京港澳高速公路K1050+290处边坡治理研究
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摘要
随着湖北省高速公路的飞跃发展带来越来越多的问题,前期建设遗留下来的众多问题也越发突出,在这些问题中公路的养护中的边坡治理加固尤其显著,在湖北地区特有的地质条件下,边坡治理问题存在各种各样的问题和困难。
本文主要是针对湖北省京港澳高速公路在K1050+290处的边坡出现裂缝及出现粹落石等问题,在通过前期现场调研获得其特有的水文地质、地貌、地形、地层岩性及构成和各项力学参数等资料基础上,并进行现场的测量和观察该高边坡加固治理前破面和破体所表现出的一些特征,针对其病害和业主要求,经过多项方案比选后提出了一套较为合适的工程防护设计方案。本方案的设计主要是根据以下思路来进行的,以京港澳高速公路K1050+225处横断面进行分析,在掌握影响此边坡的主要因素和发生变行破坏的机制等条件后,用工程分析软件理正来确定边坡的潜在滑动面,分析边坡治理前的稳定系数,从而确定出对此边坡进行的加固的主要支挡结构重力式挡土墙和锚杆。重力式挡土墙设计完后,应验算重力式挡土墙的各项安全系数,确保次挡土墙的合理有效性；在锚杆方面,通过理正软件来对锚杆进行设计,最后计算边坡锚杆加固后的剩余下滑力,求出边坡的稳定系数,到达验算边坡的稳定系是否到达了工程设计要求以及锚杆的取舍是否比较经济等。对此高边坡采取重力式挡土墙和锚杆综合使用的同时,进一步优化其排水系统,减少日后水对次边坡的影响,确保边坡的长期稳定。文章的最后通过有限元的方法对这两支挡结构的综合使用其进行理论验算,验证高边坡经过加固治理后的到达了工程上要求的安全可靠性,从而确保这个方案的可行性和合理性。最后提出在边坡处治前后,均应保证持续的坡面观测。为防止实际情况可能会与预期情况有差别,有必要采用信息化动态设计方法,对破坏边坡的范围、移动方向和速度以及地下水等进行监测。如出现特殊情况,应调整处治措施。
通过本工程实例的分析和研究,对边坡工程有了更深入的了解和掌握,进一步理解边坡分析计算的理论,并能够把这些理论应用到实践工程中,在今后的工程开展中能根据工程特有的条件和特点快速的采取一个行之有效的加固治理方案。
With the rapid development of expressways in Hubei Province,which brings more and more problems and pre-construction of the many problems left over from the more prominent in the conservation of these problems in the Highway Slope reinforcement was particularly notable, unique to the region in Hubei geological conditions, the slope of governance there are various problems and difficulties.
This article is for Beijing-Macao Expressway in Hubei Province in K1050+290 cracks at the slope and the emergence of pure rock fall and other issues, pre-site survey through its unique access to hydrogeology, geomorphology, topography, lithology and structure and the information such as items on the basis of mechanical parameters, and conduct on-site measurements and observations of the high slope before the break Reinforcement body surface and break some of the characteristics shown, for the disease and the requirements of owners, after a number of options put forward than the election protection of a more appropriate project design. The program is designed primarily to carry out the following ideas, and to Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao at the highway cross-sectional analysis of K1050+225, in the grasp of the main factors for this slope changes and occurrence of damage to the mechanism of lines and other conditions, the use of engineering analysis Software management is to determine the slope of the potential sliding surface, analysis of slope stability factor before treatment to determine the reinforcement of this slope, the main supporting structure of gravity retaining wall and anchor. After the gravity retaining wall design should be checking the gravity retaining wall safety factor to ensure the effectiveness of the reasonable time retaining wall; in the Anchorage area, by reason of the bolt is software design, the final calculation Anchorage slope after the driving forces, find the slope stability factor to reach the department is checking the stability of the slope to reach the engineering design requirements and trade-offs are more economical bolt and so on. This slope to gravity retaining wall and bolt the integrated use of the same time, further optimization of the drainage system to reduce the future impact of water on the second slope, to ensure the long-term stability of the slope. In the end the finite element method through the block structure of these two theoretical integrated use of its checking, verification of high slope of the arrival had been strengthened after the treatment requirements of the engineering safety and reliability to ensure the feasibility and reasonable sex. Finally, before and after Treatment in the slope, the slope should be observed to ensure continued. To prevent the actual situation may be different from expectations, the need for dynamic design method of the use of information, the extent of damage to the slope, moving direction and speed, and groundwater monitoring. If there are special circumstances, treatment measures should be adjusted.
Instance through the analysis of this project and research works on the slope have a more in-depth understanding and knowledge, and further understanding of the theoretical analysis and calculation of slope and be able to put these theories into practice project, undertaken in the project in the future according to project-specific conditions and characteristics of rapid reinforcement to take an effective governance program.
本文主要是针对湖北省京港澳高速公路在K1050+290处的边坡出现裂缝及出现粹落石等问题,在通过前期现场调研获得其特有的水文地质、地貌、地形、地层岩性及构成和各项力学参数等资料基础上,并进行现场的测量和观察该高边坡加固治理前破面和破体所表现出的一些特征,针对其病害和业主要求,经过多项方案比选后提出了一套较为合适的工程防护设计方案。本方案的设计主要是根据以下思路来进行的,以京港澳高速公路K1050+225处横断面进行分析,在掌握影响此边坡的主要因素和发生变行破坏的机制等条件后,用工程分析软件理正来确定边坡的潜在滑动面,分析边坡治理前的稳定系数,从而确定出对此边坡进行的加固的主要支挡结构重力式挡土墙和锚杆。重力式挡土墙设计完后,应验算重力式挡土墙的各项安全系数,确保次挡土墙的合理有效性；在锚杆方面,通过理正软件来对锚杆进行设计,最后计算边坡锚杆加固后的剩余下滑力,求出边坡的稳定系数,到达验算边坡的稳定系是否到达了工程设计要求以及锚杆的取舍是否比较经济等。对此高边坡采取重力式挡土墙和锚杆综合使用的同时,进一步优化其排水系统,减少日后水对次边坡的影响,确保边坡的长期稳定。文章的最后通过有限元的方法对这两支挡结构的综合使用其进行理论验算,验证高边坡经过加固治理后的到达了工程上要求的安全可靠性,从而确保这个方案的可行性和合理性。最后提出在边坡处治前后,均应保证持续的坡面观测。为防止实际情况可能会与预期情况有差别,有必要采用信息化动态设计方法,对破坏边坡的范围、移动方向和速度以及地下水等进行监测。如出现特殊情况,应调整处治措施。
通过本工程实例的分析和研究,对边坡工程有了更深入的了解和掌握,进一步理解边坡分析计算的理论,并能够把这些理论应用到实践工程中,在今后的工程开展中能根据工程特有的条件和特点快速的采取一个行之有效的加固治理方案。
With the rapid development of expressways in Hubei Province,which brings more and more problems and pre-construction of the many problems left over from the more prominent in the conservation of these problems in the Highway Slope reinforcement was particularly notable, unique to the region in Hubei geological conditions, the slope of governance there are various problems and difficulties.
This article is for Beijing-Macao Expressway in Hubei Province in K1050+290 cracks at the slope and the emergence of pure rock fall and other issues, pre-site survey through its unique access to hydrogeology, geomorphology, topography, lithology and structure and the information such as items on the basis of mechanical parameters, and conduct on-site measurements and observations of the high slope before the break Reinforcement body surface and break some of the characteristics shown, for the disease and the requirements of owners, after a number of options put forward than the election protection of a more appropriate project design. The program is designed primarily to carry out the following ideas, and to Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao at the highway cross-sectional analysis of K1050+225, in the grasp of the main factors for this slope changes and occurrence of damage to the mechanism of lines and other conditions, the use of engineering analysis Software management is to determine the slope of the potential sliding surface, analysis of slope stability factor before treatment to determine the reinforcement of this slope, the main supporting structure of gravity retaining wall and anchor. After the gravity retaining wall design should be checking the gravity retaining wall safety factor to ensure the effectiveness of the reasonable time retaining wall; in the Anchorage area, by reason of the bolt is software design, the final calculation Anchorage slope after the driving forces, find the slope stability factor to reach the department is checking the stability of the slope to reach the engineering design requirements and trade-offs are more economical bolt and so on. This slope to gravity retaining wall and bolt the integrated use of the same time, further optimization of the drainage system to reduce the future impact of water on the second slope, to ensure the long-term stability of the slope. In the end the finite element method through the block structure of these two theoretical integrated use of its checking, verification of high slope of the arrival had been strengthened after the treatment requirements of the engineering safety and reliability to ensure the feasibility and reasonable sex. Finally, before and after Treatment in the slope, the slope should be observed to ensure continued. To prevent the actual situation may be different from expectations, the need for dynamic design method of the use of information, the extent of damage to the slope, moving direction and speed, and groundwater monitoring. If there are special circumstances, treatment measures should be adjusted.
Instance through the analysis of this project and research works on the slope have a more in-depth understanding and knowledge, and further understanding of the theoretical analysis and calculation of slope and be able to put these theories into practice project, undertaken in the project in the future according to project-specific conditions and characteristics of rapid reinforcement to take an effective governance program.
引文
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[31]Tian, YC; Zhou, YM; Wu, BF, et al. Risk assessment of water soil erosion in upper basin of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China.ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY,2009.
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[02]姜德义,朱合华,杜云贵.边坡稳定性分析与滑坡防治[M].重庆大学出版社,2005.
[03]邓学钧.路基路面工程[M].人民交通出版社,2005.
[04]崔政权,李宁.边坡工程—理论与实践最新发展[M].中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[05]向欣.炉坪煤矿魏一坪山体边坡稳定性分析[D].西安：西安科技大学硕士论文,2007.
[06]戴熙.高边坡稳定性分析及其加固措施的研究[D].内蒙古：内蒙古科技大学硕士论文,2007.
[07]胡晓军.边坡加固工程支挡结构研究[D].合肥工业大学,2007.
[08]Huang, Ching-Chuan, Luo, Woei-Ming.Behavior of soil retaining walls on deformable foundations.Elsevier,2009.
[09]Casagli, Nicola, Catani, Filippo, Del Ventisette, Chiara, Luzi.Guido.Monitoring, prediction, and early warning using ground-based radar interferometry. LANDSLIDES,2010.
[10]Adams M T, Schlatter W, Stabile T. Geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated abutments at the bowman road bridge in defiance county, ohio[C]//Geosynthetics in Reinforcement and Hydraulic Applications:ASCE,2007,119-129.
[11]谷德振著.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京：科学出版社,1979.
[12]孙玉科,李建国.岩质边坡稳定性的工程地质研究[J].地质科学,1965.
[13]杜时贵.岩体结构面的工程性质[M].北京：地震出版社,1999.
[14]张永兴.边坡工程学[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[15]王士天等.工程地质分析原理[M].北京：地质出版社,1994.
[16]张贯峰.公路岩质边坡应力变化特征与稳定性评价的数值模拟研究[D].长安大学,2007.
[17]张国祥.三维边坡滑动面及稳定性的非线性弹塑性有限元分析[D].长沙铁道学院博士学位论文,1999.
[18]何满潮,姚爱军.边坡岩体水力学作用的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6)：662-174.
[19]朱大勇,钱七虎.基于余推力法的边坡l临界滑动场[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(6)：667～670.
[20]姚寿广等.边界元数值方法及其工程应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,1995.
[21]黄昌乾,丁恩保等.边坡工程常用稳定性分析方法[J].水电站设计,1999.
[22]湖北省岩崩滑坡研究所.湖北省三峡库区兴山县杨家岭公路滑坡防治工程可行性研究报告[R],2002.
[23]Pettersen, SH; Wik, TS; Skallerud, B. Subject specific finite element analysis of stress shielding around a cementless femoral stem. CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS,2009.
[24]程良奎.岩土加固适用技术[M].北京：地震出版社,1995.
[25]段振西.锚杆支护技术新发展·岩土锚固新技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000.
[26]杨重存.锚喷加固岩土边坡的理论计算与分析·岩土锚固技术的新进展[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000.
[27]土工合成材料工程应用手册编写委员会.土工合成材料工程应用手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1994.
[28]何春光,刘传源.加筋土技术在内河码头及护岸工程中的应用[J].港口工程,1997.
[29]程晓,张凤祥.土建注浆施工与效果检测[M].上海：同济大学出版社,1998.
[30]Mantovani, F; Gracia, FJ; de Cosmo, PD, et al.:A new approach to landslide geomorphological mapping using the Open Source software in the Olvera area (Cadiz, Spain).LANDSLIDES,2010.
[31]Tian, YC; Zhou, YM; Wu, BF, et al. Risk assessment of water soil erosion in upper basin of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China.ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY,2009.
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