辽河盆地北部嫩江组层序地层学与沉积体系研究
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摘要
本文以松辽盆地北部嫩江组三维地震资料为基础,应用层序地层学、沉积学原理,运用地震、测井、录井、岩芯等资料,对松辽盆地北部嫩江组地层的层序地层格架,沉积体系和沉积演化规律进行了深入细致的分析和研究。
将嫩江组划分为1个基本三级层序及1个复合三级层序,发现嫩江组二三段发育T_(06)~1、T_(06)~2、T_(06)~3、T_(06)~4、T_(06)~5、T_(06)~6共6个四级层序界面,划分7个四级层序,阐明了T_(06)~为具有沉积不整合特征的四级层序界面。
在松辽盆地北部嫩江组构造地层格架和层序地层格架基础上,揭示了不同体系域内沉积相和砂分散体系的特征,运用地震沉积学研究方法,总结了物源体系分布特征和沉积演化规律。嫩江组二段沉积末期大范围湖侵之后,由于盆地东部开始抬升,导致盆地古地理格局有了改变,物源方向发生了重大改变,由原来的南北向改为东西向,在盆地东部快速抬升的背景下沉积物快速向湖区推进。松辽盆地嫩江组沉积期为坳陷湖盆的萎缩期,伴随着盆地演化,不同时期,不同区域的古地理格局也有不同。总体来看,盆地发育了湖泊、三角洲相、河流相、重力流等相。嫩江组湖盆的沉积演化主要分为2个阶段,嫩一、二段的湖扩阶段和嫩三至五段的湖退阶段。利用地质综合分析预测了有利的勘探层位和勘探区带,嫩江组三四段黑帝庙油层大安-新站、葡西、龙虎泡、喇嘛甸西地区、长垣南部嫩江组二段滑塌浊积扇体,齐家-长垣-三肇地区嫩江组一段萨零组水下河道,是未来有利的勘探区带。
On the basis of the study on 3D projects of the Northern part of Songliao Basin, this project sets up the high frequency sequence stratigraphic framework with the application of the theories of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology. Helped by seismic data, borehole log, logging curves and cores, detailed research and analysis on the sequence stratigraphical framework, depositional system, evolution of the Nenjiang Formation in the north Songliao Basin have been carried out in the paper.
One basic third sequence and one complex third sequence are divided in Nenjiang Formation. Six fourth sequence boundaries T_(06)~1, T_(06)~2, T_(06)~3, T_(06)~4, T_(06)~5, T_(06)~6 and seven fourth sequences are divided in No.2&3 Members of Nenjiang Formation. T_(06)~ fourth sequence boundary is proposed to have the characteristic with depositional unconformity.
Based on the structural framework and sequence stratigraphical framework, the features of sedimentary facies and sand dispersed system in different system tracts are revealed the pattern of source and summarized depositional evolution with the application of a research method of seismic sedimentology. Because of the elevation of eastern Songliao Basin and the change of paleogeographical framework, source direction changed greatly, from south-north to east-west, and fast moved forward the lake with the rapid elevation after large-scale transgression in the late period of No.2 Member of the Nenjiang Formation. The depositional period of Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin is the shrinking period of depression basin. With the evolution of Songliao Basin, paleogeographical framework of different areas changed in the different periods.
All in all, river facies, meandering river delta, braided river delta, lake have been distinguished in the area. The depositional evolution of Nenjiang Formation in the basin is divided into two stages, lacustrine expansion of No.1&2. Member of the Nenjiang Formation and lacustrine regression of No.3, 4, 5 Member of the Nenjiang Formation. Favorable exploration layers and zones are predicted based on geological comprehensive analysis. The favorable exploration areas are Da’an-Xinzhan, Puxi, Longhupao, west Lamadian for Heidimiao oil layer of No.3&4 Member of Nenjiang Formation, slump turbidite fans of Daqing anticlines for No.2 Member of Nenjiang Formation, S0 channels of Qijia-Changyuan-Sanzhao area for No.1 Member of Nenjiang Formation.
将嫩江组划分为1个基本三级层序及1个复合三级层序,发现嫩江组二三段发育T_(06)~1、T_(06)~2、T_(06)~3、T_(06)~4、T_(06)~5、T_(06)~6共6个四级层序界面,划分7个四级层序,阐明了T_(06)~为具有沉积不整合特征的四级层序界面。
在松辽盆地北部嫩江组构造地层格架和层序地层格架基础上,揭示了不同体系域内沉积相和砂分散体系的特征,运用地震沉积学研究方法,总结了物源体系分布特征和沉积演化规律。嫩江组二段沉积末期大范围湖侵之后,由于盆地东部开始抬升,导致盆地古地理格局有了改变,物源方向发生了重大改变,由原来的南北向改为东西向,在盆地东部快速抬升的背景下沉积物快速向湖区推进。松辽盆地嫩江组沉积期为坳陷湖盆的萎缩期,伴随着盆地演化,不同时期,不同区域的古地理格局也有不同。总体来看,盆地发育了湖泊、三角洲相、河流相、重力流等相。嫩江组湖盆的沉积演化主要分为2个阶段,嫩一、二段的湖扩阶段和嫩三至五段的湖退阶段。利用地质综合分析预测了有利的勘探层位和勘探区带,嫩江组三四段黑帝庙油层大安-新站、葡西、龙虎泡、喇嘛甸西地区、长垣南部嫩江组二段滑塌浊积扇体,齐家-长垣-三肇地区嫩江组一段萨零组水下河道,是未来有利的勘探区带。
On the basis of the study on 3D projects of the Northern part of Songliao Basin, this project sets up the high frequency sequence stratigraphic framework with the application of the theories of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology. Helped by seismic data, borehole log, logging curves and cores, detailed research and analysis on the sequence stratigraphical framework, depositional system, evolution of the Nenjiang Formation in the north Songliao Basin have been carried out in the paper.
One basic third sequence and one complex third sequence are divided in Nenjiang Formation. Six fourth sequence boundaries T_(06)~1, T_(06)~2, T_(06)~3, T_(06)~4, T_(06)~5, T_(06)~6 and seven fourth sequences are divided in No.2&3 Members of Nenjiang Formation. T_(06)~ fourth sequence boundary is proposed to have the characteristic with depositional unconformity.
Based on the structural framework and sequence stratigraphical framework, the features of sedimentary facies and sand dispersed system in different system tracts are revealed the pattern of source and summarized depositional evolution with the application of a research method of seismic sedimentology. Because of the elevation of eastern Songliao Basin and the change of paleogeographical framework, source direction changed greatly, from south-north to east-west, and fast moved forward the lake with the rapid elevation after large-scale transgression in the late period of No.2 Member of the Nenjiang Formation. The depositional period of Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin is the shrinking period of depression basin. With the evolution of Songliao Basin, paleogeographical framework of different areas changed in the different periods.
All in all, river facies, meandering river delta, braided river delta, lake have been distinguished in the area. The depositional evolution of Nenjiang Formation in the basin is divided into two stages, lacustrine expansion of No.1&2. Member of the Nenjiang Formation and lacustrine regression of No.3, 4, 5 Member of the Nenjiang Formation. Favorable exploration layers and zones are predicted based on geological comprehensive analysis. The favorable exploration areas are Da’an-Xinzhan, Puxi, Longhupao, west Lamadian for Heidimiao oil layer of No.3&4 Member of Nenjiang Formation, slump turbidite fans of Daqing anticlines for No.2 Member of Nenjiang Formation, S0 channels of Qijia-Changyuan-Sanzhao area for No.1 Member of Nenjiang Formation.
引文
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[4]任延广.松辽盆地中浅层地层层序及沉积相研究[R].大庆油田内部科研报告[R],1999:21-33.
[5]魏魁生,徐怀大,叶淑芬.松辽盆地白垩系高分辨率层序地层格架[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(1):7-13.
[6] Bouvier J D, C H Kaars-Sijpesteijn, D F Kluesner, et al. Three-dimensional seismic interpretation and fault sealing investigations, Nun river field, Nigeria [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1989, 73(11):1397-1414.
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[9] Cordell R. J. How oil migrates in clastic sediments. World Oil(Part 3) [M], 1977, 184(1): 97-100.
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[11] Johnson K S, Paull C K, Barry J P, Chavez F P. A decadal record of underflows from a coastal river into the deep sea[J]. Geology, 2001, 29(11):1019-1022.
[12]朱建伟,刘招君,董清水等.松辽盆地层序地层格架及油气聚集规律[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):339-344.
[13]郭占谦.关于松辽盆地北部油气突破勘探如何突破的思考[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1998,17(5):1-7.
[14]侯启军,冯志强,冯子辉等.松辽盆地陆相石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009,86-101.
[15] Weber, Foundation response caused by disturbance of clay. International of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts[J], 1978, 15(6):133-135.
[16]李彦芳,曲淑琴,辛仁臣等.松辽盆地三角洲与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,22-102.
[17]林春花,陈均亮,包丽.新构造活动对松辽盆地含油气系统的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(4):12-14.
[18]郭占谦.关于松辽盆地北部油气突破勘探如何突破的思考[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1998,17(5):1-7.
[19] Prins M A, Postma G. Effects of climate, sea level and tectonics unraveled for last deglaciation turbidite records of the Arabian Sea[J]. Geology, 2000, 28(4):375-378.
[20] PAN Chang-chun, FU Jia-mo, SHENG Guo-ying. Sequential extraction and compositional analysis of oil-bearing fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks from Kuche Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2000, 45(S1):60-66.
[21]郭巍,刘昭君,崔宝琛等.松辽盆地西部斜坡区坳陷期层序地层发育控制因素分析[J].长春地质学院学报,1997,27(3):327-332.
[22]迟元林,云金表,蒙启安等.松辽盆地深部结构及成盆动力学与油气聚集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,69-113.
[23]翟光明,宋建国,靳久强等.板块构造演化与含油气盆地形成和评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,33-36.
[24]张功成,徐宏,刘和甫等.松辽盆地反转构造与油气田分布[J].石油学报,1996,17(2):9-14.
[25]高瑞祺.松辽盆地白垩纪陆相沉积特征[J].地质学报,1980,1:9-26.
[26]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2000,28-33.
[27] Varnai P. Three-dimensional seismic stratigraphic expression of Pliocene-Pleistocene turbidite systems, northern Green Canyon (offshore Louisiana), northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1998, 82(5B):986-1012.
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