试论演艺经纪合同纠纷
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摘要
目前,世界娱乐经济发展的趋势不容忽视,随着我国经济和文化体制改革不断深入,广大民众对于文化娱乐的消费需求潜力极大,娱乐文化产业已经进入到一个全面发展的新阶段。娱乐法作为一个法律概念还不是很明晰,但是在发展文化产业中起到相当重要的作用。从娱乐法所包含的内容上看,早期主要是著作权和与邻接权有关的法律,后来涉及到与娱乐业相关的所有法律,近年来随着软件和网络娱乐产业的发展,像网吧、在线游戏等法律规范的内容也都纳入了娱乐法的范畴。影视明星、歌星等艺人是娱乐产业的主体,英美有很多超级巨星,他们之所以能够成为世界级明星,同这些国家有相对完备的法律来维护和平衡他们同演艺经纪公司、经纪人之间的利益有非常重要的关系。如果没有很好的法律环境,就无法产生国际巨星,也就不能健康的发展文化产业。近些年,发达国家纷纷投入巨资研究娱乐文化产业的发展,一方面是研究本国娱乐市场的开发和保护,另一方面就是开辟和经营其他国家的演艺经纪市场,它们也纷纷看好中国的文化产业开发,依靠其强大的经济实力来抢占市场。我们应当认识到中国丰厚的文化资源优势和广大的市场潜力,加之良好的法制环境,应当会有非常好的发展前景。
娱乐活动的商业化和全球化的不断深入,导致大量相关法律问题的产生,其中争议数量最大的当属演艺经纪合同纠纷,演艺人员因其身份的特殊性,更加容易吸引人们的眼球,相关案件往往成为媒体和公众关注的焦点。中国内地演艺经纪市场刚刚起步,但却发展迅猛,虽在2005年颁布了《营业性演出管理条例》及其实施细则,但至今仍缺乏相应的配套操作规则,演艺经纪公司与签约艺人之间的经纪合同纠纷时有发生,制约了演艺经纪市场的稳定与发展。如何公正、及时、合法地解决演艺经纪合同纠纷成为娱乐业从业人员、文化经纪人以及演出公司和法学研究者所共同关注的问题。演艺经纪是文化产业发展的润滑剂、助推器,随着我国加入WTO,文化经纪事业的规范化、规模化发展是必然是大势所趋。本文拟对演艺经纪合同相关的法律问题进行探讨,以期分析与演艺经纪合同相关的法律关系及法律风险预防机制,通过对娱乐法学理论的研究,结合演艺活动的发展现状,并借鉴国外立法,为解决演艺经纪合同纠纷问题提出相关建议。
At present, the trend of recreational economy all over the world can not be neglected. The reform in economic and cultural systems have brought great potential for the mass's consumption in cultural recreation, and accordingly, recreational and cultural industry has gone into a new era of all-round development. Recreation law, though still vague as a legal term, plays an important role in developing cultural industry. In contents, recreation law at first only contained legal items on copyright and neighboring rights, and gradually covered all laws related to recreation. Recent years, with the emerging of software and internet recreation industry, legal regulation on internet bar, online games etc were also included in recreation law. Celebrities like Film and TV stars and singing stars serve as the pillar of the recreation industry. The generation of international super stars in Britain and America has much to do with the relatively complete legal system to maintain and balance the interest among the stars, managing company and the brokers. Without the good legal environment, there would be no international super stars, neither the sound development of the cultural industry. Recent years, developed countries are increasingly investing in the development of recreational and cultural industry, on the one hand to explore the tapping and protection of domestic recreation market, and on the other to open up and manage the market in performing art circles. They all have a good prospect of the Chinese culture industry and mean to capture the market with its strong economy. We should be aware of the promising prospect of Chinese culture industry with its profound cultural resources, great market potential and sound legal environment.
The commercialization of recreational activities and the growing globalization have given birth to a number of legal problems, of which the most controversial one is the dispute over the performance managing contract. Celebrities, with their special identity, attract the attention of the mass more easily, and cases involving them more often than not will become the focus of the media and the mass. The performance managing market in China mainland just started but develops rapidly. The conflicts between agent companies and its actors often happened, which restrict the stability and development of the performance managing market. We enacted the Regulation on the Administration of Commercial Performances and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the regulation in 2005, but we still lack the corresponding operation rules at present. How to justly, immediately and legally handle the dispute over the performance managing contract has become the common concern of the workers in entertainment, cultural brokers, performing companies and the law researchers. The performance managing action is the lubricant and booster in developing culture industry. With the entry of WTO, the standardization and the scale in culture managing industry must be a general trend. This author tries to discuss the legal issues in relation to performance managing contract, for analyze relative legal relationship and prevention mechanism for legal risk and attempts to offer some suggestions on the performance managing contract by studying the theory of recreation law abroad and at home, combining the development of the performing art activities and drawing reference from foreign laws.
娱乐活动的商业化和全球化的不断深入,导致大量相关法律问题的产生,其中争议数量最大的当属演艺经纪合同纠纷,演艺人员因其身份的特殊性,更加容易吸引人们的眼球,相关案件往往成为媒体和公众关注的焦点。中国内地演艺经纪市场刚刚起步,但却发展迅猛,虽在2005年颁布了《营业性演出管理条例》及其实施细则,但至今仍缺乏相应的配套操作规则,演艺经纪公司与签约艺人之间的经纪合同纠纷时有发生,制约了演艺经纪市场的稳定与发展。如何公正、及时、合法地解决演艺经纪合同纠纷成为娱乐业从业人员、文化经纪人以及演出公司和法学研究者所共同关注的问题。演艺经纪是文化产业发展的润滑剂、助推器,随着我国加入WTO,文化经纪事业的规范化、规模化发展是必然是大势所趋。本文拟对演艺经纪合同相关的法律问题进行探讨,以期分析与演艺经纪合同相关的法律关系及法律风险预防机制,通过对娱乐法学理论的研究,结合演艺活动的发展现状,并借鉴国外立法,为解决演艺经纪合同纠纷问题提出相关建议。
At present, the trend of recreational economy all over the world can not be neglected. The reform in economic and cultural systems have brought great potential for the mass's consumption in cultural recreation, and accordingly, recreational and cultural industry has gone into a new era of all-round development. Recreation law, though still vague as a legal term, plays an important role in developing cultural industry. In contents, recreation law at first only contained legal items on copyright and neighboring rights, and gradually covered all laws related to recreation. Recent years, with the emerging of software and internet recreation industry, legal regulation on internet bar, online games etc were also included in recreation law. Celebrities like Film and TV stars and singing stars serve as the pillar of the recreation industry. The generation of international super stars in Britain and America has much to do with the relatively complete legal system to maintain and balance the interest among the stars, managing company and the brokers. Without the good legal environment, there would be no international super stars, neither the sound development of the cultural industry. Recent years, developed countries are increasingly investing in the development of recreational and cultural industry, on the one hand to explore the tapping and protection of domestic recreation market, and on the other to open up and manage the market in performing art circles. They all have a good prospect of the Chinese culture industry and mean to capture the market with its strong economy. We should be aware of the promising prospect of Chinese culture industry with its profound cultural resources, great market potential and sound legal environment.
The commercialization of recreational activities and the growing globalization have given birth to a number of legal problems, of which the most controversial one is the dispute over the performance managing contract. Celebrities, with their special identity, attract the attention of the mass more easily, and cases involving them more often than not will become the focus of the media and the mass. The performance managing market in China mainland just started but develops rapidly. The conflicts between agent companies and its actors often happened, which restrict the stability and development of the performance managing market. We enacted the Regulation on the Administration of Commercial Performances and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the regulation in 2005, but we still lack the corresponding operation rules at present. How to justly, immediately and legally handle the dispute over the performance managing contract has become the common concern of the workers in entertainment, cultural brokers, performing companies and the law researchers. The performance managing action is the lubricant and booster in developing culture industry. With the entry of WTO, the standardization and the scale in culture managing industry must be a general trend. This author tries to discuss the legal issues in relation to performance managing contract, for analyze relative legal relationship and prevention mechanism for legal risk and attempts to offer some suggestions on the performance managing contract by studying the theory of recreation law abroad and at home, combining the development of the performing art activities and drawing reference from foreign laws.
引文
[1]参见http://www.efaw.cn/html/jyb_cf/2008122/FC7611504.html
[1]吕娟,《演艺经纪合同:“卖身契”还是“星钥匙”》,摘自《法律与生活》2007年5月下半月刊
[1]于雪艳,《演艺明星合同应当“有名化”》,摘自《上海法制报》
[1]《委托合同解除与赔偿损失法律规定》,上海高级人民法院2007年3月15日公布
[1]参见http://ent.qq.com/a/20070725/000230_ 1.htm
[1]周俊武,《演艺经纪合同相关法律实务问题》,参见http://law.cec-ceda.org.cn/files/info_3113.html
[1]林庆苗、陈荣宗《民事诉讼法》,三民书局1996年7月出版,第879页
[2]参见http://info.stareastnet.com/Music/MusicNews/2007/03/27/MusicNews10933.html
[3]参见http://ent.cnwest.com/content/2006-11/12/content_350163.htm
[4]李澜,《美国禁令制度研究——兼评我国知识产权诉讼中临时禁令制度》,载《科技与法律》2003年第2期
[1]陈莹,《“临时禁令”——知识产权保护的及时雨》,载《律师世界》2003年第7期
[1]徐东编著,《知识产权:故事背后的法律》,法律出版社
[1]《演艺经理人合同判例分析》,参见http://www.148com.com/html/panli/01/20080226/65630.html
[1]参见http://pdf.sznews.com/hkcd/2001/0526/newsfile/n14-10.htm
[1]参见http://baike.baidu.com/view/281510.htm
[2]北京市朝阳区人民法院民事判决书,(2007)朝民初字第10254号
[3]北京市朝阳区人民法院民事判决书,(2005)朝民初字第3240号
[1]北京市第一中级人民法院民事判决书,(2005)一中民初字第8224号
[2]杜立安,《为“快男”张杰打官司》,摘自々法律与生活》半月刊2007年9月下半月刊
[1]范愉,《非诉讼纠纷解决机制研究》,中国人民大学出版社,第29页
[2]范愉,《非诉讼程序(ADR)教程》,中国人民大学出版社,第17页
1.林庆苗、陈荣宗,《民事诉讼法》,三民书局
2.徐东编著,《知识产权:故事背后的法律》,法律出版社
3.贺小虎编著,《影视、演艺企业设立与运营法务操作指引》,法律出版社
4.范愉,《非诉讼纠纷解决机制研究》,中国人民大学出版社
5.范愉,《非诉讼程序(ADR)教程》,中国人民大学出版社
6.(美)威廉.W.费舍尔著,李旭译,《说话算数:技术、法律以及娱乐的未来》,上海三联书店
7.Fisher,William W./ Promises to keep:technology,law,and the future of entertainment /William W.Fisher.&nmonograph
8.Martino,Tony./ Entertainment law review 2003 /[editor-in-chief,Tony Martino;editor,Rico Calleja.][mmonograph
9.Sobel,Lionel S./ International entertainment law / Lionel S.Sobel,Donald E.Biederman.[monograph]monograph
10.Yu,Peter K./ The marketplace of ideas:twenty years of Cardozo arts &entertainment law journal/monograph
[1]吕娟,《演艺经纪合同:“卖身契”还是“星钥匙”》,摘自《法律与生活》2007年5月下半月刊
[1]于雪艳,《演艺明星合同应当“有名化”》,摘自《上海法制报》
[1]《委托合同解除与赔偿损失法律规定》,上海高级人民法院2007年3月15日公布
[1]参见http://ent.qq.com/a/20070725/000230_ 1.htm
[1]周俊武,《演艺经纪合同相关法律实务问题》,参见http://law.cec-ceda.org.cn/files/info_3113.html
[1]林庆苗、陈荣宗《民事诉讼法》,三民书局1996年7月出版,第879页
[2]参见http://info.stareastnet.com/Music/MusicNews/2007/03/27/MusicNews10933.html
[3]参见http://ent.cnwest.com/content/2006-11/12/content_350163.htm
[4]李澜,《美国禁令制度研究——兼评我国知识产权诉讼中临时禁令制度》,载《科技与法律》2003年第2期
[1]陈莹,《“临时禁令”——知识产权保护的及时雨》,载《律师世界》2003年第7期
[1]徐东编著,《知识产权:故事背后的法律》,法律出版社
[1]《演艺经理人合同判例分析》,参见http://www.148com.com/html/panli/01/20080226/65630.html
[1]参见http://pdf.sznews.com/hkcd/2001/0526/newsfile/n14-10.htm
[1]参见http://baike.baidu.com/view/281510.htm
[2]北京市朝阳区人民法院民事判决书,(2007)朝民初字第10254号
[3]北京市朝阳区人民法院民事判决书,(2005)朝民初字第3240号
[1]北京市第一中级人民法院民事判决书,(2005)一中民初字第8224号
[2]杜立安,《为“快男”张杰打官司》,摘自々法律与生活》半月刊2007年9月下半月刊
[1]范愉,《非诉讼纠纷解决机制研究》,中国人民大学出版社,第29页
[2]范愉,《非诉讼程序(ADR)教程》,中国人民大学出版社,第17页
1.林庆苗、陈荣宗,《民事诉讼法》,三民书局
2.徐东编著,《知识产权:故事背后的法律》,法律出版社
3.贺小虎编著,《影视、演艺企业设立与运营法务操作指引》,法律出版社
4.范愉,《非诉讼纠纷解决机制研究》,中国人民大学出版社
5.范愉,《非诉讼程序(ADR)教程》,中国人民大学出版社
6.(美)威廉.W.费舍尔著,李旭译,《说话算数:技术、法律以及娱乐的未来》,上海三联书店
7.Fisher,William W./ Promises to keep:technology,law,and the future of entertainment /William W.Fisher.&nmonograph
8.Martino,Tony./ Entertainment law review 2003 /[editor-in-chief,Tony Martino;editor,Rico Calleja.][mmonograph
9.Sobel,Lionel S./ International entertainment law / Lionel S.Sobel,Donald E.Biederman.[monograph]monograph
10.Yu,Peter K./ The marketplace of ideas:twenty years of Cardozo arts &entertainment law journal/monograph