朝阳沟油田长10区块超前注水开发研究
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摘要
当前我国随着石油勘探和开发程度的延深,低渗透油田的储量所占的比例愈来愈大。低渗透油田由于其储层性质差,单井产量低,因而开发难度大。但低渗透油田开发的关键是保持地层压力。超前注水、先注后采的注水方式能合理地补充地层能量,提高地层压力,使油井能够长期保持较高的生产能力,产量递减明显减小。因此有必要更深入的研究超前注水,以便更好的开发低渗透油田。
为了更好的开发低渗透油田,并提高探明储量的动用程度,因此本文根据低渗透油田的地质特点并借鉴国内外油田的开发经验,提出了利用超前注水技术开发低渗透油田,使地层保持较高的压力水平,建立有效的压力驱替系统,使油井产量较高,含水较低。并借助渗流力学和油藏工程,数值模拟等手段,认清在超前注水开发模式下特低渗透油藏的渗流规律,并在此基础上对超前注水改善开发效果的机理进行较为系统地研究,从而为提高特低渗透油藏注水采油效果、制定油藏合理的超前注水开发技术政策提供理论依据和技术支撑。
本文以朝阳沟油田长10区块为例,在保持合理地层压力的情况下,确定注水压力、注水强度、合理流动压力、注水量等几个重要的超前注水参数;利用油藏工程原理,结合低渗透油藏的渗流机理,建立了适合超前注水的渗流模型;并利用该模型求解出超前注水后的地层压力,还应用数值模拟技术进一步验证了该模型的正确性。
With the extent of petroleum exploration and development degree, the proportion of reserves of low-permeability oilfield is much bigger. The low-permeability oilfield has big developed difficulty because of its bad reservoir nature and low individual well producing rate. The criticality of the low-permeability oilfield development is keeping the formation pressure. Advanced injection and injection strategy that is injecting water before oil well beginning to produce. It can reasonably supplement producing energy and raise reservoir pressure, which makes oil well keeping higher production capacity for a long time and production decline obviously decrease. Wherefore it is necessary that advanced injection is thoroughly researched in order to develop low-permeability oilfield well.
On the basis of its geologic characteristic and drawing lessons from development experience of home and abroad oilfield, this paper proposes that advanced injection is utilized to develop low-permeability oilfield for the sake of development low-permeability oilfield and improving producing reserves. Advanced injection can keep the high level of reservoir pressure, effective system of pressure displacement was established, this technology can increase well yield and decrease containing water. Filtration law of ultra-low permeability was recognized depending on many measures, such as fluid mechanics in porous medium, petroleum reservoir engineering, and numerical model. The system of advanced injection was systematically studied about improving development effectiveness. It can provide theoretic reference and technical assistance in order to enhance capture efficiency and draw up advisable technical policy of advanced injection.
In this paper, The Chang 10 block of Chao Yanggou oilfield was taken for the example, many important parameters about advanced injection was ascertained under the condition of keeping advisable formation pressure, which are injection pressure, water intake per unit thickness, reasonable flow pressure, and injection flow rate so on. Filtration model was established drawing support from the theory of reservoir engineering and filtration theory of low-permeability oilfield, reservoir pressure was figured out by utilizing model, moreover, its accuracy was verified by numerical analogue.
为了更好的开发低渗透油田,并提高探明储量的动用程度,因此本文根据低渗透油田的地质特点并借鉴国内外油田的开发经验,提出了利用超前注水技术开发低渗透油田,使地层保持较高的压力水平,建立有效的压力驱替系统,使油井产量较高,含水较低。并借助渗流力学和油藏工程,数值模拟等手段,认清在超前注水开发模式下特低渗透油藏的渗流规律,并在此基础上对超前注水改善开发效果的机理进行较为系统地研究,从而为提高特低渗透油藏注水采油效果、制定油藏合理的超前注水开发技术政策提供理论依据和技术支撑。
本文以朝阳沟油田长10区块为例,在保持合理地层压力的情况下,确定注水压力、注水强度、合理流动压力、注水量等几个重要的超前注水参数;利用油藏工程原理,结合低渗透油藏的渗流机理,建立了适合超前注水的渗流模型;并利用该模型求解出超前注水后的地层压力,还应用数值模拟技术进一步验证了该模型的正确性。
With the extent of petroleum exploration and development degree, the proportion of reserves of low-permeability oilfield is much bigger. The low-permeability oilfield has big developed difficulty because of its bad reservoir nature and low individual well producing rate. The criticality of the low-permeability oilfield development is keeping the formation pressure. Advanced injection and injection strategy that is injecting water before oil well beginning to produce. It can reasonably supplement producing energy and raise reservoir pressure, which makes oil well keeping higher production capacity for a long time and production decline obviously decrease. Wherefore it is necessary that advanced injection is thoroughly researched in order to develop low-permeability oilfield well.
On the basis of its geologic characteristic and drawing lessons from development experience of home and abroad oilfield, this paper proposes that advanced injection is utilized to develop low-permeability oilfield for the sake of development low-permeability oilfield and improving producing reserves. Advanced injection can keep the high level of reservoir pressure, effective system of pressure displacement was established, this technology can increase well yield and decrease containing water. Filtration law of ultra-low permeability was recognized depending on many measures, such as fluid mechanics in porous medium, petroleum reservoir engineering, and numerical model. The system of advanced injection was systematically studied about improving development effectiveness. It can provide theoretic reference and technical assistance in order to enhance capture efficiency and draw up advisable technical policy of advanced injection.
In this paper, The Chang 10 block of Chao Yanggou oilfield was taken for the example, many important parameters about advanced injection was ascertained under the condition of keeping advisable formation pressure, which are injection pressure, water intake per unit thickness, reasonable flow pressure, and injection flow rate so on. Filtration model was established drawing support from the theory of reservoir engineering and filtration theory of low-permeability oilfield, reservoir pressure was figured out by utilizing model, moreover, its accuracy was verified by numerical analogue.
引文
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[9]刘建军,刘先贵等.低渗透储层流-固耦合渗流规律的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(1):88-92.
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[12] Baojun Bai, Case Study On Performed Particle Gel for In-depth Fluid Diversion. SPE 113997.
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[14] Hui Pu,Reservoir Simulation Study on Improvement of Waterflooding Effect for a Naturally Fractured Low Permeability Field in Daqing,China:A Successful Case. SPE 118836.
[15]李延涛,刘正云,吕清河,吴旭光,张志勇.古云集油田超前注水技术研究及应用[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(5):58-60.
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[17]杨玉祥,张春生.铁边城-王洼子地区长4+5油藏超前注水研究[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(4):371-372.
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[21] Ahmed H.Alhuthali, Applications of Waterflood Optimization Via Optimal Rate Control With Smart Wells. SPE 118948.
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[23]于涛,吴殿义,王喜顺.榆树林油田砂岩储层敏感性研究[J].大庆石油地与开发,2002,21(1):59-61.
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