厚表土立井井壁受力状态及其演变规律研究
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摘要
本文通过理论分析、数值计算、室内试验和工程实测等方法,全面、系统研究分析了厚表土立井井壁受力状态及其演变规律。
基于双剪统一强度理论,针对厚表土井壁受力工况条件推导了其塑性极限荷载计算公式,获得了井壁竖向应力与围压的塑性极限荷载状态线。分析了井壁塑性极限荷载与井壁材料性质、井筒几何特征、中间主剪应力等各主要影响因素之间的关系。
首次提出双孔部分应力解除法原位测试井壁应力的新方法,并开展了数值模拟、物理试验研究,证实其可靠性、稳定性和可操作性。研究表明,双孔部分应力解除后的井壁应变衰减率达到57%;应用该新技术实测研究获得了大屯矿区孔庄副井表土段井壁的应力大小及沿井深的分布规律。
采用无损回弹检测方法,现场实测研究了井壁不同深度位置的强度及变化规律,获得孔庄副井井壁混凝土强度沿井深降低率为0.0895MPa/m。研究表明,厚表土中井壁长期受有高水平压力和高附加竖向应力,造成井壁中的微裂隙和微损伤,对材料强度起到了显著的弱化作用。
采用数值模拟和实测分析的方法研究了地层注浆扰动条件下井壁受力响应的特性。获得了不同注浆压力作用时井壁竖向、环向和径向应力的变化规律。根据注浆期间实测的大量井壁附加应变数据,分析了注浆时井壁受力的响应,并依据井壁塑性极限荷载关系对注浆期间井壁的安全进行了分析评价。
采用R/S分析法研究了厚表土井壁附加应变的长时演变规律。地层正常疏排水期间井壁附加应变演变趋势的分析结果表明,R/S分析法能够很好的预测井壁附加应变未来的演变趋势。与此同时,分析了井壁破裂前、后的附加应变演变特征和趋势,Hurst指数值的时间进程显示,井壁破裂前第2~5月时间段中的H值呈现异常变化,Hurst指数具有较明显的中、短期前兆意义,其异常变化揭示了井壁破裂从无序向有序发展的时间演化过程。
The stress states and evolvement law of vertical shaft-lining in deep alluvium were systematically and comprehensively studied by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory test and engineering measurement.
Based on the twin shear unified strength theory, the plastic limit load formular under the condition of shaft-lining stress in deep alluvium was derived and the plastic limit load envelope line was obtained. The dissertation analyzed the relationships between plastic limit load of shaft-lining and the various factors, such as material properties, geometric features of well case and intermediate principle shear stress.
The new field measurement method of shaft-lining stress by partially double porosity stress relief method was first brought out. The reliability, stability and maneuverability were confirmed by physical simulation and numerical simulation. It is shown that the stress attenuation rate of shaft-lining was 57% after the partially double porosity stress relief. The field measurement gained a large amount of stress data of Kongzhuang auxiliary shaft vs. the depth of well case in Datun mining area.
Through the non-destructive test by rebound tester, the strength variation law of shaft-lining with the depth of well case was studied. The decrease rate of concrete strength of shaft-lining vs. the depth of well case was 0.0895MPa/m. It is shown that because of the long-term high horizontal pressure and vertical additional stress, there probably is some micro-fracture and micro-damage, which will weaken the material strength.
By means of numerical simulation and field measurement, the stress response of shaft-lining to the formation grouting was studied and the variation law of vertical, hoop and radical stress vs. the grouting pressure was gained. According to large amounts of measurement data of the additional strain of shaft-lining during the grouting period, we analyzed the stress response of shaft-lining to grouting and evaluated the security of shaft-lining during the grouting period via the plastic limit load relationship.
The long-term evolvement law of the shaft-lining additional stress was studied by the R/S analysis method. According to analyzed results of the additional stress evolvement trend during the period of dewater, it is shown that the R/S analysis method can well predict the evolvement trend of additional stress. At the same time, the additional stress evolvement trend before and after the rupture of shaft-lining was analyzed. The time course of Hurst index shows that the H value appears the abnormal change when the well case will rupture in the coming 2-5 months. So, the Hurst index is very meaningful for the intermediate and short-term prediction of shaft-lining rupture. Its abnormal variation reveals the time process from the disorder to order when the well case begins to rupture.
基于双剪统一强度理论,针对厚表土井壁受力工况条件推导了其塑性极限荷载计算公式,获得了井壁竖向应力与围压的塑性极限荷载状态线。分析了井壁塑性极限荷载与井壁材料性质、井筒几何特征、中间主剪应力等各主要影响因素之间的关系。
首次提出双孔部分应力解除法原位测试井壁应力的新方法,并开展了数值模拟、物理试验研究,证实其可靠性、稳定性和可操作性。研究表明,双孔部分应力解除后的井壁应变衰减率达到57%;应用该新技术实测研究获得了大屯矿区孔庄副井表土段井壁的应力大小及沿井深的分布规律。
采用无损回弹检测方法,现场实测研究了井壁不同深度位置的强度及变化规律,获得孔庄副井井壁混凝土强度沿井深降低率为0.0895MPa/m。研究表明,厚表土中井壁长期受有高水平压力和高附加竖向应力,造成井壁中的微裂隙和微损伤,对材料强度起到了显著的弱化作用。
采用数值模拟和实测分析的方法研究了地层注浆扰动条件下井壁受力响应的特性。获得了不同注浆压力作用时井壁竖向、环向和径向应力的变化规律。根据注浆期间实测的大量井壁附加应变数据,分析了注浆时井壁受力的响应,并依据井壁塑性极限荷载关系对注浆期间井壁的安全进行了分析评价。
采用R/S分析法研究了厚表土井壁附加应变的长时演变规律。地层正常疏排水期间井壁附加应变演变趋势的分析结果表明,R/S分析法能够很好的预测井壁附加应变未来的演变趋势。与此同时,分析了井壁破裂前、后的附加应变演变特征和趋势,Hurst指数值的时间进程显示,井壁破裂前第2~5月时间段中的H值呈现异常变化,Hurst指数具有较明显的中、短期前兆意义,其异常变化揭示了井壁破裂从无序向有序发展的时间演化过程。
The stress states and evolvement law of vertical shaft-lining in deep alluvium were systematically and comprehensively studied by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory test and engineering measurement.
Based on the twin shear unified strength theory, the plastic limit load formular under the condition of shaft-lining stress in deep alluvium was derived and the plastic limit load envelope line was obtained. The dissertation analyzed the relationships between plastic limit load of shaft-lining and the various factors, such as material properties, geometric features of well case and intermediate principle shear stress.
The new field measurement method of shaft-lining stress by partially double porosity stress relief method was first brought out. The reliability, stability and maneuverability were confirmed by physical simulation and numerical simulation. It is shown that the stress attenuation rate of shaft-lining was 57% after the partially double porosity stress relief. The field measurement gained a large amount of stress data of Kongzhuang auxiliary shaft vs. the depth of well case in Datun mining area.
Through the non-destructive test by rebound tester, the strength variation law of shaft-lining with the depth of well case was studied. The decrease rate of concrete strength of shaft-lining vs. the depth of well case was 0.0895MPa/m. It is shown that because of the long-term high horizontal pressure and vertical additional stress, there probably is some micro-fracture and micro-damage, which will weaken the material strength.
By means of numerical simulation and field measurement, the stress response of shaft-lining to the formation grouting was studied and the variation law of vertical, hoop and radical stress vs. the grouting pressure was gained. According to large amounts of measurement data of the additional strain of shaft-lining during the grouting period, we analyzed the stress response of shaft-lining to grouting and evaluated the security of shaft-lining during the grouting period via the plastic limit load relationship.
The long-term evolvement law of the shaft-lining additional stress was studied by the R/S analysis method. According to analyzed results of the additional stress evolvement trend during the period of dewater, it is shown that the R/S analysis method can well predict the evolvement trend of additional stress. At the same time, the additional stress evolvement trend before and after the rupture of shaft-lining was analyzed. The time course of Hurst index shows that the H value appears the abnormal change when the well case will rupture in the coming 2-5 months. So, the Hurst index is very meaningful for the intermediate and short-term prediction of shaft-lining rupture. Its abnormal variation reveals the time process from the disorder to order when the well case begins to rupture.
引文
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