柴西第三系构造沉积演化与油气成藏
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摘要
柴达木盆地西部的茫崖坳陷是青海油田公司的主力石油产区，但是到目前为止，虽经近半个世纪的勘探开发，人们对茫崖坳陷第三系的构造沉积演化历史还不清晰，因而严重地影响了人们对油气资源的形成与分布规律的认识，进而严重地影响了油气的勘探开发，使勘探的风险及开发成本提高。
本论文旨在通过对柴西茫崖坳陷第三系构造沉积演化的深入研究，系统探讨茫崖坳陷第三系油气的形成分布规律，为油气勘探开发服务。
众所周知，柴西茫崖坳陷夹持于昆仑山与阿尔金山之间，因此决定了茫崖坳陷第三纪构造沉积演化及成藏历史非常复杂，这些复杂性导致了油气分布的复杂及提高了勘探风险。本次研究以西岔沟等剖面精细的地表地质调查和沉积相的综合研究为基础，结合室内资料对茫崖坳陷的沉降沉积史、地热演化史及充填史进行了精细研究，阐明了茫崖坳陷第三纪的构造沉积演化历史，在此基础上阐明了茫崖坳陷第三系的油气形成与分布规律，指出了有利的油气勘探区域，对青海油田的油气勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。
此外，本次研究的一个重要研究成果是首次在茫崖坳陷发现了第三纪湖相生物礁。这在中国西部的大型盆地中也尚属首次。这一发现对于柴达木盆地第三系油气的勘探开发具有重要的实践意义。
Mangya depression, in the Western Qaidam Basin, is the main oil-production area for the Qinghai oil company. Although the exploration and development lasted for nearly five decades, the depression is hithernto far from being exploited completely in terms of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary history, and therefore preventing the unambiguous understanding to the formation of the reservoir and the oil distribution, and furthermore limiting the exploration and development of the oil field, hence resulting in the rise of the exploration and development cost.
This thesis, on the basis of the deeper research of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the depression, is mainly to discuss systematically the formation and distribution of the Tertiary oil and gas in Mangya depression, and provide service for the exploration and development.
It is well known that, the Mangya depression in the Western Qaidam Basin is bounded by the Kunlun and Altun Tagh mountain, therefore determining the extraordinary complexity of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolvement and the reservoir-formation, and resulting in the complexity of the oil and gas distribution and rise of the exploration cost
On the basis of detailed field survey for the Xichagou section and comprehensive study on the sedimentary facies and previous research achievements, the sedimentation, thermal and infilling history is studied precisely and in detail, and the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolution is illuminated, and the Tertiary oil and gas formation and distribution, which is based on the research above, is further illuminated, and the favorable exploration zone is pointed out. Hence it is of important directive significance for the exploration and development of the Qinghai oil field.
Moreover, as an important research achievement, the Tertiary lacustrian reef, which is never reported before in the large West China basin, is discovered in Mangya depression. This discovery is of important and practical significance for the oil exploration and development in the Qaidam basin.
本论文旨在通过对柴西茫崖坳陷第三系构造沉积演化的深入研究，系统探讨茫崖坳陷第三系油气的形成分布规律，为油气勘探开发服务。
众所周知，柴西茫崖坳陷夹持于昆仑山与阿尔金山之间，因此决定了茫崖坳陷第三纪构造沉积演化及成藏历史非常复杂，这些复杂性导致了油气分布的复杂及提高了勘探风险。本次研究以西岔沟等剖面精细的地表地质调查和沉积相的综合研究为基础，结合室内资料对茫崖坳陷的沉降沉积史、地热演化史及充填史进行了精细研究，阐明了茫崖坳陷第三纪的构造沉积演化历史，在此基础上阐明了茫崖坳陷第三系的油气形成与分布规律，指出了有利的油气勘探区域，对青海油田的油气勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。
此外，本次研究的一个重要研究成果是首次在茫崖坳陷发现了第三纪湖相生物礁。这在中国西部的大型盆地中也尚属首次。这一发现对于柴达木盆地第三系油气的勘探开发具有重要的实践意义。
Mangya depression, in the Western Qaidam Basin, is the main oil-production area for the Qinghai oil company. Although the exploration and development lasted for nearly five decades, the depression is hithernto far from being exploited completely in terms of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary history, and therefore preventing the unambiguous understanding to the formation of the reservoir and the oil distribution, and furthermore limiting the exploration and development of the oil field, hence resulting in the rise of the exploration and development cost.
This thesis, on the basis of the deeper research of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the depression, is mainly to discuss systematically the formation and distribution of the Tertiary oil and gas in Mangya depression, and provide service for the exploration and development.
It is well known that, the Mangya depression in the Western Qaidam Basin is bounded by the Kunlun and Altun Tagh mountain, therefore determining the extraordinary complexity of the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolvement and the reservoir-formation, and resulting in the complexity of the oil and gas distribution and rise of the exploration cost
On the basis of detailed field survey for the Xichagou section and comprehensive study on the sedimentary facies and previous research achievements, the sedimentation, thermal and infilling history is studied precisely and in detail, and the Tertiary tectonic and sedimentary evolution is illuminated, and the Tertiary oil and gas formation and distribution, which is based on the research above, is further illuminated, and the favorable exploration zone is pointed out. Hence it is of important directive significance for the exploration and development of the Qinghai oil field.
Moreover, as an important research achievement, the Tertiary lacustrian reef, which is never reported before in the large West China basin, is discovered in Mangya depression. This discovery is of important and practical significance for the oil exploration and development in the Qaidam basin.
引文
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