山东近岸海域水体细菌多样性研究
摘要
海洋细菌在海洋生态系统中有机物的生成和分解、海洋环境的修复以及有机营养物质和能量循环的过程中占有重要的地位。本研究分别于2006年8月(夏季)、2007年4月(春季)、2007年10月(秋季)在山东近岸海域采集水体样品。对胶州湾附近的SD1站位和烟台近海海域的SD2站位水体细菌采用ARDRA方法分析细菌群落多样性和季节变化,为海洋微生物资源调查和海洋资源的开发和利用提供有益数据。
在夏、春、秋三个季节,SD1站位分别得到45、30和51个不同的酶切图谱,16S rDNA文库覆盖率分别为77.5%、85.0%和74.5%；SD2站位分别得到42、47和41个不同的酶切图谱,16S rDNA文库覆盖率分别为79.0%、76.5%和79.5%。两个站位的文库覆盖率均大于70%,说明所构建的文库可以反映海洋环境中的细菌多样性。
两个站位样品16S rDNA序列与数据库中序列比对的结果表明：SD1站位海水样品鉴定的细菌主要属于四个门类：变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。其中α-Proteobacteria为该站位第一优势菌,其次为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。SD2站位海水样品鉴定的细菌主要属于八个门类,包括：变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。其中α-变形杆菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)为该站位第一优势菌,其次为γ-变形杆菌纲和ε-变形杆菌纲。因此,SD2站位细菌多样性高于SD1站位。
对两个站位三个季节细菌多样性及所占比例进行分析,结果表明：SD1站位和SD2站位优势菌种的种群组成和种群数量随季节均略有变化。
本研究两个站位中均发现未鉴定的细菌,说明山东近岸海域可能存在很多未知的海洋新种,有待于进一步探讨研究。
Marine bacteria play a key role in production and degradation of organic matters, the bioremediation in marine environments, as well as the energy flow and nutrients cycling. To investigate diversity and composition of bacterial communities, sampling were carried out in coastal areas of Shandong province during August of 2006(summer), April of 2007(spring) and October of 2007(autumn) using ARDRA. 16S rDNA fragments of bacteria were PCR amplified and 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed to investigate bacterial diversity and community composition.
At station SD1, the numbers of positives which have different enzyme digestion maps were 45,30, and 51 respectively. The coverage of the three libraries were 77.5%, 85.0% and 74.5% respectively. At the same time, in the station SD2, the numbers of positives which have different enzyme digestion maps were 42,47 and 41 respectively. The coverage of the three libraries were 79.0%,76.5% and 79.5% respectively. The coverage of the two stations' libraries were all above 70%, so these libraries can reflect the bacterial diversity in the marine environment.
Diversity of bacterial community was higher at station SD2 than SD1. Four main lineages, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes, were investigated at SD1,.compared with the published sequences in GenBank database and guided by the phylogenetic tree. a-Proteobacteria dominated the community at SD1,, followed by Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Eight main lineages, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes and Planctomycetes, were detected at station SD2. a-Proteobacteria dominated the community at station SD2, followed by y-Proteobacteria andε-Proteobacteria.
The comparative analysis of bacterial diversity and the percentage of bacteria populations in the two station was made. The results showed that both the population composition and population quantity of the dominated bacterium varied slightly by season in the station SD1 and station SD2.
Unknown species were detected at two stations, indicated that there were still many unknown new species in the marine in Shandong coast line.
在夏、春、秋三个季节,SD1站位分别得到45、30和51个不同的酶切图谱,16S rDNA文库覆盖率分别为77.5%、85.0%和74.5%；SD2站位分别得到42、47和41个不同的酶切图谱,16S rDNA文库覆盖率分别为79.0%、76.5%和79.5%。两个站位的文库覆盖率均大于70%,说明所构建的文库可以反映海洋环境中的细菌多样性。
两个站位样品16S rDNA序列与数据库中序列比对的结果表明：SD1站位海水样品鉴定的细菌主要属于四个门类：变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。其中α-Proteobacteria为该站位第一优势菌,其次为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。SD2站位海水样品鉴定的细菌主要属于八个门类,包括：变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。其中α-变形杆菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)为该站位第一优势菌,其次为γ-变形杆菌纲和ε-变形杆菌纲。因此,SD2站位细菌多样性高于SD1站位。
对两个站位三个季节细菌多样性及所占比例进行分析,结果表明：SD1站位和SD2站位优势菌种的种群组成和种群数量随季节均略有变化。
本研究两个站位中均发现未鉴定的细菌,说明山东近岸海域可能存在很多未知的海洋新种,有待于进一步探讨研究。
Marine bacteria play a key role in production and degradation of organic matters, the bioremediation in marine environments, as well as the energy flow and nutrients cycling. To investigate diversity and composition of bacterial communities, sampling were carried out in coastal areas of Shandong province during August of 2006(summer), April of 2007(spring) and October of 2007(autumn) using ARDRA. 16S rDNA fragments of bacteria were PCR amplified and 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed to investigate bacterial diversity and community composition.
At station SD1, the numbers of positives which have different enzyme digestion maps were 45,30, and 51 respectively. The coverage of the three libraries were 77.5%, 85.0% and 74.5% respectively. At the same time, in the station SD2, the numbers of positives which have different enzyme digestion maps were 42,47 and 41 respectively. The coverage of the three libraries were 79.0%,76.5% and 79.5% respectively. The coverage of the two stations' libraries were all above 70%, so these libraries can reflect the bacterial diversity in the marine environment.
Diversity of bacterial community was higher at station SD2 than SD1. Four main lineages, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes, were investigated at SD1,.compared with the published sequences in GenBank database and guided by the phylogenetic tree. a-Proteobacteria dominated the community at SD1,, followed by Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Eight main lineages, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes and Planctomycetes, were detected at station SD2. a-Proteobacteria dominated the community at station SD2, followed by y-Proteobacteria andε-Proteobacteria.
The comparative analysis of bacterial diversity and the percentage of bacteria populations in the two station was made. The results showed that both the population composition and population quantity of the dominated bacterium varied slightly by season in the station SD1 and station SD2.
Unknown species were detected at two stations, indicated that there were still many unknown new species in the marine in Shandong coast line.
引文
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