龙江水电站坝址、坝型及工程总体布置方案选择研究
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摘要
坝址选择是水利水电工程预可行性研究阶段一个非常重要的任务,坝址、坝型选择及工程总体布置的合理与否,直接影响到工程的效益,甚至关系到工程的成败。选择好坝址、坝型及工程总体布置是减少投资的关键因素。
随着大、中型水电站的建设,在现有技术发展条件下,必须对水电站坝址坝型做出合理的选择,对工程总体布置提出更加合理和切合实际的布置方案,这将对工程建设具有重要的意义。
论文以龙江水电站建设项目为依据,对其坝址选择、坝型选择及工程总体布置方案的选择等做了详细的分析比较,进行了深入的研究。
论文在简单说明了选题的背景、目的和意义后,介绍了工程方案选择的理论部分,分析了坝址选择考虑的因素;接着介绍了各种坝型的不同特征,指出水电站工程总体布置方案选择要考虑的因素。用有效地理论依据,指出水电站坝型、坝址和工程总体布置方案选择要考虑的各个方面。
在论文的第三章作者在坝址的选择中,应用价值工程理论,分析了龙江水电站的坝型、坝址和工程总体布置方案选择。在坝址选择中,经过初步比选,上、下两坝址分别选择沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝和混凝土重力坝为代表坝型进行坝址比较。上坝址的比选过程中根据上坝址的地形、地质条件,通过数据采集对枢纽布置、挡水建筑物的的结构布置、坝顶高程的计算、坝坡稳定的计算、基础处理、泄水建筑物、引水建筑物、厂房和变电站的布置等因数从技术上对两种方案进行了列比,最后在方案技术都可行的基础上,又从施工工期、工程施工条件、工程运行操作的方面进行更进一步的论证,在对工程量和投资进行了比较后,最终通过价值系数的计算选定上坝址以混凝土重力坝为代表坝型。下坝址的比选和上坝址略有不同,在考虑了当地地址条件后认为利用当地材料做基础的沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝不具备优势。同时下坝址河谷相对上坝址较窄,混凝土重力坝和混凝土拱坝均可行。在选定这两个方案后也是通过和在上坝址选择过程一样的方法对下坝址进行了技术经济比较,最终选定下坝址以混凝土拱坝为代表坝型。在最终的坝址选择过程中通过性价对比,得出上、下坝址三种坝型四个枢纽布置方案中,下坝址的混凝土拱坝坝型及枢纽布置优于其余三个枢纽布置方案,所以选用下坝址的混凝土双曲拱坝坝型为基本坝型。
文中总体工程的布置方案比选是在进行了坝型坝址的选择后对厂房布置方案的选择。在说明了比较原则的大前提下列出了坝后式厂房、左岸地面厂房、右岸地下厂房三个比选方案,然后在对地址地形条件、施工条件、施工工期、工程布置、工程运行、工程量和投资等功能系数和成本比较进行价值系数计算后,最终确定了左岸地面厂房方案。
Dam site selection is a very important task in hydropower engineering pre-feasibility study stage. Dam site, dam type selection and project layout directly affects the engineering benefit, even relates to project success. Choosing a good dam site, dam type and the project layout is the key factor to reduce investment.
With the construction of medium and large hydropower station, under the existing technical development condition, it is necessary to make reasonable selection of dam type, and put forward more reasonable and practical layout scheme to the general layout of the project, which will be significant for engineering construction.
The thesis deeply studies on the dam site, dam type and project layout scheme selection on the basis of longjiang hydropower station.
The dissertation introduces the theory of engineering scheme selection, analyzes the factors of dam site selection; Then it introduces various dams` different characteristics and points out the general arrangement plan selection factors in hydropower engineering. Using effectively theoretical basis, points out the all aspects to be considered in dam site, dam type and engineering overall arrangement.
In the third chapter, author uses the Reviews of VE Theory, and analyzes the theoretical part of the dam type, dam site and engineering general arrangement plan selection in longjiang hydropower station. In the dam site choice, through compute the value efficient, upper and lower two dam site of asphalt concrete core wall respectively, choose represented a rockfill dam and concrete gravity dam to compare. In the process of dam site choice, it compares the two methods according to the topography and geology conditions of dam site, through the data collection for the general layout, the buildings of retaining water structure arrangement, alignment of dam slope elevation calculation, stable calculation, foundation treatment, discharge water buildings, water diversion buildings, workshops and substation technically arrangement. Finally in scheme based on technical all feasible, and from construction period, engineering construction condition, project operation aspects of the argument, in further on the quantities and investment to compare the dam, and finally choose the represented dam type by concrete gravity dam. The lower dam site choice is slightly different, in the dam site after considering the local address conditions that with local materials basic asphalt concrete core wall rockfill dam has no advantage. Meanwhile the down dam-site river valley is narrower than the up one, concrete gravity dam and concrete arch dams are both feasible. After the two solutions, in down dam selection it is also under the same technical and economic comparison of the dam with the up dam, finally the concrete arch dams is selected. In the final dam site selection process through comparing figure method, we learned that of three dam types and four general layout schemes, the concrete arch dam type and the general layout are better than the rest of the three general layout schemes, so choosing the concrete hyperbolic arch dam as the basic type of dam.
The overall project layout scheme is the choice of powerhouse layout options after the dam site and dam type selection. After illustrating the comparison principle,the dam powerhouse, left bank ground powerhouse, the joint than choose three underground workshop, And then after value coefficient calculation between function coefficient of site topographic conditions, construction conditions, construction period, construction layout, project operation, engineering quantity, investment and so on and cost comparison,
随着大、中型水电站的建设,在现有技术发展条件下,必须对水电站坝址坝型做出合理的选择,对工程总体布置提出更加合理和切合实际的布置方案,这将对工程建设具有重要的意义。
论文以龙江水电站建设项目为依据,对其坝址选择、坝型选择及工程总体布置方案的选择等做了详细的分析比较,进行了深入的研究。
论文在简单说明了选题的背景、目的和意义后,介绍了工程方案选择的理论部分,分析了坝址选择考虑的因素;接着介绍了各种坝型的不同特征,指出水电站工程总体布置方案选择要考虑的因素。用有效地理论依据,指出水电站坝型、坝址和工程总体布置方案选择要考虑的各个方面。
在论文的第三章作者在坝址的选择中,应用价值工程理论,分析了龙江水电站的坝型、坝址和工程总体布置方案选择。在坝址选择中,经过初步比选,上、下两坝址分别选择沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝和混凝土重力坝为代表坝型进行坝址比较。上坝址的比选过程中根据上坝址的地形、地质条件,通过数据采集对枢纽布置、挡水建筑物的的结构布置、坝顶高程的计算、坝坡稳定的计算、基础处理、泄水建筑物、引水建筑物、厂房和变电站的布置等因数从技术上对两种方案进行了列比,最后在方案技术都可行的基础上,又从施工工期、工程施工条件、工程运行操作的方面进行更进一步的论证,在对工程量和投资进行了比较后,最终通过价值系数的计算选定上坝址以混凝土重力坝为代表坝型。下坝址的比选和上坝址略有不同,在考虑了当地地址条件后认为利用当地材料做基础的沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝不具备优势。同时下坝址河谷相对上坝址较窄,混凝土重力坝和混凝土拱坝均可行。在选定这两个方案后也是通过和在上坝址选择过程一样的方法对下坝址进行了技术经济比较,最终选定下坝址以混凝土拱坝为代表坝型。在最终的坝址选择过程中通过性价对比,得出上、下坝址三种坝型四个枢纽布置方案中,下坝址的混凝土拱坝坝型及枢纽布置优于其余三个枢纽布置方案,所以选用下坝址的混凝土双曲拱坝坝型为基本坝型。
文中总体工程的布置方案比选是在进行了坝型坝址的选择后对厂房布置方案的选择。在说明了比较原则的大前提下列出了坝后式厂房、左岸地面厂房、右岸地下厂房三个比选方案,然后在对地址地形条件、施工条件、施工工期、工程布置、工程运行、工程量和投资等功能系数和成本比较进行价值系数计算后,最终确定了左岸地面厂房方案。
Dam site selection is a very important task in hydropower engineering pre-feasibility study stage. Dam site, dam type selection and project layout directly affects the engineering benefit, even relates to project success. Choosing a good dam site, dam type and the project layout is the key factor to reduce investment.
With the construction of medium and large hydropower station, under the existing technical development condition, it is necessary to make reasonable selection of dam type, and put forward more reasonable and practical layout scheme to the general layout of the project, which will be significant for engineering construction.
The thesis deeply studies on the dam site, dam type and project layout scheme selection on the basis of longjiang hydropower station.
The dissertation introduces the theory of engineering scheme selection, analyzes the factors of dam site selection; Then it introduces various dams` different characteristics and points out the general arrangement plan selection factors in hydropower engineering. Using effectively theoretical basis, points out the all aspects to be considered in dam site, dam type and engineering overall arrangement.
In the third chapter, author uses the Reviews of VE Theory, and analyzes the theoretical part of the dam type, dam site and engineering general arrangement plan selection in longjiang hydropower station. In the dam site choice, through compute the value efficient, upper and lower two dam site of asphalt concrete core wall respectively, choose represented a rockfill dam and concrete gravity dam to compare. In the process of dam site choice, it compares the two methods according to the topography and geology conditions of dam site, through the data collection for the general layout, the buildings of retaining water structure arrangement, alignment of dam slope elevation calculation, stable calculation, foundation treatment, discharge water buildings, water diversion buildings, workshops and substation technically arrangement. Finally in scheme based on technical all feasible, and from construction period, engineering construction condition, project operation aspects of the argument, in further on the quantities and investment to compare the dam, and finally choose the represented dam type by concrete gravity dam. The lower dam site choice is slightly different, in the dam site after considering the local address conditions that with local materials basic asphalt concrete core wall rockfill dam has no advantage. Meanwhile the down dam-site river valley is narrower than the up one, concrete gravity dam and concrete arch dams are both feasible. After the two solutions, in down dam selection it is also under the same technical and economic comparison of the dam with the up dam, finally the concrete arch dams is selected. In the final dam site selection process through comparing figure method, we learned that of three dam types and four general layout schemes, the concrete arch dam type and the general layout are better than the rest of the three general layout schemes, so choosing the concrete hyperbolic arch dam as the basic type of dam.
The overall project layout scheme is the choice of powerhouse layout options after the dam site and dam type selection. After illustrating the comparison principle,the dam powerhouse, left bank ground powerhouse, the joint than choose three underground workshop, And then after value coefficient calculation between function coefficient of site topographic conditions, construction conditions, construction period, construction layout, project operation, engineering quantity, investment and so on and cost comparison,
引文
[1]刘思海.合丰电站坝基岩体基本质量和坝址选定[J].湖土工基础,2003,7(3):24-26.
[2]于永叶.水电站施工总体布置优化研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.
[3]高超.山西省坪上水库坝址的选择[J].山西水利科技,2006,29(4):15-16.
[4]段君奇.巴塘水电站坝址选择工程地质研究[D].甘肃:兰州大学,2009.
[5]何善国.左江水利枢纽坝址选择及水工建筑物布置[J].广西水利水电,2003,7(7):15-17.
[6]水电水利规划设计总院主编.水利发电工程地质勘察规范(GB50287-2006) [S].2008.
[7]王芝尧陈绮.西南活断层区水库筑坝设计思考[J].水科学与工程技术,2008(2):28-31.
[8]陈志强.水利枢纽工程坝型选择影响因素的分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学水利水电工程学院,2007.
[9]孙恭尧.高碾压混凝土重力坝[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[10]潘家铮.重力坝设计[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1987.
[11]李建伟.丰坪水库工程坝型选择[J].云南水力发电,2003(B05):26-29.
[12]朱晟.当代沥青混凝土心墙坝的进展[M].湖北:人民长江出版社,2004.
[13]张启富.砼面板堆石坝的现状与展望[M].安徽:安徽水利科技出版社,1994.
[14]张存济.强震区高坝抗震可靠度综合评价[J].水利水电技术,1996(11):15.
[15]张仲卿.碾压混凝土拱坝[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[16]黎展眉.拱坝[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1982.
[17]谢洪波.对筒车坝拱坝初设坝址及坝型选择[J].四川水利,2004(06):7.
[18]杨志雄.引水渡水电站枢纽布置及特点[M].贵州:贵州水力发电,2000.
[19]李宗杰,耿庆滨.利用模糊数学综合评判法进行枢纽位置优选[J].农田水利与小水电,1992(12):23.
[20]刘春燕.娘娘滩水库枢纽布置方案选择[J].西北水力发电,2005(04):14-16.
[21]尹贻林.建设工程项目价值管理[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2006.
[22]王向明.价值工程理论与优化设计探讨[J].山西水利,2001(3):33.
[2]于永叶.水电站施工总体布置优化研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.
[3]高超.山西省坪上水库坝址的选择[J].山西水利科技,2006,29(4):15-16.
[4]段君奇.巴塘水电站坝址选择工程地质研究[D].甘肃:兰州大学,2009.
[5]何善国.左江水利枢纽坝址选择及水工建筑物布置[J].广西水利水电,2003,7(7):15-17.
[6]水电水利规划设计总院主编.水利发电工程地质勘察规范(GB50287-2006) [S].2008.
[7]王芝尧陈绮.西南活断层区水库筑坝设计思考[J].水科学与工程技术,2008(2):28-31.
[8]陈志强.水利枢纽工程坝型选择影响因素的分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学水利水电工程学院,2007.
[9]孙恭尧.高碾压混凝土重力坝[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[10]潘家铮.重力坝设计[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1987.
[11]李建伟.丰坪水库工程坝型选择[J].云南水力发电,2003(B05):26-29.
[12]朱晟.当代沥青混凝土心墙坝的进展[M].湖北:人民长江出版社,2004.
[13]张启富.砼面板堆石坝的现状与展望[M].安徽:安徽水利科技出版社,1994.
[14]张存济.强震区高坝抗震可靠度综合评价[J].水利水电技术,1996(11):15.
[15]张仲卿.碾压混凝土拱坝[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[16]黎展眉.拱坝[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1982.
[17]谢洪波.对筒车坝拱坝初设坝址及坝型选择[J].四川水利,2004(06):7.
[18]杨志雄.引水渡水电站枢纽布置及特点[M].贵州:贵州水力发电,2000.
[19]李宗杰,耿庆滨.利用模糊数学综合评判法进行枢纽位置优选[J].农田水利与小水电,1992(12):23.
[20]刘春燕.娘娘滩水库枢纽布置方案选择[J].西北水力发电,2005(04):14-16.
[21]尹贻林.建设工程项目价值管理[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2006.
[22]王向明.价值工程理论与优化设计探讨[J].山西水利,2001(3):33.