冬凌草和柔茎香茶菜的化学成分及生物活性研究
|
摘要
本论文由三章组成。前两章分别详细论述了冬凌草(Isodon rubescens)和柔茎香茶菜(I. flexicaulis)的化学成分及生物活性研究。论文的第三章为2009年1月至2012年10月这段时间内二萜生物碱研究进展的综述。
综合利用各种分离技术、现代波谱学方法和晶体X-射线衍射等手段,从上述三种植物中共鉴定了125个/次化合物,53个为新化合物。已鉴定的化合物类型涉及单萜、倍半萜、二萜、三萜、生物碱、木脂素、甾醇、黄酮和其它酚性成分。新化合物的类型属于二萜及其含氮衍生物,首次从香茶菜属植物中发现了一种新类型的二萜生物碱——Kaurine,这种生物碱结构上具有对映-贝壳杉烷二萜的骨架,又不同于以往发现的典型二萜生物碱,活性上的表现也不同于对映-贝壳杉烷二萜。此外,从冬凌草中我们还发现了4个少见的11,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物,其中的1个具有细胞毒活性的化合物提示了可能存在不同于α-亚甲基环戊酮的药效团。从柔茎香茶菜中,我们还首次发现了天然存在的13,14-开环-松香烷二萜flexicaulin E。这些具有新颖结构和生物活性的二萜及其类似物的发现,加深了对香茶菜属植物化学成分的认识,同时为进一步合理开发该属植物资源提供了新的化学物质基础。
第一章冬凌草的化学成分和生物活性研究
冬凌草(Isodon rubescens)系唇形科香茶菜属草本植物,在河南省一带主要用于治疗各种炎症和消化道癌等疾病,以之为原料的抗癌辅助药物冬凌草片、治疗咽喉肿痛的冬凌草含片等制剂早已上市,其主要活性物质为以冬凌草甲素和乙素为代表的一系列对映-贝壳杉烷二萜。中科院昆明植物研究所孙汉董研究组系统地研究了产自河南、河北以及贵州的多个县市地区的冬凌草,发现其化学成分常随生境的不同而有较大差异,这种差异性甚至超过了同属不同种间的差异。基于化学成分多样性和发现生物活性化合物的目的,我们对产自湖北省建始县的冬凌草地上部分的化学成分进行了详细的研究,从其95%的乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离鉴定了98个化合物,其中二萜类91个,包括47个新二萜,涉及14种不同的结构类型,以7,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉类型二萜为主。
第二章柔茎香茶菜的化学成分研究
柔茎香茶菜(Isodon flexicaulis)系唇形科香茶菜属植物,灌木,主产于四川西南部。鉴于前人对该植物的化学成分及生物活性报道较少,且不同产地的香茶菜属植物次生代谢产物也有所不同,同时为了寻找潜在的抗癌、抗炎活性成分,我们对产自四川省甘孜州道孚县的柔茎香茶菜地上部分的次生代谢成分进行了研究,从70%丙酮提取物的乙酸乙酯部分共分离鉴定了27个化合物(其中新的二萜6个),主要涉及结构类型包括迷迭香酸类、二萜和三萜。
第三章综述：二萜生物碱研究进展
本章对2009年1月至2012年10月发表的172个二萜生物碱的结构、名称、来源和参考文献进行了综述,其中包括114个狭义的生物碱,涉及C20-、C19-、C18-和二聚体四大类中的14个小类型,还包括了多种骨架的58个非经典的二萜生物碱。我们对这些化合物的结构类型、名称和来源进行了详尽的总结,区分了狭义的和非典型的二萜生物碱。
This dissertation is composed of three chapters. The chemical and bioactive constituents of Isodon rubescens and I. flexicaulis have been phytochemically studied in chapters1and2, respectively. Chapter3is a review about diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) reported from2009.1to2012.10.
On the basis of modern chromatography methods, extensive spectroscopic evidences and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,125compounds, including53new ones, were isolated and identified from the above-mentioned three plants. Types of these compounds include monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, lignans, steroids, flavanones, and other phenolic compounds, and new compounds all belong to diterpenoids or their nitrogen-containing derivatives. A new type of DAs, named Kaurine, possess ent-kaurane skeleton and was quite different from all typical DAs in their structures. Unexpectedly, noncytotoxicity of the new diterpenoid alkaloids was quite different from their cytotoxic diterpenoid analogues. Two cytotoxic candidates of four rare11,20-epxoy-ent-kauranoids from I. rubescens suggested the presence of a new cytotoxic center besides a-methylenecyclopentanone. Moreover, flexicaulin E from I. flexicaulis was the first example of natural13,14-seco-abietane.
Chapter1. Chemical and Bioactive Constituents of Isodon rubescens
Isodon rubescens (Labiatae) is a perennial herb well known as a folk medicine used in the treatment of inflammation and digestive tract cancer in Henan Province. The standard extract of this plant was successfully developed into a drug product for the treatment of sore throats and inflammation in China. Many investigations on this plant showed that ent-kaurane diterpenoids, exemplified by oridonin and ponicidin, were the major bioactive constituents. Professor Han-Dong Sun and his research group from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, investigated on the constituents of I, rubescens growing in many different regions of Henan, Hebei, and Guizhou Provinces. They found that the structural types of the secondary metabolites changed with different ecological environments for this plant so much that the variability of this species in different places was as much as, or even more significant than that of two species of a same genus. In our present study,97compounds were isolated from the leaves and stems of I. rubescens collected from Jianshi County, Hubei Province. Among them,91variable diterpenoids, including47new ones, could be divided to14subtypes.
1. Kaurine A (1)*
2. Kaurine B (2)*
3. Kaurine C (3)*
4. Jianshirubesin A (4)*
5. Jianshirubesin B (5)*
6. Jianshirubesin C (6)*
7. Epinodosin (7)
8. Rabdosin A (8)
9. Enmein (9)
10. Rabdosichuanin C (10)
11. Taibaijaponicain A (11)
12. Maoyecrystal K (12)
13. Isodocarpin (13)
14.6β,15α-Dihydroxy-6,7-seco-6,20-epoxy-1a,7-olide-ent-kaur-16-ene (14)
15. Epinodosinol (15)
16.6α,15α-Dihydroxy-20-aldehyde-6,7-seco-6,11a-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-1a,7-olide (16)
17. laxiflorin C (17)
18. laxiflorin D (18)
19. Laxiflorin E (19)
20. Jianshirubesin D (20)*
21. Jianshirubesin E (21)*
22. Jianshirubesin F (22)*
23. Rubescensin W (23)
24. Hubeirubesin A (24)*
25. Hubeirubesin B (25)*
26. Jianshirubesin G (26)*
27. Jianshirubesin H (27)*
28. Jianshirubesin I (28)*
29. Ponicidin(29)
30. Hubeirubesin C (30)*
31. Hubeirubesin D (31)*
32. Hubeirubesin E (32)*
33. Hubeirubesin F (33)*
34. Hubeirubesin G (34)*
35. Hubeirubesin H (35)*
36. Hubeirubesin I (36)*
37. Hubeirubesin J (37)*
38. Hubeirubesin K (38)*
39. Hubeirubesin L (39)*
40. Hubeirubesin M (40)*
41. Hubeirubesin N (41)*
42. Hubeirubesin O (42)*
43. Hubeirubesin P (43)*
44. Hubeirubesin Q (44)*
45. Hubeirubesin R (45)*
46. Hubeirubesin S (46)*
47. Hubeirubesin T (47)*
48. Hubeirubesin U (48)*
49. Hubeirubesin V (49)*
50. Hubeirubesin W (50)*
51. Hubeirubesin X (51)*
52. Hubeirubesin Y (52)*
53. Hubeirubesin Z (53)*
54. Jianshirubesin J (54)*
55. Jianshirubesin K (55)*
56. Jianshirubesin L (56)*
57. Jianshirubesin M (57)*
58. Oridonin (58)
59. Rubescensin C (59)
60. Rubescensin E (60)
61. Rubescensin G (61)
62. Rubescensin Q (62)
63.6β,7β,14β,15β-Tetrahydroxy-7a,20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-ene (63)
64. Maoecrystal X (64)
65. Maoyecrystal F (65)
66. Acetonide of maoyecrystal F (66)
67. Hebeirubescensin K (67)
68. Wikstroemioidin B (68)
69. Rabdoternin A (69)
70. Rabdoternin B (70)
71. Rabdoternin D (71)
72. Rabdoternin F (72)
73. Shikokianin (73)
74. Lasiodin (74)
75. Lasiokaurinol (75)
76. Enmenin (76)
77. Enmenin monoacetate (77)
78. Rabdolongin A (78)
79. Parvifoline F (79)
80. Odonicin (80)
81. Parvifoline AA (81)
82. ent-Abierubesin A (82)*
83. ent-Abierubesin B (83)*
84. ent-Abierubesin C (84)*
85. ent-Abierubesin D (85)*
86. ent-Abierubesin E (86)*
87. Hebeiabinin B (87)
88. ent-Abienervonin C (88)
89. Rabdoepigibberellolide (89)
90. Lushanrubescensin J (90)
91. Phytol(91)
92. Tormentic acid (92)
93. Heterobetulinic acid (93)
94. Pinoresinol (94)
95. Acetoxypinoresinol (95)
96.5,6-Dihydroxy-7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone (96)
97. β-Sitosterol (97)
98. Blumenol(98) NOTE:*new compound
Chapter2. Chemical Constituents of Isodon flexicaulis
Isodon flexicaulis belongs to the genus Isodon of the family Labiatae. It is a shrub mainly distributed in the southwest of Sichuan Province and has not been well-studied in fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology. In order to search new bioactive constituents, the arieal parts of I. flexicaulis collected in Daofu County, Sichuan Province, were systematically investigated, and27compounds, including six new diterpenoids, were isolated and identified. The types of these compounds are mainly the rosmaric acid, diterpenoid, and triterpenoid.
1. Flexicaulin B (1)*
2. Flexicaulin C (2)*
3. Flexicaulin D (3)*
4. Forrestin B (4)
5. Tenuifolin F4(5)
6. Inflexarabdonin D (6)
7. Flexicaulin E (7)*
8. Flexicaulin F (8)*
9. Flexicaulin G (9)*
10.7α-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid (10)
11.15-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid (11)
12. Pomiferin F(12)
13. Rotundic acid (13)
14. Tormentic acid (14)
15. Corsolic acid (15)
16.23-Hydroxyursolic acid (16)
17. Maslic acid (17)
18. Teuclatriol (18)
19. menth-l-ene-3,6-diol (19)
20.1-Hydroxypinoresinol (20)
21. Epipinoresinol (21)
22. Lariciresinol (22)
23. Caffeic acid (23)
24. Rosmarinic acid (24)
25.3'-O-Methyl-rosmarinic acid (25)
26. Methyl isoferuloyl-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-lactate (26)
27. Methyl-6-dehydroxyl-rosmarinate (27)
NOTE:*new compound
Chapter3. Diterpene Alkaloids (2009.01-2012.10)
172diterpene alkaloids (DAs) reported from2009.01to2012.10were reviewed. These compounds involved114typical DAs belonging to C20-, C19-, C18-, and dimeric four types and more than10subtypes, as well as another58untypical DAs. In this review, structural types, compound names, and plant sources are summarized in detail so as to distinguish typical and untypical DAs.
综合利用各种分离技术、现代波谱学方法和晶体X-射线衍射等手段,从上述三种植物中共鉴定了125个/次化合物,53个为新化合物。已鉴定的化合物类型涉及单萜、倍半萜、二萜、三萜、生物碱、木脂素、甾醇、黄酮和其它酚性成分。新化合物的类型属于二萜及其含氮衍生物,首次从香茶菜属植物中发现了一种新类型的二萜生物碱——Kaurine,这种生物碱结构上具有对映-贝壳杉烷二萜的骨架,又不同于以往发现的典型二萜生物碱,活性上的表现也不同于对映-贝壳杉烷二萜。此外,从冬凌草中我们还发现了4个少见的11,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物,其中的1个具有细胞毒活性的化合物提示了可能存在不同于α-亚甲基环戊酮的药效团。从柔茎香茶菜中,我们还首次发现了天然存在的13,14-开环-松香烷二萜flexicaulin E。这些具有新颖结构和生物活性的二萜及其类似物的发现,加深了对香茶菜属植物化学成分的认识,同时为进一步合理开发该属植物资源提供了新的化学物质基础。
第一章冬凌草的化学成分和生物活性研究
冬凌草(Isodon rubescens)系唇形科香茶菜属草本植物,在河南省一带主要用于治疗各种炎症和消化道癌等疾病,以之为原料的抗癌辅助药物冬凌草片、治疗咽喉肿痛的冬凌草含片等制剂早已上市,其主要活性物质为以冬凌草甲素和乙素为代表的一系列对映-贝壳杉烷二萜。中科院昆明植物研究所孙汉董研究组系统地研究了产自河南、河北以及贵州的多个县市地区的冬凌草,发现其化学成分常随生境的不同而有较大差异,这种差异性甚至超过了同属不同种间的差异。基于化学成分多样性和发现生物活性化合物的目的,我们对产自湖北省建始县的冬凌草地上部分的化学成分进行了详细的研究,从其95%的乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离鉴定了98个化合物,其中二萜类91个,包括47个新二萜,涉及14种不同的结构类型,以7,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉类型二萜为主。
第二章柔茎香茶菜的化学成分研究
柔茎香茶菜(Isodon flexicaulis)系唇形科香茶菜属植物,灌木,主产于四川西南部。鉴于前人对该植物的化学成分及生物活性报道较少,且不同产地的香茶菜属植物次生代谢产物也有所不同,同时为了寻找潜在的抗癌、抗炎活性成分,我们对产自四川省甘孜州道孚县的柔茎香茶菜地上部分的次生代谢成分进行了研究,从70%丙酮提取物的乙酸乙酯部分共分离鉴定了27个化合物(其中新的二萜6个),主要涉及结构类型包括迷迭香酸类、二萜和三萜。
第三章综述：二萜生物碱研究进展
本章对2009年1月至2012年10月发表的172个二萜生物碱的结构、名称、来源和参考文献进行了综述,其中包括114个狭义的生物碱,涉及C20-、C19-、C18-和二聚体四大类中的14个小类型,还包括了多种骨架的58个非经典的二萜生物碱。我们对这些化合物的结构类型、名称和来源进行了详尽的总结,区分了狭义的和非典型的二萜生物碱。
This dissertation is composed of three chapters. The chemical and bioactive constituents of Isodon rubescens and I. flexicaulis have been phytochemically studied in chapters1and2, respectively. Chapter3is a review about diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) reported from2009.1to2012.10.
On the basis of modern chromatography methods, extensive spectroscopic evidences and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,125compounds, including53new ones, were isolated and identified from the above-mentioned three plants. Types of these compounds include monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, lignans, steroids, flavanones, and other phenolic compounds, and new compounds all belong to diterpenoids or their nitrogen-containing derivatives. A new type of DAs, named Kaurine, possess ent-kaurane skeleton and was quite different from all typical DAs in their structures. Unexpectedly, noncytotoxicity of the new diterpenoid alkaloids was quite different from their cytotoxic diterpenoid analogues. Two cytotoxic candidates of four rare11,20-epxoy-ent-kauranoids from I. rubescens suggested the presence of a new cytotoxic center besides a-methylenecyclopentanone. Moreover, flexicaulin E from I. flexicaulis was the first example of natural13,14-seco-abietane.
Chapter1. Chemical and Bioactive Constituents of Isodon rubescens
Isodon rubescens (Labiatae) is a perennial herb well known as a folk medicine used in the treatment of inflammation and digestive tract cancer in Henan Province. The standard extract of this plant was successfully developed into a drug product for the treatment of sore throats and inflammation in China. Many investigations on this plant showed that ent-kaurane diterpenoids, exemplified by oridonin and ponicidin, were the major bioactive constituents. Professor Han-Dong Sun and his research group from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, investigated on the constituents of I, rubescens growing in many different regions of Henan, Hebei, and Guizhou Provinces. They found that the structural types of the secondary metabolites changed with different ecological environments for this plant so much that the variability of this species in different places was as much as, or even more significant than that of two species of a same genus. In our present study,97compounds were isolated from the leaves and stems of I. rubescens collected from Jianshi County, Hubei Province. Among them,91variable diterpenoids, including47new ones, could be divided to14subtypes.
1. Kaurine A (1)*
2. Kaurine B (2)*
3. Kaurine C (3)*
4. Jianshirubesin A (4)*
5. Jianshirubesin B (5)*
6. Jianshirubesin C (6)*
7. Epinodosin (7)
8. Rabdosin A (8)
9. Enmein (9)
10. Rabdosichuanin C (10)
11. Taibaijaponicain A (11)
12. Maoyecrystal K (12)
13. Isodocarpin (13)
14.6β,15α-Dihydroxy-6,7-seco-6,20-epoxy-1a,7-olide-ent-kaur-16-ene (14)
15. Epinodosinol (15)
16.6α,15α-Dihydroxy-20-aldehyde-6,7-seco-6,11a-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-1a,7-olide (16)
17. laxiflorin C (17)
18. laxiflorin D (18)
19. Laxiflorin E (19)
20. Jianshirubesin D (20)*
21. Jianshirubesin E (21)*
22. Jianshirubesin F (22)*
23. Rubescensin W (23)
24. Hubeirubesin A (24)*
25. Hubeirubesin B (25)*
26. Jianshirubesin G (26)*
27. Jianshirubesin H (27)*
28. Jianshirubesin I (28)*
29. Ponicidin(29)
30. Hubeirubesin C (30)*
31. Hubeirubesin D (31)*
32. Hubeirubesin E (32)*
33. Hubeirubesin F (33)*
34. Hubeirubesin G (34)*
35. Hubeirubesin H (35)*
36. Hubeirubesin I (36)*
37. Hubeirubesin J (37)*
38. Hubeirubesin K (38)*
39. Hubeirubesin L (39)*
40. Hubeirubesin M (40)*
41. Hubeirubesin N (41)*
42. Hubeirubesin O (42)*
43. Hubeirubesin P (43)*
44. Hubeirubesin Q (44)*
45. Hubeirubesin R (45)*
46. Hubeirubesin S (46)*
47. Hubeirubesin T (47)*
48. Hubeirubesin U (48)*
49. Hubeirubesin V (49)*
50. Hubeirubesin W (50)*
51. Hubeirubesin X (51)*
52. Hubeirubesin Y (52)*
53. Hubeirubesin Z (53)*
54. Jianshirubesin J (54)*
55. Jianshirubesin K (55)*
56. Jianshirubesin L (56)*
57. Jianshirubesin M (57)*
58. Oridonin (58)
59. Rubescensin C (59)
60. Rubescensin E (60)
61. Rubescensin G (61)
62. Rubescensin Q (62)
63.6β,7β,14β,15β-Tetrahydroxy-7a,20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-ene (63)
64. Maoecrystal X (64)
65. Maoyecrystal F (65)
66. Acetonide of maoyecrystal F (66)
67. Hebeirubescensin K (67)
68. Wikstroemioidin B (68)
69. Rabdoternin A (69)
70. Rabdoternin B (70)
71. Rabdoternin D (71)
72. Rabdoternin F (72)
73. Shikokianin (73)
74. Lasiodin (74)
75. Lasiokaurinol (75)
76. Enmenin (76)
77. Enmenin monoacetate (77)
78. Rabdolongin A (78)
79. Parvifoline F (79)
80. Odonicin (80)
81. Parvifoline AA (81)
82. ent-Abierubesin A (82)*
83. ent-Abierubesin B (83)*
84. ent-Abierubesin C (84)*
85. ent-Abierubesin D (85)*
86. ent-Abierubesin E (86)*
87. Hebeiabinin B (87)
88. ent-Abienervonin C (88)
89. Rabdoepigibberellolide (89)
90. Lushanrubescensin J (90)
91. Phytol(91)
92. Tormentic acid (92)
93. Heterobetulinic acid (93)
94. Pinoresinol (94)
95. Acetoxypinoresinol (95)
96.5,6-Dihydroxy-7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone (96)
97. β-Sitosterol (97)
98. Blumenol(98) NOTE:*new compound
Chapter2. Chemical Constituents of Isodon flexicaulis
Isodon flexicaulis belongs to the genus Isodon of the family Labiatae. It is a shrub mainly distributed in the southwest of Sichuan Province and has not been well-studied in fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology. In order to search new bioactive constituents, the arieal parts of I. flexicaulis collected in Daofu County, Sichuan Province, were systematically investigated, and27compounds, including six new diterpenoids, were isolated and identified. The types of these compounds are mainly the rosmaric acid, diterpenoid, and triterpenoid.
1. Flexicaulin B (1)*
2. Flexicaulin C (2)*
3. Flexicaulin D (3)*
4. Forrestin B (4)
5. Tenuifolin F4(5)
6. Inflexarabdonin D (6)
7. Flexicaulin E (7)*
8. Flexicaulin F (8)*
9. Flexicaulin G (9)*
10.7α-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid (10)
11.15-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid (11)
12. Pomiferin F(12)
13. Rotundic acid (13)
14. Tormentic acid (14)
15. Corsolic acid (15)
16.23-Hydroxyursolic acid (16)
17. Maslic acid (17)
18. Teuclatriol (18)
19. menth-l-ene-3,6-diol (19)
20.1-Hydroxypinoresinol (20)
21. Epipinoresinol (21)
22. Lariciresinol (22)
23. Caffeic acid (23)
24. Rosmarinic acid (24)
25.3'-O-Methyl-rosmarinic acid (25)
26. Methyl isoferuloyl-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-lactate (26)
27. Methyl-6-dehydroxyl-rosmarinate (27)
NOTE:*new compound
Chapter3. Diterpene Alkaloids (2009.01-2012.10)
172diterpene alkaloids (DAs) reported from2009.01to2012.10were reviewed. These compounds involved114typical DAs belonging to C20-, C19-, C18-, and dimeric four types and more than10subtypes, as well as another58untypical DAs. In this review, structural types, compound names, and plant sources are summarized in detail so as to distinguish typical and untypical DAs.
引文
[1]中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志.北京：科学出版社,2007.
[2]河南省医学科学研究所药理药化组,河南医学院化学教研室,云南植物研究所植物化学研究室等.中草药通讯,1977,10：5-7.
[3]河南省医学科学研究所药理药化组,河南医学院化学教研室,云南植物研究所植物化学研究室等.中草药通训,1977,11：30-4.
[4]韩全斌.中国科学院博士论文.云南昆明：昆明植物研究所图书馆,2004.
[5]Kubo I., Kamikawa T., Kubota T. Studies on constituents of Isodon japonicus Hara-Structures and absolute stereochemistry of isodonal, trichodonin and epinodosin. Tetrahedron,1974,30(5):615-22.
[6]Li J. C, Liu C. J., An X. Z., et al. Studies on the antitumor constituent of Rabdosia japonica (Burm. f) Hara. The structures of rabdosin A and B. Acta Pharm Sinica, 1982,17(9):682-7.
[7]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Pu J. X., et al. ent-Kaurane and cembrane diterpenoids from Isodon sculponeatus and their cytotoxicity. J Nat Prod,2009,72(10):1851-6.
[8]Huang H., Zhang H. J., Sun H. D. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia setschwanensis. Phytochemistry,1990,29(8):2591-5.
[9]Li B. L., Tian X. H. Enmein type diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. Phytochemistry,2001,58(4):543-6.
[10]Bai S. P., Jin X. L., Yang L. Two new diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. J Chem Res,2004, (6):384-6.
[11]Yan F. L., Guo L. Q., Bai S. P., et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon nervosus.JChin Chem Soc,2008,55(4):933-6.
[12]Fujita E., Fujita T., Shibuya M. Terpenoids.11. Structure and absolute configuration of trichokaurin and its chemical conversion into (-)-kaurene and diterpene alkaloids. Tetrahedron,1969,25(12):2517-30.
[13]Sun H. D., Qiu S. X., Lin L. Z., et al. Crystal structure of a 1:1 complex of natural diterpenoids:Absolute configurations and unambiguous NMR spectral assignments of neoangustifolin and epinodosinol. JNat Prod,1997,60(3):203-6.
[14]Yan F. L., Zhang L. B., Zhang J. X., et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon serra. J Chem Res,2007, (6):362-4.
[15]Sun H. D., Lin Z. W., Niu F. D., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora. Phytochemistry,1995,38(6):1451-5.
[16]侯爱君,杨辉,姜北等.疏花毛萼香茶菜中一新的对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜(英文).云南植物研究2000,(03)：337-42.
[17]Niu X. M., Li S. H., Li M. L., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora. Planta Med,2002,68(6):528-33.
[18]Han Q. B., Zhang J. X., Lu Y., et al. A novel cytotoxic oxetane ent-kauranoid from Isodon japonicus. Planta Med,2004,70:581-4.
[19]尹锋,梁敬钰,刘净.冬凌草化学成分的研究.中国药科大学学报2003,(04)：12-4.
[20]Lu Y. B., Sun C. R., Pan Y. J. Isolation and purification of oridonin from Rabdosia rubescens using upright counter-current chromatography. JSep Sci, 2006,29(2):314-8.
[21]Sun H., Chao J., Lin Z., et al. The structure of rubescensin-C-a new minor diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens. Chem Pharm Bull,1982, 30(1):341-3.
[22]刘晨江,赵志鸿.冬凌草戊素的结构研究.中国中药杂志,1997,22(010)：612-3.
[23]韩全斌,梅双喜,姜北等.冬凌草中的新对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物.有机化学,2003,(03)：270-3.
[24]Han Q. B., Li R. T., Li M. L., et al. ent-Kauranoids from Isodon rubescens var. taihangensis. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2005,7(1):31-6.
[25]Fujita E., Fuji K., Noide M., et al. Diterpenoids as analgesics. Application:JP, 1991-51654(07173147),1995.9
[26]Shen Y. H., Wen Z. Y., Xu G., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx. Chem Biodivers,2005,2(12):1665-72.
[27]Zhang J. X., Han Q. B., Zhao A. H., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. Fitoterapia,2003,74(5):435-8.
[28]Huang S. X., Zhou Y., Pu J. X., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kauranoid derivatives from Isodon rubescens. Tetrahedron,2006,62(20):4941-7.
[29]Wu S. H., Zhang H. J., Chen Y. P., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon wikstroemioides. Phytochemistry,1993,34(4):1099-102.
[30]Takeda Y., Takeda K., Fujita T., et al. Studies on the diterpenoid constituents of Rabdosia ternifolia-Structural elucidation of new diterpenoids, rabdoternin a, rabdoternin B and rabdoternin C. Chem Pharm Bull,1990,38(2):439-42.
[31]Takeda Y., Takeda K. I., Fujita T., et al. Rabdoternins D-G, ent-7a,20-epoxykaurenes from Rabdosia ternifoli. Phytochemistry,1994, 35(6):1513-6.
[32]韩全斌,张积霞,沈云亨等.毛叶香茶菜中的二萜化合物(英文).中国天然药物,2003,(01)：24-8.
[33]孔漫,汪茂田.香茶菜属二萜的2DNMR研究(1).波谱学杂志,1993,(03)：309-14.
[34]Mori S., Koizumi T., Shudo K., et al. Studies of constituents of Isodon trichocarpus Kudo:2. Structures of enmenin, enmelol, and ememodin. Chem Pharm Bull,1970,18(5):884-9.
[35]Takeda Y., Ichihara T., Otsuka H. Studies on the diterpenoids of Rabdosia longituba (Miq) Hara - Structure of a new bitter diterpenoid, rabdolongin A, and the absolute stereochemistry of rabdolongin B (= maoecrystal D). Chem Pharm Bull,1988,36(6):2079-83.
[36]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Huang S. X., et al.7a,20-epoxy-ent-kauranoids from Isodon parvifolius. JNat Prod,2006,69(4):645-9.
[37]Li B. L., Li J., Tong L., et al. Stereochemistry structure of odonicin. B Kor Chem Soc,2004,25(2):304-6.
[38]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Li S. H., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kauranoids from Isodon parvifolius. Chem Biodivers,2006,3(9):1031-8.
[39]Huang S. X., Pu J. X., Xiao W. L., et al. ent-Abietane diterpenoids from Isodon rubescens var. rubescens. Phytochemistry,2007,68(5):616-22.
[40]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Ding L. S., et al. ent-Abietanoids and ent-isopimaranoid glycosides from Isodon nervosus. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(2):362-9.
[41]赵清治,张雁冰,寇娴等.毛叶香茶菜中新奇二萜化合物的核磁共振波谱信号的指定.云南植物研究2001,(03)：397-9.
[42]Han Q. B., Lu Y., Wu L., et al. An asymmetric ent-kauranoid dimer from Isodon rubescens var. lushanensis. Tetrahedron Lett,2005,46(32):5373-5.
[43]van Klink J., Becker H., Andersson S., et al. Biosynthesis of anthecotuloide, an irregular sesquiterpene lactone from Anthemis cotula L. (Asteraceae) via a non-farnesyl diphosphate route. Org Biomol Chem,2003, 1(9):1503-8.
[44]Li Q., Hui J., Shang D., et al. Investigation of the chemical constituents of the roots of Potentilla anserina L. in Tibet. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal (Taipei, Taiwan),2003,55(3):179-84.
[45]Lobo-Echeverri T., Rivero-Cruz J. F., Su B. N., et al. Constituents of the leaves and twigs of Calyptranthes pollens collected from an experimental plot in southern Florida. J Nat Prod,2005,68(4):577-80.
[46]张冬梅,胡立宏,叶文才等.白蜡树的化学成分研究.中国天然药物,2003,1(2)：79-81.
[47]Miski M., Ulubelen A., Mabry T. J.6-Hydroxyflavones from Thymbra spicata. Phytochemistry,1983,22(9):2093-4.
[48]Chang Y. C., Chang F. R., Wu Y. C. The constituents of Lindera glauca. J Chin Chem Soc-Taip,2000,47(2):373-80.
[49]Habib-Ur-Rehman, Arfan M., Atta-Ur-Rahman, et al. Chemical constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. J Chem Soc Pakistan,2003,25(4):337-40.
[50]Han Q. B., Li R. T., Zhang J. X., et al. Rubescensins S and T:seco-ent-Kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon rubescens var. taihangensis. Helv Chim Acta,2004, 87(5):1119-24.
[51]Flack H. D. On enantiomorph-polarity estimation. Acta Crystallogr A,1983, 39(Nov):876-81.
[52]Huang S. X., Tetracyclic diterpenoids, in:Sun, HD (Ed.), Chemistry of diterpenoids, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing,2012, pp.216.
[53]Karplus M. Vicinal proton coupling in nuclear magnetic resonance. J Am Chem Soc,1963,85(18):2870-1.
[54]Phadnis A. P., Patwardhan S. A., Gupta A. S., et al. Plecostonol, a new ent-kaurene diterpenoid from Plectranthus coesta Buch-Ham. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 1,1986:655-8.
[55]Sun H. D., Huang S. X., Han Q. B. Diterpenoids from Isodon species and their biological activities. Nat Prod Rep,2006,23(5):673-98.
[1]中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志.北京：科学出版社,2007.
[2]Zhang H., Sun H. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia flexicaulis. Phytochemistry,1989, 28(12):3534-6.
[3]Xu Y. L., Kubo I., Tang C. S., et al. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia forrestii. Phytochemistry,1993,34(2):461-5.
[4]杨建红.中国科学院博士论文.云南昆明：昆明植物研究所图书馆,2010.
[5]Hong S. S., Lee S. A., Kim N., et al. Pyrrolidinone diterpenoid from Isodon excisus and inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21(4):1279-81.
[6]芦毅,华燕.紫珠的松香烷型二萜成分研究.天然产物研究与开发2011,23(1)：66-8.
[7]Yang X. W., Feng L., Li S. M., et al. Isolation, structure, and bioactivities of abiesadines A-Y,25 new diterpenes from Abies georgei Orr. Bioorgan Med Chem,2010,18(2):744-54.
[8]Topcu G., Ulubelen A., Eris C. Diterpenoids and triterpenoids of Salvia pomifera. Phytochemistry,1994,36(3):743-5.
[9]Lee T. H., Juang S. H., Hsu F. L., et al. Triterpene acids from the leaves of Planchonella duclitan (Blanco) Bakhuizan. J Chin Chem Soc-Taip,2005, 52(6):1275-80.
[10]Li L. M., Pu J. X., Xiao W. L., et al. Triterpenes from Isodon xerophilus. Chin J Nat Medicines,2012,10(4):307-10.
[11]Ferreira M. J. P., Oliveira F. C., Rodrigues G. V., et al.13C NMR pattern recognition of guaiane sesquiterpenes. Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design,2004,3(11):737-49.
[12]Swain N. A., Brown R. C. D., Bruton G. A versatile stereoselective synthesis of endo,exo-furofuranones:Application to the enantioselective synthesis of furofuran lignans. J Org Chem,2004,69(1):122-9.
[13]Deyama T., Ikawa T., Kitagawa S., et al. The constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.5. Isolation of dihydroxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol isomers and phenolic compounds. Chem Pharm Bull,1987,35(5):1785-9.
[14]Xie L. H., Akao T., Hamasaki K., et al. Biotransformation of pinoresinol diglucoside to mammalian lignans by human intestinal microflora, and isolation of Enterococcus faecalis strain PDG-1 responsible for the transformation of (+)-pinoresinol to (+)-lariciresinol. Chem Pharm Bull,2003,51(5):508-15.
[15]毕跃峰,郑晓珂,冯卫生等.卷柏中化学成分的分离与结构鉴定.药学学报,2004,(01)：41-5.
[16]Ticli F. K., Hage L. I., Cambraia R. S., et al. Rosmarinic acid, a new snake venom phospholipase A2 inhibitor from Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae): Antiserum action potentiation and molecular interaction. Toxicon,2005, 46(3):318-27.
[17]Kim J., Song S., Lee I., et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of constituents from Glechoma hederacea var. longituba. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011, 21(11):3483-7.
[18]张龙,周光雄,李茜等.狭基线纹香茶菜的化学成分.沈阳药科大学学报，2006,1：23.
[1]Wang F. P., Chen Q. H., Liu X. Y. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,2010, 27(4):529-70.
[2]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1999,16(5):619-35.
[3]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1997,14(2):191-203.
[4]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1995,12(4):361-79.
[5]Yunusov M. S. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1993,10(5):471-86.
[6]Yunusov M. S. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1991,8(5):499-526.
[7]Pelletier S. W., Page S. W. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1986,3(5):451-64.
[8]Pelletier S. W., Page S. W. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1984, 1(4):375-86.
[9]Sham'yanov I. D., Tashkhodzhaev B., Mukhamatkhanova R. F., et al. Sesquiterpene lactones and new diterpenoid alkaloids from Artemisia korshinskyi. Chem Nat Compd, 2012,48(4):616-21.
[10]Song L., Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., et al. New C19-and C18-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Chem Pharm Bull,2009,57(2):158-61.
[11]Shen Y., Ai H. L., Cao T. W., et al. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum transsectum. Helv Chim Acta,2012,95(3):509-13.
[12]Mericli A. H., Cagal-Yurdusever N., Ozcelik H., et al. A new diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of a white-flowering Aconitum orientale sample. Helv Chim Acta,2012, 95(2):314-9.
[13]Liu X. X., Jian X. X., Cai X. F., et al. Cardioactive C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli "Fu Zi". Chem Pharm Bull,2012,60(1):144-9.
[14]Jiang B. Y., Lin S., Zhu C. G., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii. JNat Prod,2012,75(6):1145-59.
[15]Xu N., Zhao D. F., Liang X. M., et al. Identification of diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reihcb. Molecules,2011,16:3345-50.
[16]Wang Y. J., Zhang J., Zeng C. J., et al. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum pendulum. Phytochem Lett,2011,4(2):166-9.
[17]Zhang Z. T., Liu X. Y., Chen D. L., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum liangshanicum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(4):811-7.
[18]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Five new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(3):482-9.
[19]Gao F., Zhu S. A., Wu W., et al. C19-Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum hemsleyanum var. hanyuanum and their chemotaxonomic significance. Biochem Syst Ecol, 2010,38(5):1052-5.
[20]Gao F., Liu X. Y., Wang F. P. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum var. circinatum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(4):785-90.
[21]Ge Y. H., Mu S. Z., Yang S. Y., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum recemulosum Franch. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(9):1860-5.
[22]He P., Jian X. X., Chen D.1., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum longzhoushanense. Nat Prod Commun,2009,4(1):19-22.
[23]Forgo P., Borcsa B., Csupor D., et al. Diterpene alkaloids from Aconitum anthora and assessment of the hERG-inhibiting ability of Aconitum alkaloids. Planta Med,2011, 77(4):368-73.
[24]Wada K., Kawahara N. Diterpenoid and norditerpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum yesoense var. macroyesoense. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(4):629-37.
[25]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. C19-Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium umbrosum. JAsian Nat Prod Res,2010,12(6):498-504.
[26]Chen F. Z., Chen D. L., Chen Q. H., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium majus. J Nat Prod,2009,72(1):18-23.
[27]Li C., Hirasawa Y., Arai H., et al. A new diterpenoid alkaloid, sharwuphinine A, from Delphinium sharwurense. Heterocycles,2010,80(1):607-12.
[28]Wang D. P., Lou H. Y., Huang L., et al. A novel franchetine type norditerpenoid isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. with potential analgesic activity and less toxicity. BioorgMed Chem Lett,2012,22(13):4444-6.
[29]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium yunnanense. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(2):254-60.
[30]Liu H. Y., Ni W., Chen C. X., et al. Two new diterpenoid lactams from Spiraea japonica var. ovalifolia. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(6):1198-202.
[31]He Y. Q., Ma Z. Y., Wei X. M., et al. Chemical constituents from Delphinium chrysotrichum and their biological activity. Fitoterapia,2010,81(7):929-31.
[32]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Two new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum carmichaelii. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(1):122-6.
[33]Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. Three new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Chin Chem Lett,2009,20(6):698-701.
[34]Nisar M., Ahmad M., Wadood N., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum heterophyllum Wall:Selective butyrylcholinestrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2009,24(1):47-51.
[35]He Y. Q., Ma Z. Y., Wei X. M., et al. Honatisine, a novel diterpenoid alkaloid, and six known alkaloids from Delphinium honanense and their cytotoxic activity. Chem Biodiversity,2011,8(11):2104-9.
[36]Qu S. J., Tan C. H., Liu Z. L., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum tanguticum. Phytochem Lett,2011,4(2):144-6.
[37]Liu X. Y., Song L., Chen Q. H., et al. Two new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Nat Prod Commun,2010,5(7):1005-8.
[38]Zhan Z. J., Ma L. F., Zhang X. Y., et al. A new hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum coreanum. JChem Res,2009, (1):20-1.
[39]Tang Q. F., Ye W. C., Liu J. H., et al. Three new hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum coreanum. Phytochem Lett,2012,5(2):397-400.
[40]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Liu X. Y., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium tatsienense. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(5):853-8.
[41]Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. New C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(4):745-52.
[42]Yu H. J., Liang T. T. A new alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. J Chin Chem Soc (Weinheim, Ger),2012,59(6):693-5.
[43]Cai L., Song L., Chen Q. H., et al. Piepunine, a novel bis-diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum piepunense. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(11):2251-5.
[44]Lin L., Chen D. L., Liu X. Y., et al. Trichocarpinine, a novel hetidine-hetisine type bisditerpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum tanguticum var. trichocarpum. Helv Chim Acta, 2010,93(1):118-22.
[45]Lin L., Chen D. L., Liu X. Y., et al. Bis-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum tanguticum var. trichocarpum. Nat Prod Commun,2009,4(7):897-901.
[46]Mu Z. Q., Gao H., Huang Z. Y., et al. Puberunine and puberudine, two new C18-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum barbatum var. puberulum. Org Lett,2012, 14(11):2758-61.
[47]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Hemsleyaconitines F and G, two novel C19-diterpenoid alkaloids possessing a unique skeleton from Aconitum hemsleyanum. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(2):268-72.
[48]Nguyen V. H., Pham V. C., Nguyen T. T. H., et al. Novel antioxidant neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. EurJ Org Chem,2009, (33):5810-5, S/1-S/32.
[49]Dai S. J., Peng W. B., Zhang D. W., et al. Cytotoxic neo-clerodane diterpenoid alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata. JNat Prod,2009,72(10):1793-7.
[50]Dai S. J., Peng W. B., Shen L., et al. Two new neoclerodane diterpenoid alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata with cytotoxic activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2009,11(5):451-6.
[51]Zhu F., Di Y. T., Liu L. L., et al. Cytotoxic neoclerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. JNat Prod,2010,73(2):233-6.
[52]Zhu F., Di Y. T., Li X. Y., et al. Neoclerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. Planta Med,2011,77(13):1536-41.
[53]Nie X. P., Qu G. W., Yue X. D., et al. Scutelinquanines A-C, three new cytotoxic neo-clerodane diterpenoid from Scutellaria barbata. Phytochem Lett,2010,3(4):190-3.
[54]Qu G. W., Yue X. D., Li G. S., et al. Two new cytotoxic ent-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2010,12(10):859-64.
[55]Lee H., Hee Shim S. neo-Clerodane diterpenoids from the aerial part of Scutellaria barbata. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(4):643-9.
[56]Calcul L., Tenney K., Ratnam J., et al. Structural variations to the 9-N-methyladeninium diterpenoid hybrid commonly isolated from Agelas Sponges. Aust J Chem,2010, 63(6):915-21.
[57]Kubota T., Iwai T., Takahashi-Nakaguchi A., et al. Agelasines O-U, new diterpene alkaloids with a 9-N-methyladenine unit from a marine sponge Agelas sp. Tetrahedron, 2012,68(47):9738-44.
[58]Ou Y. X., Li Y. Y., Qian X. M., et al. Guanacastane-type diterpenoids from Coprinus radians. Phytochemistry (Elsevier),2012,78:190-6.
[59]Aljancic I. S., Pesic M., Milosavljevic S. M., et al. Isolation and biological evaluation of jatrophane diterpenoids from Euphorbia dendroides. JNat Prod,2011,74(7):1613-20.
[60]Song Z. Q., Mu S. Z., Di Y. T., et al. A new jatrophane diterpenoid from Euphorbia peplus. Chin JNatMed,2010,8(2):81-3.
[61]Huang Y., Aisa H. A. Jatrophane diterpenoids from Fructus Euphorbia sororia. Phytochem Lett,2010,3(4):176-80.
[62]Shokoohinia Y., Sajjadi S.-E., Zolfaghari B., et al. Diterpenoid (poly)esters and a ring A-seco-phorboid from the aerial parts of Euphorbia macroclada Boiss. Fitoterapia,2010, 81(7):884-90.
[63]Wang X. C., Zheng Z. P., Gan X. W., et al. Jatrophalactam, a novel diterpenoid lactam isolated from Jatropha curcas. Org Lett,2009, 11(23):5522-4.
[64]Shiono Y., Kikuchi M., Koseki T., et al. Isopimarane diterpene glycosides, isolated from endophytic fungus Paraconiothyrium sp. MY-42. Phytochemistry (Elsevier),2011, 72(11-12):1400-5.
[65]Hong S. S., Lee S. A., Kim N., et al. Pyrrolidinone diterpenoid from Isodon excisus and inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21(4):1279-81.
[66]Lamoral-Theys D., Fattorusso E., Mangoni A., et al. Evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of diterpene isonitriles from the sponge Pseudoaxinella flava in apoptosis-sensitive and apoptosis-resistant cancer cell lines. J Nat Prod,2011, 74(10):2299-303.
[67]Wattanapiromsakul C., Chanthathamrongsiri N., Bussarawit S., et al. 8-Isocyanoamphilecta-11(20),15-diene, a new antimalarial isonitrile diterpene from the sponge Ciocalapata sp. Can JChem,2009,87(5):612-8.
[68]Aviles E., Rodriguez A. D. Monamphilectine A, a potent antimalarial β-lactam from marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp:Isolation, structure, semisynthesis, and bioactivity. Org Lett,2010,12(22):5290-3.
[2]河南省医学科学研究所药理药化组,河南医学院化学教研室,云南植物研究所植物化学研究室等.中草药通讯,1977,10：5-7.
[3]河南省医学科学研究所药理药化组,河南医学院化学教研室,云南植物研究所植物化学研究室等.中草药通训,1977,11：30-4.
[4]韩全斌.中国科学院博士论文.云南昆明：昆明植物研究所图书馆,2004.
[5]Kubo I., Kamikawa T., Kubota T. Studies on constituents of Isodon japonicus Hara-Structures and absolute stereochemistry of isodonal, trichodonin and epinodosin. Tetrahedron,1974,30(5):615-22.
[6]Li J. C, Liu C. J., An X. Z., et al. Studies on the antitumor constituent of Rabdosia japonica (Burm. f) Hara. The structures of rabdosin A and B. Acta Pharm Sinica, 1982,17(9):682-7.
[7]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Pu J. X., et al. ent-Kaurane and cembrane diterpenoids from Isodon sculponeatus and their cytotoxicity. J Nat Prod,2009,72(10):1851-6.
[8]Huang H., Zhang H. J., Sun H. D. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia setschwanensis. Phytochemistry,1990,29(8):2591-5.
[9]Li B. L., Tian X. H. Enmein type diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. Phytochemistry,2001,58(4):543-6.
[10]Bai S. P., Jin X. L., Yang L. Two new diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. J Chem Res,2004, (6):384-6.
[11]Yan F. L., Guo L. Q., Bai S. P., et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon nervosus.JChin Chem Soc,2008,55(4):933-6.
[12]Fujita E., Fujita T., Shibuya M. Terpenoids.11. Structure and absolute configuration of trichokaurin and its chemical conversion into (-)-kaurene and diterpene alkaloids. Tetrahedron,1969,25(12):2517-30.
[13]Sun H. D., Qiu S. X., Lin L. Z., et al. Crystal structure of a 1:1 complex of natural diterpenoids:Absolute configurations and unambiguous NMR spectral assignments of neoangustifolin and epinodosinol. JNat Prod,1997,60(3):203-6.
[14]Yan F. L., Zhang L. B., Zhang J. X., et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon serra. J Chem Res,2007, (6):362-4.
[15]Sun H. D., Lin Z. W., Niu F. D., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora. Phytochemistry,1995,38(6):1451-5.
[16]侯爱君,杨辉,姜北等.疏花毛萼香茶菜中一新的对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜(英文).云南植物研究2000,(03)：337-42.
[17]Niu X. M., Li S. H., Li M. L., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora. Planta Med,2002,68(6):528-33.
[18]Han Q. B., Zhang J. X., Lu Y., et al. A novel cytotoxic oxetane ent-kauranoid from Isodon japonicus. Planta Med,2004,70:581-4.
[19]尹锋,梁敬钰,刘净.冬凌草化学成分的研究.中国药科大学学报2003,(04)：12-4.
[20]Lu Y. B., Sun C. R., Pan Y. J. Isolation and purification of oridonin from Rabdosia rubescens using upright counter-current chromatography. JSep Sci, 2006,29(2):314-8.
[21]Sun H., Chao J., Lin Z., et al. The structure of rubescensin-C-a new minor diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens. Chem Pharm Bull,1982, 30(1):341-3.
[22]刘晨江,赵志鸿.冬凌草戊素的结构研究.中国中药杂志,1997,22(010)：612-3.
[23]韩全斌,梅双喜,姜北等.冬凌草中的新对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物.有机化学,2003,(03)：270-3.
[24]Han Q. B., Li R. T., Li M. L., et al. ent-Kauranoids from Isodon rubescens var. taihangensis. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2005,7(1):31-6.
[25]Fujita E., Fuji K., Noide M., et al. Diterpenoids as analgesics. Application:JP, 1991-51654(07173147),1995.9
[26]Shen Y. H., Wen Z. Y., Xu G., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon eriocalyx. Chem Biodivers,2005,2(12):1665-72.
[27]Zhang J. X., Han Q. B., Zhao A. H., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. Fitoterapia,2003,74(5):435-8.
[28]Huang S. X., Zhou Y., Pu J. X., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kauranoid derivatives from Isodon rubescens. Tetrahedron,2006,62(20):4941-7.
[29]Wu S. H., Zhang H. J., Chen Y. P., et al. Diterpenoids from Isodon wikstroemioides. Phytochemistry,1993,34(4):1099-102.
[30]Takeda Y., Takeda K., Fujita T., et al. Studies on the diterpenoid constituents of Rabdosia ternifolia-Structural elucidation of new diterpenoids, rabdoternin a, rabdoternin B and rabdoternin C. Chem Pharm Bull,1990,38(2):439-42.
[31]Takeda Y., Takeda K. I., Fujita T., et al. Rabdoternins D-G, ent-7a,20-epoxykaurenes from Rabdosia ternifoli. Phytochemistry,1994, 35(6):1513-6.
[32]韩全斌,张积霞,沈云亨等.毛叶香茶菜中的二萜化合物(英文).中国天然药物,2003,(01)：24-8.
[33]孔漫,汪茂田.香茶菜属二萜的2DNMR研究(1).波谱学杂志,1993,(03)：309-14.
[34]Mori S., Koizumi T., Shudo K., et al. Studies of constituents of Isodon trichocarpus Kudo:2. Structures of enmenin, enmelol, and ememodin. Chem Pharm Bull,1970,18(5):884-9.
[35]Takeda Y., Ichihara T., Otsuka H. Studies on the diterpenoids of Rabdosia longituba (Miq) Hara - Structure of a new bitter diterpenoid, rabdolongin A, and the absolute stereochemistry of rabdolongin B (= maoecrystal D). Chem Pharm Bull,1988,36(6):2079-83.
[36]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Huang S. X., et al.7a,20-epoxy-ent-kauranoids from Isodon parvifolius. JNat Prod,2006,69(4):645-9.
[37]Li B. L., Li J., Tong L., et al. Stereochemistry structure of odonicin. B Kor Chem Soc,2004,25(2):304-6.
[38]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Li S. H., et al. Cytotoxic ent-kauranoids from Isodon parvifolius. Chem Biodivers,2006,3(9):1031-8.
[39]Huang S. X., Pu J. X., Xiao W. L., et al. ent-Abietane diterpenoids from Isodon rubescens var. rubescens. Phytochemistry,2007,68(5):616-22.
[40]Li L. M., Li G. Y., Ding L. S., et al. ent-Abietanoids and ent-isopimaranoid glycosides from Isodon nervosus. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(2):362-9.
[41]赵清治,张雁冰,寇娴等.毛叶香茶菜中新奇二萜化合物的核磁共振波谱信号的指定.云南植物研究2001,(03)：397-9.
[42]Han Q. B., Lu Y., Wu L., et al. An asymmetric ent-kauranoid dimer from Isodon rubescens var. lushanensis. Tetrahedron Lett,2005,46(32):5373-5.
[43]van Klink J., Becker H., Andersson S., et al. Biosynthesis of anthecotuloide, an irregular sesquiterpene lactone from Anthemis cotula L. (Asteraceae) via a non-farnesyl diphosphate route. Org Biomol Chem,2003, 1(9):1503-8.
[44]Li Q., Hui J., Shang D., et al. Investigation of the chemical constituents of the roots of Potentilla anserina L. in Tibet. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal (Taipei, Taiwan),2003,55(3):179-84.
[45]Lobo-Echeverri T., Rivero-Cruz J. F., Su B. N., et al. Constituents of the leaves and twigs of Calyptranthes pollens collected from an experimental plot in southern Florida. J Nat Prod,2005,68(4):577-80.
[46]张冬梅,胡立宏,叶文才等.白蜡树的化学成分研究.中国天然药物,2003,1(2)：79-81.
[47]Miski M., Ulubelen A., Mabry T. J.6-Hydroxyflavones from Thymbra spicata. Phytochemistry,1983,22(9):2093-4.
[48]Chang Y. C., Chang F. R., Wu Y. C. The constituents of Lindera glauca. J Chin Chem Soc-Taip,2000,47(2):373-80.
[49]Habib-Ur-Rehman, Arfan M., Atta-Ur-Rahman, et al. Chemical constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. J Chem Soc Pakistan,2003,25(4):337-40.
[50]Han Q. B., Li R. T., Zhang J. X., et al. Rubescensins S and T:seco-ent-Kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon rubescens var. taihangensis. Helv Chim Acta,2004, 87(5):1119-24.
[51]Flack H. D. On enantiomorph-polarity estimation. Acta Crystallogr A,1983, 39(Nov):876-81.
[52]Huang S. X., Tetracyclic diterpenoids, in:Sun, HD (Ed.), Chemistry of diterpenoids, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing,2012, pp.216.
[53]Karplus M. Vicinal proton coupling in nuclear magnetic resonance. J Am Chem Soc,1963,85(18):2870-1.
[54]Phadnis A. P., Patwardhan S. A., Gupta A. S., et al. Plecostonol, a new ent-kaurene diterpenoid from Plectranthus coesta Buch-Ham. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 1,1986:655-8.
[55]Sun H. D., Huang S. X., Han Q. B. Diterpenoids from Isodon species and their biological activities. Nat Prod Rep,2006,23(5):673-98.
[1]中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志.北京：科学出版社,2007.
[2]Zhang H., Sun H. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia flexicaulis. Phytochemistry,1989, 28(12):3534-6.
[3]Xu Y. L., Kubo I., Tang C. S., et al. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia forrestii. Phytochemistry,1993,34(2):461-5.
[4]杨建红.中国科学院博士论文.云南昆明：昆明植物研究所图书馆,2010.
[5]Hong S. S., Lee S. A., Kim N., et al. Pyrrolidinone diterpenoid from Isodon excisus and inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21(4):1279-81.
[6]芦毅,华燕.紫珠的松香烷型二萜成分研究.天然产物研究与开发2011,23(1)：66-8.
[7]Yang X. W., Feng L., Li S. M., et al. Isolation, structure, and bioactivities of abiesadines A-Y,25 new diterpenes from Abies georgei Orr. Bioorgan Med Chem,2010,18(2):744-54.
[8]Topcu G., Ulubelen A., Eris C. Diterpenoids and triterpenoids of Salvia pomifera. Phytochemistry,1994,36(3):743-5.
[9]Lee T. H., Juang S. H., Hsu F. L., et al. Triterpene acids from the leaves of Planchonella duclitan (Blanco) Bakhuizan. J Chin Chem Soc-Taip,2005, 52(6):1275-80.
[10]Li L. M., Pu J. X., Xiao W. L., et al. Triterpenes from Isodon xerophilus. Chin J Nat Medicines,2012,10(4):307-10.
[11]Ferreira M. J. P., Oliveira F. C., Rodrigues G. V., et al.13C NMR pattern recognition of guaiane sesquiterpenes. Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design,2004,3(11):737-49.
[12]Swain N. A., Brown R. C. D., Bruton G. A versatile stereoselective synthesis of endo,exo-furofuranones:Application to the enantioselective synthesis of furofuran lignans. J Org Chem,2004,69(1):122-9.
[13]Deyama T., Ikawa T., Kitagawa S., et al. The constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.5. Isolation of dihydroxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol isomers and phenolic compounds. Chem Pharm Bull,1987,35(5):1785-9.
[14]Xie L. H., Akao T., Hamasaki K., et al. Biotransformation of pinoresinol diglucoside to mammalian lignans by human intestinal microflora, and isolation of Enterococcus faecalis strain PDG-1 responsible for the transformation of (+)-pinoresinol to (+)-lariciresinol. Chem Pharm Bull,2003,51(5):508-15.
[15]毕跃峰,郑晓珂,冯卫生等.卷柏中化学成分的分离与结构鉴定.药学学报,2004,(01)：41-5.
[16]Ticli F. K., Hage L. I., Cambraia R. S., et al. Rosmarinic acid, a new snake venom phospholipase A2 inhibitor from Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae): Antiserum action potentiation and molecular interaction. Toxicon,2005, 46(3):318-27.
[17]Kim J., Song S., Lee I., et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of constituents from Glechoma hederacea var. longituba. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011, 21(11):3483-7.
[18]张龙,周光雄,李茜等.狭基线纹香茶菜的化学成分.沈阳药科大学学报，2006,1：23.
[1]Wang F. P., Chen Q. H., Liu X. Y. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,2010, 27(4):529-70.
[2]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1999,16(5):619-35.
[3]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1997,14(2):191-203.
[4]Atta-Ur-Rahman, Choudhary M. I. Diterpenoid and steroidal alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep, 1995,12(4):361-79.
[5]Yunusov M. S. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1993,10(5):471-86.
[6]Yunusov M. S. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1991,8(5):499-526.
[7]Pelletier S. W., Page S. W. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1986,3(5):451-64.
[8]Pelletier S. W., Page S. W. Diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep,1984, 1(4):375-86.
[9]Sham'yanov I. D., Tashkhodzhaev B., Mukhamatkhanova R. F., et al. Sesquiterpene lactones and new diterpenoid alkaloids from Artemisia korshinskyi. Chem Nat Compd, 2012,48(4):616-21.
[10]Song L., Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., et al. New C19-and C18-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Chem Pharm Bull,2009,57(2):158-61.
[11]Shen Y., Ai H. L., Cao T. W., et al. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum transsectum. Helv Chim Acta,2012,95(3):509-13.
[12]Mericli A. H., Cagal-Yurdusever N., Ozcelik H., et al. A new diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of a white-flowering Aconitum orientale sample. Helv Chim Acta,2012, 95(2):314-9.
[13]Liu X. X., Jian X. X., Cai X. F., et al. Cardioactive C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli "Fu Zi". Chem Pharm Bull,2012,60(1):144-9.
[14]Jiang B. Y., Lin S., Zhu C. G., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii. JNat Prod,2012,75(6):1145-59.
[15]Xu N., Zhao D. F., Liang X. M., et al. Identification of diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reihcb. Molecules,2011,16:3345-50.
[16]Wang Y. J., Zhang J., Zeng C. J., et al. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum pendulum. Phytochem Lett,2011,4(2):166-9.
[17]Zhang Z. T., Liu X. Y., Chen D. L., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum liangshanicum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(4):811-7.
[18]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Five new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(3):482-9.
[19]Gao F., Zhu S. A., Wu W., et al. C19-Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum hemsleyanum var. hanyuanum and their chemotaxonomic significance. Biochem Syst Ecol, 2010,38(5):1052-5.
[20]Gao F., Liu X. Y., Wang F. P. Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum var. circinatum. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(4):785-90.
[21]Ge Y. H., Mu S. Z., Yang S. Y., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum recemulosum Franch. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(9):1860-5.
[22]He P., Jian X. X., Chen D.1., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum longzhoushanense. Nat Prod Commun,2009,4(1):19-22.
[23]Forgo P., Borcsa B., Csupor D., et al. Diterpene alkaloids from Aconitum anthora and assessment of the hERG-inhibiting ability of Aconitum alkaloids. Planta Med,2011, 77(4):368-73.
[24]Wada K., Kawahara N. Diterpenoid and norditerpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum yesoense var. macroyesoense. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(4):629-37.
[25]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. C19-Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium umbrosum. JAsian Nat Prod Res,2010,12(6):498-504.
[26]Chen F. Z., Chen D. L., Chen Q. H., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium majus. J Nat Prod,2009,72(1):18-23.
[27]Li C., Hirasawa Y., Arai H., et al. A new diterpenoid alkaloid, sharwuphinine A, from Delphinium sharwurense. Heterocycles,2010,80(1):607-12.
[28]Wang D. P., Lou H. Y., Huang L., et al. A novel franchetine type norditerpenoid isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. with potential analgesic activity and less toxicity. BioorgMed Chem Lett,2012,22(13):4444-6.
[29]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium yunnanense. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(2):254-60.
[30]Liu H. Y., Ni W., Chen C. X., et al. Two new diterpenoid lactams from Spiraea japonica var. ovalifolia. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(6):1198-202.
[31]He Y. Q., Ma Z. Y., Wei X. M., et al. Chemical constituents from Delphinium chrysotrichum and their biological activity. Fitoterapia,2010,81(7):929-31.
[32]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Two new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum carmichaelii. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(1):122-6.
[33]Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. Three new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Chin Chem Lett,2009,20(6):698-701.
[34]Nisar M., Ahmad M., Wadood N., et al. New diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum heterophyllum Wall:Selective butyrylcholinestrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2009,24(1):47-51.
[35]He Y. Q., Ma Z. Y., Wei X. M., et al. Honatisine, a novel diterpenoid alkaloid, and six known alkaloids from Delphinium honanense and their cytotoxic activity. Chem Biodiversity,2011,8(11):2104-9.
[36]Qu S. J., Tan C. H., Liu Z. L., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum tanguticum. Phytochem Lett,2011,4(2):144-6.
[37]Liu X. Y., Song L., Chen Q. H., et al. Two new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Nat Prod Commun,2010,5(7):1005-8.
[38]Zhan Z. J., Ma L. F., Zhang X. Y., et al. A new hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum coreanum. JChem Res,2009, (1):20-1.
[39]Tang Q. F., Ye W. C., Liu J. H., et al. Three new hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum coreanum. Phytochem Lett,2012,5(2):397-400.
[40]Chen F. Z., Chen Q. H., Liu X. Y., et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium tatsienense. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(5):853-8.
[41]Liu X. Y., Chen Q. H., Wang F. P. New C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Helv Chim Acta,2009,92(4):745-52.
[42]Yu H. J., Liang T. T. A new alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. J Chin Chem Soc (Weinheim, Ger),2012,59(6):693-5.
[43]Cai L., Song L., Chen Q. H., et al. Piepunine, a novel bis-diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum piepunense. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93(11):2251-5.
[44]Lin L., Chen D. L., Liu X. Y., et al. Trichocarpinine, a novel hetidine-hetisine type bisditerpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum tanguticum var. trichocarpum. Helv Chim Acta, 2010,93(1):118-22.
[45]Lin L., Chen D. L., Liu X. Y., et al. Bis-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum tanguticum var. trichocarpum. Nat Prod Commun,2009,4(7):897-901.
[46]Mu Z. Q., Gao H., Huang Z. Y., et al. Puberunine and puberudine, two new C18-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum barbatum var. puberulum. Org Lett,2012, 14(11):2758-61.
[47]Shen Y., Zuo A. X., Jiang Z. Y., et al. Hemsleyaconitines F and G, two novel C19-diterpenoid alkaloids possessing a unique skeleton from Aconitum hemsleyanum. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(2):268-72.
[48]Nguyen V. H., Pham V. C., Nguyen T. T. H., et al. Novel antioxidant neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. EurJ Org Chem,2009, (33):5810-5, S/1-S/32.
[49]Dai S. J., Peng W. B., Zhang D. W., et al. Cytotoxic neo-clerodane diterpenoid alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata. JNat Prod,2009,72(10):1793-7.
[50]Dai S. J., Peng W. B., Shen L., et al. Two new neoclerodane diterpenoid alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata with cytotoxic activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2009,11(5):451-6.
[51]Zhu F., Di Y. T., Liu L. L., et al. Cytotoxic neoclerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. JNat Prod,2010,73(2):233-6.
[52]Zhu F., Di Y. T., Li X. Y., et al. Neoclerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. Planta Med,2011,77(13):1536-41.
[53]Nie X. P., Qu G. W., Yue X. D., et al. Scutelinquanines A-C, three new cytotoxic neo-clerodane diterpenoid from Scutellaria barbata. Phytochem Lett,2010,3(4):190-3.
[54]Qu G. W., Yue X. D., Li G. S., et al. Two new cytotoxic ent-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata. J Asian Nat Prod Res,2010,12(10):859-64.
[55]Lee H., Hee Shim S. neo-Clerodane diterpenoids from the aerial part of Scutellaria barbata. Helv Chim Acta,2011,94(4):643-9.
[56]Calcul L., Tenney K., Ratnam J., et al. Structural variations to the 9-N-methyladeninium diterpenoid hybrid commonly isolated from Agelas Sponges. Aust J Chem,2010, 63(6):915-21.
[57]Kubota T., Iwai T., Takahashi-Nakaguchi A., et al. Agelasines O-U, new diterpene alkaloids with a 9-N-methyladenine unit from a marine sponge Agelas sp. Tetrahedron, 2012,68(47):9738-44.
[58]Ou Y. X., Li Y. Y., Qian X. M., et al. Guanacastane-type diterpenoids from Coprinus radians. Phytochemistry (Elsevier),2012,78:190-6.
[59]Aljancic I. S., Pesic M., Milosavljevic S. M., et al. Isolation and biological evaluation of jatrophane diterpenoids from Euphorbia dendroides. JNat Prod,2011,74(7):1613-20.
[60]Song Z. Q., Mu S. Z., Di Y. T., et al. A new jatrophane diterpenoid from Euphorbia peplus. Chin JNatMed,2010,8(2):81-3.
[61]Huang Y., Aisa H. A. Jatrophane diterpenoids from Fructus Euphorbia sororia. Phytochem Lett,2010,3(4):176-80.
[62]Shokoohinia Y., Sajjadi S.-E., Zolfaghari B., et al. Diterpenoid (poly)esters and a ring A-seco-phorboid from the aerial parts of Euphorbia macroclada Boiss. Fitoterapia,2010, 81(7):884-90.
[63]Wang X. C., Zheng Z. P., Gan X. W., et al. Jatrophalactam, a novel diterpenoid lactam isolated from Jatropha curcas. Org Lett,2009, 11(23):5522-4.
[64]Shiono Y., Kikuchi M., Koseki T., et al. Isopimarane diterpene glycosides, isolated from endophytic fungus Paraconiothyrium sp. MY-42. Phytochemistry (Elsevier),2011, 72(11-12):1400-5.
[65]Hong S. S., Lee S. A., Kim N., et al. Pyrrolidinone diterpenoid from Isodon excisus and inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21(4):1279-81.
[66]Lamoral-Theys D., Fattorusso E., Mangoni A., et al. Evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of diterpene isonitriles from the sponge Pseudoaxinella flava in apoptosis-sensitive and apoptosis-resistant cancer cell lines. J Nat Prod,2011, 74(10):2299-303.
[67]Wattanapiromsakul C., Chanthathamrongsiri N., Bussarawit S., et al. 8-Isocyanoamphilecta-11(20),15-diene, a new antimalarial isonitrile diterpene from the sponge Ciocalapata sp. Can JChem,2009,87(5):612-8.
[68]Aviles E., Rodriguez A. D. Monamphilectine A, a potent antimalarial β-lactam from marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp:Isolation, structure, semisynthesis, and bioactivity. Org Lett,2010,12(22):5290-3.