混凝土高拱坝施工动态仿真与实时控制研究
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摘要
混凝土高拱坝施工过程十分重要而又复杂,受导流度汛等诸多内外因素的影响,约束条件非常复杂,给水电工程的进度控制带来很大的困难。本文结合高拱坝施工的关键技术问题,重点研究了高拱坝施工全过程动态仿真建模的理论与方法。将面向对象仿真技术、虚拟现实技术、多Agent技术和实时控制理论方法在高拱坝施工仿真中进行综合应用,开展了复杂约束条件下的混凝土高拱坝施工动态仿真与实时控制研究,主要工作与研究成果如下:
1.在综合考虑各种复杂约束条件下,建立了高拱坝施工动态仿真的随机动态数学逻辑关系模型,为揭示高拱坝施工过程的内在规律提供理论基础。将面向对象仿真技术、虚拟现实技术和多Agent技术集成到高拱坝施工仿真模型中,提出了基于真实施工场景下的交互式仿真智能体模型(VISAM)的仿真建模方法,简化了仿真建模过程,提高了施工仿真的直观性。
2.提出了真实施工场景下高拱坝施工实时交互式仿真与控制方法,创建了具有高度沉浸感的实时交互式仿真环境,对实时交互式仿真的概念、软硬件技术和实时交互控制理论进行了论述,并详细研究了高拱坝施工仿真中实时交互与控制的实现过程,为高拱坝施工设计与建设管理提供了直观交互的系统平台。
3.针对高拱坝施工过程的随机性、不确定性和经验性强等特点,提出了基于多Agent的高拱坝施工动态仿真与优化方法,将智能化仿真中知识的表示、推理、搜索等手段引入到施工动态仿真中。采用多策略建模方法实现不同智能水平的Agent模型,包括基于模糊规则的随机跳仓排序方法和通过强化学习实现Agent学习和自适应功能。基于多Agent的高拱坝施工动态仿真提高了系统建模能力,扩展了系统应用的范围,起到了辅助决策作用。
4.进行了高拱坝的施工进度实时控制过程研究,提出了基于实时仿真的高拱坝施工进度预测与分析方法。根据进度控制的基本原理,建立了高拱坝实际可行的进度控制流程,研究了高拱坝施工进度监控预警模型,详细论述了高拱坝施工进度动态调整与控制的实现方法,研制开发了一个高拱坝施工动态仿真与实时控制(DSim_PDC)系统,并论述了系统的实现流程。
5.结合锦屏一级工程关键技术问题,进行了仿真系统工程应用分析,对锦屏一级大坝施工进行了多方案的仿真计算与成果评价,提出了加快施工进度的有效措施,为施工管理人员提供了有效的辅助分析工具,并为该工程的开工建设及现场施工控制提供了强有力的技术支持。
Construction of high arch dam, with its schedule influenced directly by many factors, such as construction diversion, is an extremely important and complex process, and its constraint conditions of construction are quite complicated, so that construction scheduling control for hydroelectric engineering is quite difficult. In order to solve the key technical problems of high arch dam construction operations, the paper studies methodology of dynamic simulation modeling for whole construction process of high arch dam. Dynamic simulation and real-time control for high arch dam construction operations with complex constraints is presented, in which many theories including objected-oriented simulation, virtual reality, multi-agent and real-time control technology, are introduced into construction simulation of high arch dam. The main contents and achievements are as follows:
1. The stochastic dynamic mathematical logic model of dynamic simulation for high arch dam construction operations is presented, with complex constraints, which provides theory foundation to reveal the internal rules in the construction process of high arch dam. A new modeling technology based on virtual interactive simulation agent model (VISAM) in real construction scene is introduced into construction simulation system of high arch dam, which combines object-oriented simulation, virtual reality and multi-agent, so that modeling process is simplified and construction simulation can be understood more intuitively.
2. A method of real-time interactive simulation and control for high arch dam construction operations is presented, which provides interactive simulation environment with strong sense of immersion. Conception, methodology and its software and hardware technologies for real-time interactive simulation are described. The implement of real-time interactive and control process for high arch construction simulation is described, which provides an interactive platform for construction design and management of high arch dam.
3. Aiming at the characteristics of randomness, uncertainty and strong experiential associated with high arch dam construction operations, an approach of construction simulation and optimization for high arch dam based on multi-agent is presented. Means of knowledge representation, Inference, reasoning, searching, etc. were introduced, by intelligent simulation, into high arch dam construction simulation. Process of design and implement for agent models with different level of intelligence is simplified with a multi-strategy modeling way, which includes concreting sequencing for dam construction based on fuzzy rule and adaptive simulation based on reinforcement learning. The modeling capability is greatly enhanced by development of construction simulation system for high arch dam based on multi-agent, and becomes a vital tool assisting in decision-making.
4. The process of real-time control of construction scheduling for high arch dam is described. Analysis of construction scheduling for high arch dam based on real-time simulation is presented, and the practical scheduling control procedure of high arch dam construction operations is brought out based on theory of cybernetics. The scheduling monitoring model is proposed. The method of dynamic schedule adjusting for high arch dam is described in detail. The software system (DSim_PDC) for dynamic simulation and real-time control of high arch dam construction operations is developed and the process of system function realization is described.
5. Aiming at the key problems of high arch dam, multi-scheme simulation evaluation for the practical application in Jinping-1st project is carried out. Measures and suggestions of rapid construction for the project are proposed, which becomes an assistant analysis instrument for construction management, and provides powerful technical support for the project and becomes an advisor on the job site.
1.在综合考虑各种复杂约束条件下,建立了高拱坝施工动态仿真的随机动态数学逻辑关系模型,为揭示高拱坝施工过程的内在规律提供理论基础。将面向对象仿真技术、虚拟现实技术和多Agent技术集成到高拱坝施工仿真模型中,提出了基于真实施工场景下的交互式仿真智能体模型(VISAM)的仿真建模方法,简化了仿真建模过程,提高了施工仿真的直观性。
2.提出了真实施工场景下高拱坝施工实时交互式仿真与控制方法,创建了具有高度沉浸感的实时交互式仿真环境,对实时交互式仿真的概念、软硬件技术和实时交互控制理论进行了论述,并详细研究了高拱坝施工仿真中实时交互与控制的实现过程,为高拱坝施工设计与建设管理提供了直观交互的系统平台。
3.针对高拱坝施工过程的随机性、不确定性和经验性强等特点,提出了基于多Agent的高拱坝施工动态仿真与优化方法,将智能化仿真中知识的表示、推理、搜索等手段引入到施工动态仿真中。采用多策略建模方法实现不同智能水平的Agent模型,包括基于模糊规则的随机跳仓排序方法和通过强化学习实现Agent学习和自适应功能。基于多Agent的高拱坝施工动态仿真提高了系统建模能力,扩展了系统应用的范围,起到了辅助决策作用。
4.进行了高拱坝的施工进度实时控制过程研究,提出了基于实时仿真的高拱坝施工进度预测与分析方法。根据进度控制的基本原理,建立了高拱坝实际可行的进度控制流程,研究了高拱坝施工进度监控预警模型,详细论述了高拱坝施工进度动态调整与控制的实现方法,研制开发了一个高拱坝施工动态仿真与实时控制(DSim_PDC)系统,并论述了系统的实现流程。
5.结合锦屏一级工程关键技术问题,进行了仿真系统工程应用分析,对锦屏一级大坝施工进行了多方案的仿真计算与成果评价,提出了加快施工进度的有效措施,为施工管理人员提供了有效的辅助分析工具,并为该工程的开工建设及现场施工控制提供了强有力的技术支持。
Construction of high arch dam, with its schedule influenced directly by many factors, such as construction diversion, is an extremely important and complex process, and its constraint conditions of construction are quite complicated, so that construction scheduling control for hydroelectric engineering is quite difficult. In order to solve the key technical problems of high arch dam construction operations, the paper studies methodology of dynamic simulation modeling for whole construction process of high arch dam. Dynamic simulation and real-time control for high arch dam construction operations with complex constraints is presented, in which many theories including objected-oriented simulation, virtual reality, multi-agent and real-time control technology, are introduced into construction simulation of high arch dam. The main contents and achievements are as follows:
1. The stochastic dynamic mathematical logic model of dynamic simulation for high arch dam construction operations is presented, with complex constraints, which provides theory foundation to reveal the internal rules in the construction process of high arch dam. A new modeling technology based on virtual interactive simulation agent model (VISAM) in real construction scene is introduced into construction simulation system of high arch dam, which combines object-oriented simulation, virtual reality and multi-agent, so that modeling process is simplified and construction simulation can be understood more intuitively.
2. A method of real-time interactive simulation and control for high arch dam construction operations is presented, which provides interactive simulation environment with strong sense of immersion. Conception, methodology and its software and hardware technologies for real-time interactive simulation are described. The implement of real-time interactive and control process for high arch construction simulation is described, which provides an interactive platform for construction design and management of high arch dam.
3. Aiming at the characteristics of randomness, uncertainty and strong experiential associated with high arch dam construction operations, an approach of construction simulation and optimization for high arch dam based on multi-agent is presented. Means of knowledge representation, Inference, reasoning, searching, etc. were introduced, by intelligent simulation, into high arch dam construction simulation. Process of design and implement for agent models with different level of intelligence is simplified with a multi-strategy modeling way, which includes concreting sequencing for dam construction based on fuzzy rule and adaptive simulation based on reinforcement learning. The modeling capability is greatly enhanced by development of construction simulation system for high arch dam based on multi-agent, and becomes a vital tool assisting in decision-making.
4. The process of real-time control of construction scheduling for high arch dam is described. Analysis of construction scheduling for high arch dam based on real-time simulation is presented, and the practical scheduling control procedure of high arch dam construction operations is brought out based on theory of cybernetics. The scheduling monitoring model is proposed. The method of dynamic schedule adjusting for high arch dam is described in detail. The software system (DSim_PDC) for dynamic simulation and real-time control of high arch dam construction operations is developed and the process of system function realization is described.
5. Aiming at the key problems of high arch dam, multi-scheme simulation evaluation for the practical application in Jinping-1st project is carried out. Measures and suggestions of rapid construction for the project are proposed, which becomes an assistant analysis instrument for construction management, and provides powerful technical support for the project and becomes an advisor on the job site.
引文
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