J. Oil and Gas,1950,49(8):120-132.
[37]Dewitte L. A study of electric log interpretation methods in shaly formation[J]. AIME,1955,204:103-332.
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