琼东南盆地深水区低幅构造速度研究与PSDM应用
|
摘要
琼东南盆地深水区低幅构造是深水勘探的有利区带,因为此区域紧邻油源、有良好的油气运移通道、区域盖层发育。但由于此区域独特的地形地貌特征、特殊的沉积环境和沉积过程造成地震波传播速度横向变化剧烈,再加上缺乏高品质地震资料和实钻井资料,这些因素综合引起叠加速度拾取精度低、层速度求取困难、时深转换误差大、PSDM很难在此区域得到一个好的应用效果。针对这些问题,本论文研究的内容是:○1常规速度求取方法基本原理及适用性分析研究;○2研究在QDN三维靶区得到一个好的叠加速度场的基础上,如何通过速度求取及校正技术研究得到一个准确的深度域的层速度场;○3研究在QDN二维靶区得到一个好的PSDM成像效果基础上,得到一套适合此区域的PSDM应用技术流程。○4通过研究二、三维靶区的速度场,得到琼东南盆地深水区的速度规律。相应的技术思路为:在三维低幅构造横向速度变化剧烈研究靶区,在对常见速度求取方法及其缺陷分析的基础上,主要针对常规的基于水平层状介质、横向速度均匀假设的DIX公式求取层速度结果不可靠、从而导致时深转换深度域剖面构造形态严重畸变这一问题,应用基于井-震结合的双层模型三维射线追踪相干反演的速度求取与速度校正技术,较好地消除深水区水深变化、地层速度横向变化等因素引起的构造畸变影响,得到了一个准确的深度域层速度场。在二维PSDM应用研究中,结合本地区速度研究认识,基于前人研究经验,开拓性地应用趋势速度法建立PSDM速度模型,开展PSDM处理研究,避免了常规时深转换法对地层的扭曲,深度剖面恢复了真实的地质深度和形态,取得较明显的成像效果。PSDM处理消除了水深变化、崎岖海底及地层速度变化等因素对下伏地层的影响,上超、前积沉积特征清晰,深度剖面断面清楚、基底轮廓更加清晰,恢复古地貌,基本落实了凹陷地层结构和基底的埋深;莫霍面构造形态及深度合理;落实了低幅构造,为低幅构造勘探提供了依据。在速度规律研究中,使用了水深校正技术、交汇分析、等厚地层速度分析、沿层速度剖面等多项技术组合的创新思路,取得了该区地层速度结构、影响主因以及水深的影响认识。
本论文在总结国内外速度研究及PSDM应用研究相关最新科研成果的基础上,以地球物理学、地质学、测井学理论为指导,结合研究区地质概况,取得以下几点创新性研究成果:
(1)采用层约束下的模型差值方法,考虑大断层影响,用井震联合建模解决井震速度的剪刀差问题。
(2)通过对基于双层模型的三维射线追踪相干的速度求取及速度校正技术进行研究(①基于射线追踪理论,适于任何产状;②避开Dix公式的应用;③非双曲线理论假设),既解决了单层反演速度精度不够,又避免了逐层反演误差积累、速度修正难的问题,较好地消除了深水区水深变化、地层速度变化等因素引起的构造畸变影响。
(3)基于前人研究经验及本地区速度研究认识,开拓性应用趋势速度法建立PSDM速度模型,开展PSDM处理研究,取得较好的成像效果。
(4)应用水深校正技术、交汇、层剖面等多项技术综合分析琼东南盆地地层速度规律,得出此区域地层速度变化主要受水深、埋深影响,局部受岩性变化影响,横向速度变化剧烈。
(5)建立了一套适合琼东南盆地深水区特殊地质条件的速度分析和时深转换成图方法技术流程。
The low amplitude structure in the deep water in Southeast Hainan Baisin of South China sea is the well zone for deep water exploration, it’s because this zone near the petrol source、with well petrol escape route、and well developed zone cap-rock. However, this zone has peculiar topographic configuration、particular sediment surrounding and process; So the horizontal seismic wave change severe, additional, we lack the high quality seismic data and drilling data, as the result, these elements leads the superimposed velocity pick up with low quality、difficult to obtain the interval velocity、and the PSDM can’t get a well result for application in this zone.
This paper focus on four points as following:①The adaptive analysis of section general geology and the basic principle for routine velocity obtain.②How to get an accurately depth interval velocity field through calibration and obtain of velocity based on researching the way to get an accurately superimposed velocity in the LinNan 3D target zone.③Researching the way to get a application path of PSDM suited LinNan 2D target zone based on I get the well result of PSDM imagery in this zone.④Getting the rule of velocity in the abyssal zone of the southeast of HaiNan province through researching the velocity field in the 2D&3D target zone.
In the 3D low amplitude and varied horizontal seismic wave target zone, aim to the phenomenon of routine way-DIX equation with the assumption that horizontal structure and constant horizontal seismic wave always leads to the obtain velocity uncertain, I adopt the 3rd cohere algorithm 3D raytracing velocity calibration and obtain based on the geometric pattern tensor, which is good at eliminating the impaction of abyssal zone、varied horizontal seismic velocity. Finally, I get a accurately depth interval velocity field.In the 2D PSDM researching, I add in the cognition of the velocity in this zone and stand on the predecessor’s shoulders, reclaim the way of adopting tendency velocity to build the PSDM velocity model, start the research of PSDM. With this new way, the calculation avert routine time to depth conversion distort the layer, and the depth cut plane recovery the truth geography depth and structure, and get the obvious imagery effect.The PSDM eliminate the impaction of underlay layer for the varied depth、rugged sea floor and varied interval velocity, onlap-s tructure、clear foreset sediment structure、c lear sediment cut plane fractured surface、clear base ambitus、recovery the ancient landform、get the certain sunken structure and the depth of base and the Moho- boundary structure、depth justifiability; finally, the truth low amplitude structure supply the evidence for low amplitude survey.
In the research of velocity rule, I adopt the abyssal calibration、convergence analysis、the same depth interval velocity analysis、lateral velocity cut plane and the related technique. Finally with these composition, I calculate the interval velocity structure、the affection element, and the realization of abyssal zone.
This dissertation is based on the summarize of the latest research results at home and abroad, with sedimentology, petroleum geology, geophysics and borehole geophysics as the guide, combining the geological background of the research area,obtaining the following innovative research results:
(1)Used several technologies,such as water depth revise,confluence,stratigraphic profile etc,to comprehensive analysis the law of formation velocity of Qiongdongnan basin.We learn that the change of formation velocity is mainly influnced by the water depth,cover depth,lithological change,and the horizontal velocity is changing dramatic.
(2)Adopting Model-difference method under constrained stratum,considering the influence of interbedded sedimentation and megafault, deposited with correlation by well-to-seismic integration, to solve the price scissors problem of well-to-seismic velocity.
(3)Research based on the velocity calculation of 3D ray tracking coherence of two-layer model and velocity correction(①based on the ray tracking, applicable to any attitude of stratum;②avoid the application of Dix formula;③nonhyperbolic theory hypothesis),it not only solve the insufficient accuracy of monolayer velocity,but also avoid some problems,such as the accumulation of stepwise inversion error, the difficulty of velocity correction,it eliminates the influence of subsalt distortions which is caused by water-depth change, formation velocity,etc.
(4)Based on the previous research experience and the cognition of speed in this region, we innovativly establish the PSDM speed model, develop PSDM processing research and obtain better imaging effect.
(5)Establishing a set of technical processes which is suitable for velocity analysis of deep-water area in special geological conditions in Southeast Hainan Baisin of South China sea and Time-depth conversion mapping.
本论文在总结国内外速度研究及PSDM应用研究相关最新科研成果的基础上,以地球物理学、地质学、测井学理论为指导,结合研究区地质概况,取得以下几点创新性研究成果:
(1)采用层约束下的模型差值方法,考虑大断层影响,用井震联合建模解决井震速度的剪刀差问题。
(2)通过对基于双层模型的三维射线追踪相干的速度求取及速度校正技术进行研究(①基于射线追踪理论,适于任何产状;②避开Dix公式的应用;③非双曲线理论假设),既解决了单层反演速度精度不够,又避免了逐层反演误差积累、速度修正难的问题,较好地消除了深水区水深变化、地层速度变化等因素引起的构造畸变影响。
(3)基于前人研究经验及本地区速度研究认识,开拓性应用趋势速度法建立PSDM速度模型,开展PSDM处理研究,取得较好的成像效果。
(4)应用水深校正技术、交汇、层剖面等多项技术综合分析琼东南盆地地层速度规律,得出此区域地层速度变化主要受水深、埋深影响,局部受岩性变化影响,横向速度变化剧烈。
(5)建立了一套适合琼东南盆地深水区特殊地质条件的速度分析和时深转换成图方法技术流程。
The low amplitude structure in the deep water in Southeast Hainan Baisin of South China sea is the well zone for deep water exploration, it’s because this zone near the petrol source、with well petrol escape route、and well developed zone cap-rock. However, this zone has peculiar topographic configuration、particular sediment surrounding and process; So the horizontal seismic wave change severe, additional, we lack the high quality seismic data and drilling data, as the result, these elements leads the superimposed velocity pick up with low quality、difficult to obtain the interval velocity、and the PSDM can’t get a well result for application in this zone.
This paper focus on four points as following:①The adaptive analysis of section general geology and the basic principle for routine velocity obtain.②How to get an accurately depth interval velocity field through calibration and obtain of velocity based on researching the way to get an accurately superimposed velocity in the LinNan 3D target zone.③Researching the way to get a application path of PSDM suited LinNan 2D target zone based on I get the well result of PSDM imagery in this zone.④Getting the rule of velocity in the abyssal zone of the southeast of HaiNan province through researching the velocity field in the 2D&3D target zone.
In the 3D low amplitude and varied horizontal seismic wave target zone, aim to the phenomenon of routine way-DIX equation with the assumption that horizontal structure and constant horizontal seismic wave always leads to the obtain velocity uncertain, I adopt the 3rd cohere algorithm 3D raytracing velocity calibration and obtain based on the geometric pattern tensor, which is good at eliminating the impaction of abyssal zone、varied horizontal seismic velocity. Finally, I get a accurately depth interval velocity field.In the 2D PSDM researching, I add in the cognition of the velocity in this zone and stand on the predecessor’s shoulders, reclaim the way of adopting tendency velocity to build the PSDM velocity model, start the research of PSDM. With this new way, the calculation avert routine time to depth conversion distort the layer, and the depth cut plane recovery the truth geography depth and structure, and get the obvious imagery effect.The PSDM eliminate the impaction of underlay layer for the varied depth、rugged sea floor and varied interval velocity, onlap-s tructure、clear foreset sediment structure、c lear sediment cut plane fractured surface、clear base ambitus、recovery the ancient landform、get the certain sunken structure and the depth of base and the Moho- boundary structure、depth justifiability; finally, the truth low amplitude structure supply the evidence for low amplitude survey.
In the research of velocity rule, I adopt the abyssal calibration、convergence analysis、the same depth interval velocity analysis、lateral velocity cut plane and the related technique. Finally with these composition, I calculate the interval velocity structure、the affection element, and the realization of abyssal zone.
This dissertation is based on the summarize of the latest research results at home and abroad, with sedimentology, petroleum geology, geophysics and borehole geophysics as the guide, combining the geological background of the research area,obtaining the following innovative research results:
(1)Used several technologies,such as water depth revise,confluence,stratigraphic profile etc,to comprehensive analysis the law of formation velocity of Qiongdongnan basin.We learn that the change of formation velocity is mainly influnced by the water depth,cover depth,lithological change,and the horizontal velocity is changing dramatic.
(2)Adopting Model-difference method under constrained stratum,considering the influence of interbedded sedimentation and megafault, deposited with correlation by well-to-seismic integration, to solve the price scissors problem of well-to-seismic velocity.
(3)Research based on the velocity calculation of 3D ray tracking coherence of two-layer model and velocity correction(①based on the ray tracking, applicable to any attitude of stratum;②avoid the application of Dix formula;③nonhyperbolic theory hypothesis),it not only solve the insufficient accuracy of monolayer velocity,but also avoid some problems,such as the accumulation of stepwise inversion error, the difficulty of velocity correction,it eliminates the influence of subsalt distortions which is caused by water-depth change, formation velocity,etc.
(4)Based on the previous research experience and the cognition of speed in this region, we innovativly establish the PSDM speed model, develop PSDM processing research and obtain better imaging effect.
(5)Establishing a set of technical processes which is suitable for velocity analysis of deep-water area in special geological conditions in Southeast Hainan Baisin of South China sea and Time-depth conversion mapping.
引文
[1]毕民,王建民.基于三维叠前深度偏移的深层构造成像与应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002(4):69～70.
[2]卞爱飞,於文辉,周华.频率域全波形反演方法研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3)982-993.
[3]曹辉.频率域2.5-D井间波形层析成像及其实际应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):915-923.
[4]曹统仁.VSP平均速度的应用[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(2):46-48.
[5]常旭,刘伊克.地震正反演与成像[M].北京:华文出版社,1999:65-67.
[6]陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[7]陈礼,葛勇.深水崎岖海底地震资料叠前深度偏移的必要性[J].中国海上油气,2005(17):12-15.
[8]陈生昌.波动方程叠前深度偏移成像与速度建模方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[9]陈生昌.叠前地震数据的平面波深度偏移法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):821-826.
[10]成谷,马在田,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像发展回顾[J].吉林大学学报,2002,25(3):6-12.
[11]董臣强,谭明友,张明振,赵利平,宋志强.Kirchhoff积分法叠前深度偏移技术在孤岛地区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):180-184.
[12]范贵良.山前高陡构造区地震成图方法研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(3):16-25.
[13]冯全雄,黄兆林,葛勇.模型研究指导层速度解释方法探索及应用[J].中国海上油气,2005(6):171～178.
[14] Guust Nolet.地震层析技术[M].冯锐,郝锦绮译.北京:地质出版社,1991(1):58-97,115-142,276-303.
[15]郝天珧,刘建华,黄忠贤等.中国边缘海岩石层结构的地球物理研究[C].海底科学战略研讨会论文集.2003:16-20.
[16]何际平,鲁烈琴,王红旗等.复杂地区速度场建立与变速构造成图方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):167-172.
[17]何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007(6):966-971.
[18]何洋.基于波前构建的射线走时和振幅计算[D].长春:吉林大学,2005.
[19]何洋.基于波前构建的射线走时和振幅计算[D].长春:吉林大学,2005.
[20]黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1992(35):223-232.
[21]黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐,等.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造时深转换中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008(6):717-721.
[22]金博,刘震,李绪深.莺歌海盆地天然气底辟优势聚集规律及勘探意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(2):196-204.
[23]李振春,张建磊,王延光,等.基于共聚焦点道集的叠前深度偏移及其应[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(4):27-31.
[24]李振春.多道集偏移速度建模方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[25]李振春编著.地震成像理论与方法[M].东营:石油大学研究生院,2004.
[26]李正文,贺振华.勘查技术工程学[M].北京:地质出版社,2002,204-204.
[27]李正文,贺振华.勘查技术工程学[M].北京:地质出版社,2002,270-271.
[28]梁锴.TTI介质P波方程频率-空间域加权平均有限差分算子[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):516-525.
[29]林珍.南沙中部海域北康·曾母盆地重磁异常特征及解释[J].物探与化探,2003,27(4):263-268.
[30]刘光鼎.中国油气资源的开发需要第二次创业[J].科技导报,2001(12):13-14.
[31]刘国华,王振宇,孙坚.弹性波层析成像及其在土木工程中的应用[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):76-81.
[32]刘洪,刘国峰,武威,等.多维波动方程逆散射的基础理论研究[J].石油物探,2007(11):569-581.
[33]刘洪,孟繁林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法[J].地球物理学报,1995(38):821-831.
[34]刘俊,刘建华,高金耀等.南海北部地壳结构重震联合模拟[J].海洋学研究,2009,27(1):44-49.
[35]刘文杰,朱大培,陈其明.贝叶斯残余克里金插值方法的研究[J].工程图形学,2001,2(2):68-76.
[36]刘文岭,夏海英.同位置协同克里金方法在储层模向预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5):367-370.
[37]刘文岭.地震约束储层地质建模技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):65.
[38]龙桂华.傅里叶伪谱微分算子在波场模拟中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):193-199.
[39]鲁全贵,陈雪芳,向家万.一种消除浅层天然气影响的时深转换技术[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):616-620.
[40]陆文凯,张学工,李衍达,等.基于信号估计的高分辨率叠加速度分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(6):871-876.
[41]马海珍,雍学善,等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59.
[42]马海珍等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探.2002,37(1).
[43]马在田,曹景忠,王家林,等.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997:11-10,254-284,94-308.
[44]马在田.震成像技术有限差分法偏移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.
[45]毛伟伟,于素萍.走时层析成像正反演方法研究西安[J].邮电学院学报,2010,15(1):123-126.
[46]牟永光,陈小宏,等.地震数据处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006,130-133.
[47]潘宏勋,孙开峰,叶勇,等.地震速度分析技术新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008(6):172-177.
[48]庞雄,陈长民,等.深水沉积研究前缘问题[J].地质论评,2007,53(1):36-42.
[49]庞雄,陈长民,彭大钧,周蒂,陈红汉,等.南海珠江深水扇系统及油气[M].北京:科学出版社,2007年6月.
[50]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡—南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.
[51]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5).
[52]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[53]邱燕,彭学超,朱本铎等.南海1:100万永暑礁幅海洋区域地质调查成果[J].地质通报,2006,25(3):424.
[54]宋维琪,刘江华.地震多矢量属性相干数据体计算及应用[J].物探与化探,2003,27(2):128-130.
[55]孙开峰,叶勇.泛克里格法在三维地震资料变速成图中的应用[J].石油物探,1998,37(2):112-117.
[56]孙祥娥.地震波速度求取若干问题研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[57]唐建人,李清仁,陈炳峰.变速校t0曲射线空间归位成图方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1994,13(3):67-70.
[58]王华忠,方正茂.地震波旅行时计算[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):155-163.
[59]王辉,丁志峰.浅层地震勘探资料处理中的速度分析参数选取[J].地震地质,2006(12):597-603.
[60]王建民.连续变速曲射线t。图空校法[G].地球物理技术汇编(6),1986.
[61]王西文,苏明军,刘军.基于小波变换的地震相干的算法及应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):334-338.
[62]王兴芝.变速成图技术及在南海西部海区的应用[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[63]王衍棠,陈玲,吴大明.南海中建南盆地速度资料分析与应用[J].热带海洋学报,2006(9):49-55.
[64]王振峰,何家雄,解习农.莺歌海盆地泥-流体底辟带热流体活动对天然气运聚成藏的控制作用[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(2):203-210.
[65]王振华.无线电波透视法在我国煤矿地质中应用现状与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,1990,7(53):6-8.
[66]吴国忱,王华忠.波场模拟中的数值频散分析与校正策略[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):58-65.
[67]吴磊.叠前时间偏移方法研究及应用[D].北京:中国地质大学,2008.
[68]吴永栓.井间地震波形反演与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):337-340.
[69]吴志强,何拥军,陈建文,等.我国近海沉积层地震速度特征[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(9):22-24,27.
[70]武学明,张勇军.一种由叠加速度转换为平均速度的方法[J].中国煤炭地质,2008(8):50-53.
[71]谢建华,夏斌,张宴华,等.印度—欧亚板块碰撞对南海形成的影响研究:一种数值模拟方法[J].海洋通报,2005,24(5):47-53.
[72]辛可锋,王华忠,马在田.一种高精度的偏移速度分析方法-广义屏偏移加Born反演[J].勘探地球物理进展,20002,25(3):20-24.
[73]许江乔,王浩铭,杨彦敏.准噶尔中部地区速度场与成图方法研究[C].SEG 73届年会论文摘要,2004,639-640.
[74]许萍,傅容珊,黄建平,等.地震层析成像地壳上地幔密度异常与莫霍面深度[C].大地测量与地球动力学进展论文集.2004,632-638.
[75]薛云峰.混凝土防渗墙质量控制及检测技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2007.
[76]杨建礼,董宁,马殿仁.复杂逆断层区射线偏移方法[C].SEG 73届年会论文摘要,2004,636-638.
[77]杨联勇.波动方程叠前深度偏移及其应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
[78]杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1993,142-160.
[79]杨文采.地球物理反演和地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1989,113-235.
[80]杨耀忠,曲寿利,隋淑玲,等.地震约束建模技术在油藏模拟中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):535.
[81]姚伯初,万玲,吴能友.大南海地区新生代板块构造活动[J].中国地质,2004,31(2):113-122.
[82]易远元,宋玉梅,查树贵,等.江陵凹陷速度变化规律及原因探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(1):119-122.
[83]殷文.高精度频率域弹性波方程有限差分方法及波场模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):561-568.
[84]印兴耀,刘永社.储层建模中地质统计学整合地震数据的方法及研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):423.
[85]喻英梅,张英德,彭佳勇.海底峡谷对深部地层时深转换的影响及其消除方法[J].中国海上油气,2008(8):236-238.
[86]苑书金.地震相干体技术的研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(1):7-15.
[87]翟光明,王世洪.中国油气资源可持续发展的潜力与挑战[J].中国工程科学,2010,12(5):8-9.
[88]张春堂.分频叠前深度偏移处理方法研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2007.
[89]张华军,王海兰,肖富森,等.基于反射层的变层速度模型时深转换方法[J].天然气工业,2003(1):36-38.
[90]张军华,王月英,赵勇,等.小波多分辨率相干数据体的提取及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):33-38.
[91]张敏,李振春.偏移速度分析与建模方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):421-427.
[92]张钋,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪方法的发展现状[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36-44.
[93]艾伯特塔兰托拉.反演理论-数据拟合和模型参数估算方法[M].张先康译.北京:学术书刊出版社,1989(1):352-444.
[94]张云帆,孙珍,周蒂,等.南海北部陆缘新生代地壳减薄特征及其动力学意义[J].中国科学D辑,2007,37(12):1609-1616.
[95]赵镨,杨艳珍,艾劲松.煤炭三维地震勘探时深转换误差分析及对策[J].中国煤田地质,2006(8):49-52.
[96]周东红.叠前反演技术在锦州31-6地区浊积扇砂体含油气性预测中的应用[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(5):28-32.
[97]祝伟业,付连义,等.二维地震叠偏剖面作图方法的疑难问题[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):243-252.
[98]邹强,周熙襄,钟本善,旅行时与波阻杭联合反演求取层速度[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):396-399.
[99]左黄金.多次波去除方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2006.
[100]左龙凭,李铁,刘丽.两种平均速度提取方法的比较与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2002(2):30-32.
[101] Ashb ridge J,Pryce C,Cout el F,e t al.Fault and fractu reprediction fromcoherence data analysis.A case study: The Magnus Field,UKCS[C].SEG Technical Program Expan ded Abstracts,2000(19):1564-1567.
[102] Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic coherency for fault sand stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
[103] Bakker P.Image Structure Analysis for Seismic Interpretation[D].Netherlands:Technische Universiteit Delft,2003.
[104] Baysal E,Kosloff D D,Sherwood J W C.Reverse time migration[J].Geophysics,1989(54):718-729.
[105] Berkhout A J.A unified aPProaeh to aeoustieal reflection imaging.I:The forward model[J].J.Aeoust.Soc.Am.,1993(4):2005-2016.
[106] Berkhout A J.A unified aPProaeh to aeoustieal reflection imaging.II:The inverse Problem[J].J.Aeoust.Soc.Am.,1993(4):2017-2034.
[107] Berkhout A J.Pushing the limits of seismic imaging,Part II: Integration of Prestack Intigration,velocity estimation and AVO analysis[J].GeoPhysies,1997(62):954-969.
[108] Berkhout A J.Seismie imaging beyond depth migration[C].69th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.GeoPhys..Expanded Abstraets,1999.
[109] Beylkin G.Burridge R1 Linear lized inverse scattering problems in acoustics and elasticity[J].Wave Motion,1990(12):15-52.
[110] Bickel S H.Velocity-depth ambiguity of refleetion traveltimes[J].GeoPhysics,1990(55):266-276.
[111] Bickel S H.Velocity-depth ambiguity of refleetion traveltimes[J].GeoPhysics,1990(55):266-76.
[112] Biondi B , Fomel S , Chemingui N . Azimuth moveout for 3-D Prestack imaging[J]. GeoPhysics, 1998,63(2):574-588.
[113] Biondi B , Palaeharla G . 3-D Prestaek migration of common-azimuth data[J]. Geophysics,1996(61):1822-183.
[114] Biondi B , Sava Pwave-equation migration velocity analysis[C] . 69th Ann.I-nternat.Mtg, Soc.Expl.Geophysics.Expanded Abstract, 1999.
[115] Biondi B.Stable wide-angle Fourier-finite differenee downward extrapolation of 3-D wavefield[C].71th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc:Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,2001.
[116] Bok S.Byun.Seismic parameters for transversely isotropie media[J].Geophysies,1984,49(11):1908-1914.
[117] Bolte J F B, Prein R J, Verschuur D J, Thorbecke J W, Winthaegen P L A.Volume visualization and automatic tracking in CFP-related processing[C] . SEG Expanded Abstracts.2000(19):529-532.
[118] Bois P,et al.Well-to Well seismic measurements[J].Geophysics,1972,37:471-480.
[119] Chavent G,Jadewitz C A.Determination of background veloeities by multiple migration fitting[J].GeoPhysics,1995(60):476-490.
[120] Clapp R,Sava P,Claerbout J F.Interval velocity estimation with a null space[C].Stanford Exploration Project Report,1998,97:147-156.
[121] Daily,Somerstein,Prattand Worthington,Bishop.Use of refraction and waveequation based tomography for imaging beneath the shallow gas: A Trinidad field data[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1984(26):2812-2816.
[122] Denes Vigh,William Starr,Jerry Kapoor.Developing Earth models with full waveform inversion[J].Offshore Technology,2009(4):432-435.
[123] Deregowski S M.Comnon-offset migration and veloeity analysis[J].FirstBreak,1990(6):224-234.
[124] Deutsch C V,Journel A G.GSLIB:Geostatistical Software Library and Users Guide [M].New York:Oxford University Press,1992,71-72.
[125] Devaney A J,Oristaglio M L.Geophysical diffraction tomography[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1984(3):330-333.
[126] Devaney A J.Diffraction tomography1in:Boerner WM,et all Inverse Methods in Electromagnetic imaging,Part 2,[s]:D,Reidel Publ.Co.,1985(11):107-135.
[127] Doyen P,Guidish T.Monte Carlo simulation of lithology from seismic data in a channel sand reservoir[J] . Society Petroleum Engineers , 1989 , Paper 19588:715-721.
[128] Dines K A,Lytle R J.Computerized geophysical tomography[J].Proc.IEEE, 1979,67: 1065-1073.
[129] Dirk J,Vershuur ,Berkhout A J.Multiple technology: Part 1, Estimation of multiple reflections[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1994(13):1497-1500.
[130] Dix CH . Seismic veloeities from surface measurements[J] . Geophysies ,1955,20(l):68-77.
[131] Edward J,Maarten D H,Matheus V S, Imaging using optmal rational approximation to the paraxial wave equation[C].68th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc. Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1998.
[132] Eulogio Pardo-Iguzquiza,MLREML E.:a computer program for the inference of spatial covarance parameters by maximum like lihood and restricted likelihood[J].Computers & Geosciences,1997,23(2).
[133] Eulogio Pardo-Iguzquiza.Maximum likelihood estimation of spatial covaiance parameters[J].Mathematical Geology,1998,30(1).
[134] Gazdag J.Wave equation migration with the phase-shift method[J].Geophysics,1978(43):1342-1351.
[135] Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigen structure based coherence computations as an aid to 3D structural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics, 1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[136] Gregory Beylkin,Robert Burridge.Multiparameter inversion for acoustic and elastic media[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1987(6):747-749.
[137] Hartigan J A.Linear Bayesian methods[J].Journal of Royal Statistical Association(Seri es B),1969(31):446-454.
[138] Henning More.Bayesian Kriging-Merging observation and qualified guesses in Kiging[J].Mathematical Geology,1987,19(1):2539.
[139] J Pouzet . Estimation of a surface w ith known discontinuit ies for automatic contouring purposes[J].Mathematical Geology, 1980,12(6):559-575.
[140] Jeannot J P,Faye J P,Denelle E.Prestack migration velocities from depth focusing analysis.56 th Ann.Internat.Mgt.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.ExpandedAbstracts.1986:438-440.
[141] Jones I F.3-D prestack depth migration and velocity model building[J].The Leading Edge,1998,19(7):897-906.
[142] Journel W Xu, Tran T.Integrating seismic data in reservoir modeling:The collocated Cokriging alternative[J].Society Petroleum Engineers,1992,Paper 24742:833-842.
[143] Kay,Steven B.Building velocity-depth models for 3-D depth migration[J].The Leading Edge,1994(13):862-866.
[144] Koren Zvi.Constrained velocity invrsion[C].75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2005(24):2289-2292.
[145] Lambare G,Lucio P S,Hanyga.A two-dimensional multivalued traveltime and amplitude maps by uniform sampling of a ray field[J].Geophys.J.Int.1996(125):584-5981.
[146] Landa E,Thore P,Sorin V.Interpretation of velocity estimates from coherency inversion[J].Geophysics.1991(56):1377-1383.
[147] Landa E,Thore P,Sorin V.Uncertainty analysis of velocity estimates from coherency inversion[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1990(9):1249.
[148] Lee M,Suh.Optimization of one-way wave equations[J].Geophysics,1985, 50(10):1634-1637.
[149] Li Z.Compensating finite-difference errors in 3-D migration and modeling[J].Geophysics,1991(56):1650-1660.
[150] Liu Zhenyue,Bleistein N,Migration velocity analysis: Theory and an iterative algorithm[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):142-153.
[151] Lynn,Deregowsk S M,Common set migration and velocity analysis[J].First Break,1990,8(6):225-234.
[152] Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L,Farmer S L,et al.3-D Seismic attributes using asemblance based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[153] Marfurt K J,Sudhaker V,Gerszt enkorn A,et al.Coherence calculations in the presence of structural dip[J].Geophysics,1999,64(1):104-111.
[154] McMechan G A,Migration by extrapolation of time-dependen boundary values[J].Geophysics.Prosp.1983(31):413-420.
[155] Moser T . Shortest path calculation of seismic rays[J] . Geophysics ,1991(56):59-671.
[156] Mosher C C,Foster D J,Hassanzadeh S.Conmon angle imaging with of set plane waves[C].67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.1997:1379-1382.
[157] Mosl C C,Jin S,Foster D J,Migration veloeity analysis using common angle inage gathers[C].71 th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2001.
[158] Mostad P F.Variogram estimation in a bayesian framwork[A].In: Baafi E Y.Schofield N A,eds.Geostatistics Wollongong’96[C].1997.
[159] Neves F A,Zahran i M ,Bremkamp S W.Detection of potential fractures and small fault s using seismic attributes[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(9):903-906.
[160] Nurul Kabir,Uwe Albertin,Min Zhou,Vishal Nagassar,Einar Kjos,Phillip Whitaker.Use of refraction, reflection and wave-equation-based tomography for imaging beneath the shallow gas: A Trinidad field data example[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.2007(26):2812-2816.
[161] Paul Valasek,Partha Routh,XianHuai Zhu,et.Application of multiscale waveform tomography for high-resolution velocity estimation in complex geologic environment: Canadian Foothills synthetic data example[J] . Offshore Technology,2009(4):454-456.
[162] Podvin P,Lecomte I.Finite difference computation of traveltimes in very contrasted velocity model:a massively parallel approach and its associated tools[J].Geophys,J.Int.,1991(105):271-2841.
[163] Pouzet J.Estimation of a surface with known discontinuties for automatic contouring purposes[J].Mathematical Geology,1980,12(6).
[164] Pratt R G.Frequency-domain elastic wave modeling by finite differences:A tool for crosshole seismic imaging[J].Geophysics,1990,55(5):626-632.
[165] Pratt R G.Chapman C H.Traveltime tomography in anisotropic media-Ⅱ[J]. Application.Geophys.J.Int. 1992,109(1):20-37.
[166] Pratt R G,Shin C,Hicks G J.Gauss-Newton and full Newton methods in frequency domain seismic seismic waveform inversion[J].Geophys.J.Int. 1998(133):341-362.
[167] Pratt R G. Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain,part1:Theory and verification in a physical scale model[J]. Geophysics,1999,64(3):888-901.
[168] Qin F,Olsen K,Luo Y,Schuster G T.Finite - difference solution of thee ikonal equation along expanding wavefronts[J].Geophysics,1991(57):478-487.
[169] Randon T,Monsen E,Singner C,et al.Three-dimensional texture attributes for seismic data analysis[C].Expanded Abstracts of the 70 th Ann Internat SEG Meeting,2000,668-671.
[170] Reshef,M. The use of 3-D prestack depth imaging to estimate layer velocitieds and reflector positions[J]. 1997(62):206-210.
[171] Rob F,Hegge,John F,Bolte,Jacob T,Fokkema,Adri J W,Duijndam.CFP operator estimation and inversion demonstrated on a field dataset- Part II:Velocity estimation[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1999(18):1500-1503.
[172] Robert G , clapp . Regularizing velocity estimation using geologic dip information[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1998(17):1851-1854.
[173] Ruhl T . Finite-difference migration derived from Kirchhlff Helmholtz integral[J]. Geophysics,1996:1394-1399.
[174] Russell B.A simple seismic imaging exercise[J].The Leading Edge,1998(17):885-889.
[175] Sava P,Fomel S.Huygens wavefront tracing:A robust alternative to ray tracing[C].68th Ann.Internat. Mtg., Soc.Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,1998,1961-1964 , New Orleans.
[176] Scott A.Morton and Jan Thorbecke.Automating prestack migration analysis using common focal point gathers[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1996(15):411-414.
[177] Shin C,Cha Y H.Waveform inversion in the Laplace domain[J].Geophys.J.Int.2008(173):922-931.
[178] Sun Y.Computation of 2D multiple arrival traveltime by interpolative shooting method[J].62 th SEG Ann.Meeting.Expanded Abstract,1992,1320-1323,SEG,Tulsa.
[179] Symes W W.A slowness matching finite difference method for traveltimes beyond transmission caustics[C].68 th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,1998,1945-1948,New Orleans.
[180] Tarantola A.Migration veloeity analysis:Accounting for the effects of lateral velocity variations[J].GeoPhysics,1984(60):164-175.
[181] Tarantola A. A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismic reflection data[J]. Geophysics,1986(51):1893-1903.
[182] Tura A,Hanitzsch C.Estimating and interpreting velocity uncertainty in migrated images and AVO attributes[J].Geophysics,2001(66):1208-1216.
[183] Van Trier J , Symes W W . Upwind finite - difference calculation of traveltimes[J]. Geophysics,1991(56):812-8211.
[184] Versteeg R J . Sensitivity of prestack depth migration to the velocity model[J].Geophysics,1993,58,No.6,873-882.
[185] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination[J].Geophysics,1992,57(9):1166-1177.
[186] Vidale J E . Finite-difference calculation of traveltimes in three dimension[J].Geophysics,1990(55):521-5261.
[187] Vinje V,versen J,Gjoystadal H.Traveltime and amplitude estimation using wavefront construction[C].62th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts 1992,504-5051.
[188] Whitmore N D,Garing J D.Interval velocity estimation using iterative prestack depth migration in the constant angle domain[J].The Leading Edge,1993:757-762.
[189] William A,Schneider J r.Robust amd efficient upwind finite-difference traveltime calculations in three dimension[J].Geophysics,1995(60):1108-11171.
[190] Zhang G Q,Shan G J.Helical scheme for 2D prestack migration based on double-square-root equation[C].71th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2001.
[191] Zhang G Q,Zhang Y,Zhou H.Helical finite-difference schemes for 3-D depth migration[C].70th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2000.
[2]卞爱飞,於文辉,周华.频率域全波形反演方法研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3)982-993.
[3]曹辉.频率域2.5-D井间波形层析成像及其实际应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):915-923.
[4]曹统仁.VSP平均速度的应用[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(2):46-48.
[5]常旭,刘伊克.地震正反演与成像[M].北京:华文出版社,1999:65-67.
[6]陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[7]陈礼,葛勇.深水崎岖海底地震资料叠前深度偏移的必要性[J].中国海上油气,2005(17):12-15.
[8]陈生昌.波动方程叠前深度偏移成像与速度建模方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[9]陈生昌.叠前地震数据的平面波深度偏移法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):821-826.
[10]成谷,马在田,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像发展回顾[J].吉林大学学报,2002,25(3):6-12.
[11]董臣强,谭明友,张明振,赵利平,宋志强.Kirchhoff积分法叠前深度偏移技术在孤岛地区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):180-184.
[12]范贵良.山前高陡构造区地震成图方法研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(3):16-25.
[13]冯全雄,黄兆林,葛勇.模型研究指导层速度解释方法探索及应用[J].中国海上油气,2005(6):171～178.
[14] Guust Nolet.地震层析技术[M].冯锐,郝锦绮译.北京:地质出版社,1991(1):58-97,115-142,276-303.
[15]郝天珧,刘建华,黄忠贤等.中国边缘海岩石层结构的地球物理研究[C].海底科学战略研讨会论文集.2003:16-20.
[16]何际平,鲁烈琴,王红旗等.复杂地区速度场建立与变速构造成图方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):167-172.
[17]何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007(6):966-971.
[18]何洋.基于波前构建的射线走时和振幅计算[D].长春:吉林大学,2005.
[19]何洋.基于波前构建的射线走时和振幅计算[D].长春:吉林大学,2005.
[20]黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1992(35):223-232.
[21]黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐,等.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造时深转换中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008(6):717-721.
[22]金博,刘震,李绪深.莺歌海盆地天然气底辟优势聚集规律及勘探意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(2):196-204.
[23]李振春,张建磊,王延光,等.基于共聚焦点道集的叠前深度偏移及其应[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(4):27-31.
[24]李振春.多道集偏移速度建模方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[25]李振春编著.地震成像理论与方法[M].东营:石油大学研究生院,2004.
[26]李正文,贺振华.勘查技术工程学[M].北京:地质出版社,2002,204-204.
[27]李正文,贺振华.勘查技术工程学[M].北京:地质出版社,2002,270-271.
[28]梁锴.TTI介质P波方程频率-空间域加权平均有限差分算子[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):516-525.
[29]林珍.南沙中部海域北康·曾母盆地重磁异常特征及解释[J].物探与化探,2003,27(4):263-268.
[30]刘光鼎.中国油气资源的开发需要第二次创业[J].科技导报,2001(12):13-14.
[31]刘国华,王振宇,孙坚.弹性波层析成像及其在土木工程中的应用[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):76-81.
[32]刘洪,刘国峰,武威,等.多维波动方程逆散射的基础理论研究[J].石油物探,2007(11):569-581.
[33]刘洪,孟繁林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法[J].地球物理学报,1995(38):821-831.
[34]刘俊,刘建华,高金耀等.南海北部地壳结构重震联合模拟[J].海洋学研究,2009,27(1):44-49.
[35]刘文杰,朱大培,陈其明.贝叶斯残余克里金插值方法的研究[J].工程图形学,2001,2(2):68-76.
[36]刘文岭,夏海英.同位置协同克里金方法在储层模向预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5):367-370.
[37]刘文岭.地震约束储层地质建模技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):65.
[38]龙桂华.傅里叶伪谱微分算子在波场模拟中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):193-199.
[39]鲁全贵,陈雪芳,向家万.一种消除浅层天然气影响的时深转换技术[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):616-620.
[40]陆文凯,张学工,李衍达,等.基于信号估计的高分辨率叠加速度分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(6):871-876.
[41]马海珍,雍学善,等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59.
[42]马海珍等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探.2002,37(1).
[43]马在田,曹景忠,王家林,等.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997:11-10,254-284,94-308.
[44]马在田.震成像技术有限差分法偏移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.
[45]毛伟伟,于素萍.走时层析成像正反演方法研究西安[J].邮电学院学报,2010,15(1):123-126.
[46]牟永光,陈小宏,等.地震数据处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006,130-133.
[47]潘宏勋,孙开峰,叶勇,等.地震速度分析技术新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008(6):172-177.
[48]庞雄,陈长民,等.深水沉积研究前缘问题[J].地质论评,2007,53(1):36-42.
[49]庞雄,陈长民,彭大钧,周蒂,陈红汉,等.南海珠江深水扇系统及油气[M].北京:科学出版社,2007年6月.
[50]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡—南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.
[51]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5).
[52]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[53]邱燕,彭学超,朱本铎等.南海1:100万永暑礁幅海洋区域地质调查成果[J].地质通报,2006,25(3):424.
[54]宋维琪,刘江华.地震多矢量属性相干数据体计算及应用[J].物探与化探,2003,27(2):128-130.
[55]孙开峰,叶勇.泛克里格法在三维地震资料变速成图中的应用[J].石油物探,1998,37(2):112-117.
[56]孙祥娥.地震波速度求取若干问题研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[57]唐建人,李清仁,陈炳峰.变速校t0曲射线空间归位成图方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1994,13(3):67-70.
[58]王华忠,方正茂.地震波旅行时计算[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):155-163.
[59]王辉,丁志峰.浅层地震勘探资料处理中的速度分析参数选取[J].地震地质,2006(12):597-603.
[60]王建民.连续变速曲射线t。图空校法[G].地球物理技术汇编(6),1986.
[61]王西文,苏明军,刘军.基于小波变换的地震相干的算法及应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):334-338.
[62]王兴芝.变速成图技术及在南海西部海区的应用[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[63]王衍棠,陈玲,吴大明.南海中建南盆地速度资料分析与应用[J].热带海洋学报,2006(9):49-55.
[64]王振峰,何家雄,解习农.莺歌海盆地泥-流体底辟带热流体活动对天然气运聚成藏的控制作用[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(2):203-210.
[65]王振华.无线电波透视法在我国煤矿地质中应用现状与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,1990,7(53):6-8.
[66]吴国忱,王华忠.波场模拟中的数值频散分析与校正策略[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):58-65.
[67]吴磊.叠前时间偏移方法研究及应用[D].北京:中国地质大学,2008.
[68]吴永栓.井间地震波形反演与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):337-340.
[69]吴志强,何拥军,陈建文,等.我国近海沉积层地震速度特征[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(9):22-24,27.
[70]武学明,张勇军.一种由叠加速度转换为平均速度的方法[J].中国煤炭地质,2008(8):50-53.
[71]谢建华,夏斌,张宴华,等.印度—欧亚板块碰撞对南海形成的影响研究:一种数值模拟方法[J].海洋通报,2005,24(5):47-53.
[72]辛可锋,王华忠,马在田.一种高精度的偏移速度分析方法-广义屏偏移加Born反演[J].勘探地球物理进展,20002,25(3):20-24.
[73]许江乔,王浩铭,杨彦敏.准噶尔中部地区速度场与成图方法研究[C].SEG 73届年会论文摘要,2004,639-640.
[74]许萍,傅容珊,黄建平,等.地震层析成像地壳上地幔密度异常与莫霍面深度[C].大地测量与地球动力学进展论文集.2004,632-638.
[75]薛云峰.混凝土防渗墙质量控制及检测技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2007.
[76]杨建礼,董宁,马殿仁.复杂逆断层区射线偏移方法[C].SEG 73届年会论文摘要,2004,636-638.
[77]杨联勇.波动方程叠前深度偏移及其应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
[78]杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1993,142-160.
[79]杨文采.地球物理反演和地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1989,113-235.
[80]杨耀忠,曲寿利,隋淑玲,等.地震约束建模技术在油藏模拟中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):535.
[81]姚伯初,万玲,吴能友.大南海地区新生代板块构造活动[J].中国地质,2004,31(2):113-122.
[82]易远元,宋玉梅,查树贵,等.江陵凹陷速度变化规律及原因探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(1):119-122.
[83]殷文.高精度频率域弹性波方程有限差分方法及波场模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):561-568.
[84]印兴耀,刘永社.储层建模中地质统计学整合地震数据的方法及研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):423.
[85]喻英梅,张英德,彭佳勇.海底峡谷对深部地层时深转换的影响及其消除方法[J].中国海上油气,2008(8):236-238.
[86]苑书金.地震相干体技术的研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(1):7-15.
[87]翟光明,王世洪.中国油气资源可持续发展的潜力与挑战[J].中国工程科学,2010,12(5):8-9.
[88]张春堂.分频叠前深度偏移处理方法研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2007.
[89]张华军,王海兰,肖富森,等.基于反射层的变层速度模型时深转换方法[J].天然气工业,2003(1):36-38.
[90]张军华,王月英,赵勇,等.小波多分辨率相干数据体的提取及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):33-38.
[91]张敏,李振春.偏移速度分析与建模方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):421-427.
[92]张钋,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪方法的发展现状[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36-44.
[93]艾伯特塔兰托拉.反演理论-数据拟合和模型参数估算方法[M].张先康译.北京:学术书刊出版社,1989(1):352-444.
[94]张云帆,孙珍,周蒂,等.南海北部陆缘新生代地壳减薄特征及其动力学意义[J].中国科学D辑,2007,37(12):1609-1616.
[95]赵镨,杨艳珍,艾劲松.煤炭三维地震勘探时深转换误差分析及对策[J].中国煤田地质,2006(8):49-52.
[96]周东红.叠前反演技术在锦州31-6地区浊积扇砂体含油气性预测中的应用[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(5):28-32.
[97]祝伟业,付连义,等.二维地震叠偏剖面作图方法的疑难问题[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):243-252.
[98]邹强,周熙襄,钟本善,旅行时与波阻杭联合反演求取层速度[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):396-399.
[99]左黄金.多次波去除方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2006.
[100]左龙凭,李铁,刘丽.两种平均速度提取方法的比较与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2002(2):30-32.
[101] Ashb ridge J,Pryce C,Cout el F,e t al.Fault and fractu reprediction fromcoherence data analysis.A case study: The Magnus Field,UKCS[C].SEG Technical Program Expan ded Abstracts,2000(19):1564-1567.
[102] Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic coherency for fault sand stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
[103] Bakker P.Image Structure Analysis for Seismic Interpretation[D].Netherlands:Technische Universiteit Delft,2003.
[104] Baysal E,Kosloff D D,Sherwood J W C.Reverse time migration[J].Geophysics,1989(54):718-729.
[105] Berkhout A J.A unified aPProaeh to aeoustieal reflection imaging.I:The forward model[J].J.Aeoust.Soc.Am.,1993(4):2005-2016.
[106] Berkhout A J.A unified aPProaeh to aeoustieal reflection imaging.II:The inverse Problem[J].J.Aeoust.Soc.Am.,1993(4):2017-2034.
[107] Berkhout A J.Pushing the limits of seismic imaging,Part II: Integration of Prestack Intigration,velocity estimation and AVO analysis[J].GeoPhysies,1997(62):954-969.
[108] Berkhout A J.Seismie imaging beyond depth migration[C].69th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.GeoPhys..Expanded Abstraets,1999.
[109] Beylkin G.Burridge R1 Linear lized inverse scattering problems in acoustics and elasticity[J].Wave Motion,1990(12):15-52.
[110] Bickel S H.Velocity-depth ambiguity of refleetion traveltimes[J].GeoPhysics,1990(55):266-276.
[111] Bickel S H.Velocity-depth ambiguity of refleetion traveltimes[J].GeoPhysics,1990(55):266-76.
[112] Biondi B , Fomel S , Chemingui N . Azimuth moveout for 3-D Prestack imaging[J]. GeoPhysics, 1998,63(2):574-588.
[113] Biondi B , Palaeharla G . 3-D Prestaek migration of common-azimuth data[J]. Geophysics,1996(61):1822-183.
[114] Biondi B , Sava Pwave-equation migration velocity analysis[C] . 69th Ann.I-nternat.Mtg, Soc.Expl.Geophysics.Expanded Abstract, 1999.
[115] Biondi B.Stable wide-angle Fourier-finite differenee downward extrapolation of 3-D wavefield[C].71th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc:Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,2001.
[116] Bok S.Byun.Seismic parameters for transversely isotropie media[J].Geophysies,1984,49(11):1908-1914.
[117] Bolte J F B, Prein R J, Verschuur D J, Thorbecke J W, Winthaegen P L A.Volume visualization and automatic tracking in CFP-related processing[C] . SEG Expanded Abstracts.2000(19):529-532.
[118] Bois P,et al.Well-to Well seismic measurements[J].Geophysics,1972,37:471-480.
[119] Chavent G,Jadewitz C A.Determination of background veloeities by multiple migration fitting[J].GeoPhysics,1995(60):476-490.
[120] Clapp R,Sava P,Claerbout J F.Interval velocity estimation with a null space[C].Stanford Exploration Project Report,1998,97:147-156.
[121] Daily,Somerstein,Prattand Worthington,Bishop.Use of refraction and waveequation based tomography for imaging beneath the shallow gas: A Trinidad field data[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1984(26):2812-2816.
[122] Denes Vigh,William Starr,Jerry Kapoor.Developing Earth models with full waveform inversion[J].Offshore Technology,2009(4):432-435.
[123] Deregowski S M.Comnon-offset migration and veloeity analysis[J].FirstBreak,1990(6):224-234.
[124] Deutsch C V,Journel A G.GSLIB:Geostatistical Software Library and Users Guide [M].New York:Oxford University Press,1992,71-72.
[125] Devaney A J,Oristaglio M L.Geophysical diffraction tomography[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1984(3):330-333.
[126] Devaney A J.Diffraction tomography1in:Boerner WM,et all Inverse Methods in Electromagnetic imaging,Part 2,[s]:D,Reidel Publ.Co.,1985(11):107-135.
[127] Doyen P,Guidish T.Monte Carlo simulation of lithology from seismic data in a channel sand reservoir[J] . Society Petroleum Engineers , 1989 , Paper 19588:715-721.
[128] Dines K A,Lytle R J.Computerized geophysical tomography[J].Proc.IEEE, 1979,67: 1065-1073.
[129] Dirk J,Vershuur ,Berkhout A J.Multiple technology: Part 1, Estimation of multiple reflections[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1994(13):1497-1500.
[130] Dix CH . Seismic veloeities from surface measurements[J] . Geophysies ,1955,20(l):68-77.
[131] Edward J,Maarten D H,Matheus V S, Imaging using optmal rational approximation to the paraxial wave equation[C].68th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc. Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1998.
[132] Eulogio Pardo-Iguzquiza,MLREML E.:a computer program for the inference of spatial covarance parameters by maximum like lihood and restricted likelihood[J].Computers & Geosciences,1997,23(2).
[133] Eulogio Pardo-Iguzquiza.Maximum likelihood estimation of spatial covaiance parameters[J].Mathematical Geology,1998,30(1).
[134] Gazdag J.Wave equation migration with the phase-shift method[J].Geophysics,1978(43):1342-1351.
[135] Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigen structure based coherence computations as an aid to 3D structural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics, 1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[136] Gregory Beylkin,Robert Burridge.Multiparameter inversion for acoustic and elastic media[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1987(6):747-749.
[137] Hartigan J A.Linear Bayesian methods[J].Journal of Royal Statistical Association(Seri es B),1969(31):446-454.
[138] Henning More.Bayesian Kriging-Merging observation and qualified guesses in Kiging[J].Mathematical Geology,1987,19(1):2539.
[139] J Pouzet . Estimation of a surface w ith known discontinuit ies for automatic contouring purposes[J].Mathematical Geology, 1980,12(6):559-575.
[140] Jeannot J P,Faye J P,Denelle E.Prestack migration velocities from depth focusing analysis.56 th Ann.Internat.Mgt.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.ExpandedAbstracts.1986:438-440.
[141] Jones I F.3-D prestack depth migration and velocity model building[J].The Leading Edge,1998,19(7):897-906.
[142] Journel W Xu, Tran T.Integrating seismic data in reservoir modeling:The collocated Cokriging alternative[J].Society Petroleum Engineers,1992,Paper 24742:833-842.
[143] Kay,Steven B.Building velocity-depth models for 3-D depth migration[J].The Leading Edge,1994(13):862-866.
[144] Koren Zvi.Constrained velocity invrsion[C].75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2005(24):2289-2292.
[145] Lambare G,Lucio P S,Hanyga.A two-dimensional multivalued traveltime and amplitude maps by uniform sampling of a ray field[J].Geophys.J.Int.1996(125):584-5981.
[146] Landa E,Thore P,Sorin V.Interpretation of velocity estimates from coherency inversion[J].Geophysics.1991(56):1377-1383.
[147] Landa E,Thore P,Sorin V.Uncertainty analysis of velocity estimates from coherency inversion[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1990(9):1249.
[148] Lee M,Suh.Optimization of one-way wave equations[J].Geophysics,1985, 50(10):1634-1637.
[149] Li Z.Compensating finite-difference errors in 3-D migration and modeling[J].Geophysics,1991(56):1650-1660.
[150] Liu Zhenyue,Bleistein N,Migration velocity analysis: Theory and an iterative algorithm[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):142-153.
[151] Lynn,Deregowsk S M,Common set migration and velocity analysis[J].First Break,1990,8(6):225-234.
[152] Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L,Farmer S L,et al.3-D Seismic attributes using asemblance based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[153] Marfurt K J,Sudhaker V,Gerszt enkorn A,et al.Coherence calculations in the presence of structural dip[J].Geophysics,1999,64(1):104-111.
[154] McMechan G A,Migration by extrapolation of time-dependen boundary values[J].Geophysics.Prosp.1983(31):413-420.
[155] Moser T . Shortest path calculation of seismic rays[J] . Geophysics ,1991(56):59-671.
[156] Mosher C C,Foster D J,Hassanzadeh S.Conmon angle imaging with of set plane waves[C].67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.1997:1379-1382.
[157] Mosl C C,Jin S,Foster D J,Migration veloeity analysis using common angle inage gathers[C].71 th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2001.
[158] Mostad P F.Variogram estimation in a bayesian framwork[A].In: Baafi E Y.Schofield N A,eds.Geostatistics Wollongong’96[C].1997.
[159] Neves F A,Zahran i M ,Bremkamp S W.Detection of potential fractures and small fault s using seismic attributes[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(9):903-906.
[160] Nurul Kabir,Uwe Albertin,Min Zhou,Vishal Nagassar,Einar Kjos,Phillip Whitaker.Use of refraction, reflection and wave-equation-based tomography for imaging beneath the shallow gas: A Trinidad field data example[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.2007(26):2812-2816.
[161] Paul Valasek,Partha Routh,XianHuai Zhu,et.Application of multiscale waveform tomography for high-resolution velocity estimation in complex geologic environment: Canadian Foothills synthetic data example[J] . Offshore Technology,2009(4):454-456.
[162] Podvin P,Lecomte I.Finite difference computation of traveltimes in very contrasted velocity model:a massively parallel approach and its associated tools[J].Geophys,J.Int.,1991(105):271-2841.
[163] Pouzet J.Estimation of a surface with known discontinuties for automatic contouring purposes[J].Mathematical Geology,1980,12(6).
[164] Pratt R G.Frequency-domain elastic wave modeling by finite differences:A tool for crosshole seismic imaging[J].Geophysics,1990,55(5):626-632.
[165] Pratt R G.Chapman C H.Traveltime tomography in anisotropic media-Ⅱ[J]. Application.Geophys.J.Int. 1992,109(1):20-37.
[166] Pratt R G,Shin C,Hicks G J.Gauss-Newton and full Newton methods in frequency domain seismic seismic waveform inversion[J].Geophys.J.Int. 1998(133):341-362.
[167] Pratt R G. Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain,part1:Theory and verification in a physical scale model[J]. Geophysics,1999,64(3):888-901.
[168] Qin F,Olsen K,Luo Y,Schuster G T.Finite - difference solution of thee ikonal equation along expanding wavefronts[J].Geophysics,1991(57):478-487.
[169] Randon T,Monsen E,Singner C,et al.Three-dimensional texture attributes for seismic data analysis[C].Expanded Abstracts of the 70 th Ann Internat SEG Meeting,2000,668-671.
[170] Reshef,M. The use of 3-D prestack depth imaging to estimate layer velocitieds and reflector positions[J]. 1997(62):206-210.
[171] Rob F,Hegge,John F,Bolte,Jacob T,Fokkema,Adri J W,Duijndam.CFP operator estimation and inversion demonstrated on a field dataset- Part II:Velocity estimation[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1999(18):1500-1503.
[172] Robert G , clapp . Regularizing velocity estimation using geologic dip information[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1998(17):1851-1854.
[173] Ruhl T . Finite-difference migration derived from Kirchhlff Helmholtz integral[J]. Geophysics,1996:1394-1399.
[174] Russell B.A simple seismic imaging exercise[J].The Leading Edge,1998(17):885-889.
[175] Sava P,Fomel S.Huygens wavefront tracing:A robust alternative to ray tracing[C].68th Ann.Internat. Mtg., Soc.Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,1998,1961-1964 , New Orleans.
[176] Scott A.Morton and Jan Thorbecke.Automating prestack migration analysis using common focal point gathers[C].SEG Expanded Abstracts.1996(15):411-414.
[177] Shin C,Cha Y H.Waveform inversion in the Laplace domain[J].Geophys.J.Int.2008(173):922-931.
[178] Sun Y.Computation of 2D multiple arrival traveltime by interpolative shooting method[J].62 th SEG Ann.Meeting.Expanded Abstract,1992,1320-1323,SEG,Tulsa.
[179] Symes W W.A slowness matching finite difference method for traveltimes beyond transmission caustics[C].68 th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,1998,1945-1948,New Orleans.
[180] Tarantola A.Migration veloeity analysis:Accounting for the effects of lateral velocity variations[J].GeoPhysics,1984(60):164-175.
[181] Tarantola A. A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismic reflection data[J]. Geophysics,1986(51):1893-1903.
[182] Tura A,Hanitzsch C.Estimating and interpreting velocity uncertainty in migrated images and AVO attributes[J].Geophysics,2001(66):1208-1216.
[183] Van Trier J , Symes W W . Upwind finite - difference calculation of traveltimes[J]. Geophysics,1991(56):812-8211.
[184] Versteeg R J . Sensitivity of prestack depth migration to the velocity model[J].Geophysics,1993,58,No.6,873-882.
[185] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination[J].Geophysics,1992,57(9):1166-1177.
[186] Vidale J E . Finite-difference calculation of traveltimes in three dimension[J].Geophysics,1990(55):521-5261.
[187] Vinje V,versen J,Gjoystadal H.Traveltime and amplitude estimation using wavefront construction[C].62th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts 1992,504-5051.
[188] Whitmore N D,Garing J D.Interval velocity estimation using iterative prestack depth migration in the constant angle domain[J].The Leading Edge,1993:757-762.
[189] William A,Schneider J r.Robust amd efficient upwind finite-difference traveltime calculations in three dimension[J].Geophysics,1995(60):1108-11171.
[190] Zhang G Q,Shan G J.Helical scheme for 2D prestack migration based on double-square-root equation[C].71th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2001.
[191] Zhang G Q,Zhang Y,Zhou H.Helical finite-difference schemes for 3-D depth migration[C].70th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soe.Expi.Geophys,SEG Expanded Abstracts.2000.