连铸过程计算机实时检测与控制系统的研究
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摘要
连铸自动化是在连铸过程中，按照工艺要求，借助于检测仪表和控制设备，在没有人工干预的情况下使连铸生产能自动进行。连铸过程本身是个十分复杂的生产过程，是个系统工程。为保证铸坯内外部质量和较高的拉坯速度，需要检控的参量有温度、拉坯速度、冷却水流量和铸坯与结晶器的摩擦力等。
本文针对实验室小型连铸机开发出了一套完整的连铸工艺参数计算机实时检测系统。实现了温度信号、流量信号、速度及电机载荷的检测；以及连铸过程中铸速、温度和流量的自动控制；分析了流量信号采集的难点，用软件建立虚拟计数器法实现了流量信号检测；分析了加热炉炉温热惯性对炉温控制的影响，建立了双位炉温控制模型；设计了反压式浇注系统；基于本实验条件建立了连铸铸速控制模型。
本系统是基于Windows系统平台，使系统便于操作；采用VB、VC编程，通过DLL库动态连接，动态内存管理及多线程等技术保证系统的运行速度满足实时采集的要求。软件系统以数据库保存采集数据，便于数据的管理和分析。
本系统现已在实验教学过程中运行，并通过了学校组织的鉴定。
Automatization of continuous casting is to guarantee continuous casting production automatism process with aid of measuring instruction and control equipment, under conditions of no manpower intervening and according to technics demand . Continuous casting is a very complex producing process and system engineering. In order to guarantee inside and outside quality of ingot and dragging speed, parameter supervising of temperature, dragging speed, cooling water flux and fiction force between ingot and cooling model is needed.
This paper develops technics parameter computer real-time measuring system. The system is used to measure temperature signal, flux signal, speed signal and motor load. It is also used to control cast speed, temperature and flux. Flux signal collection's difficulty is analyzed. The method of dummy count is created for measuring flux signal. The influence of stove's heat inertia to temperature control is analyzed. The model of two digit temperature control is established. Reverse pressing pour system is designed. The cast speed control model is created according to experiment condition.
This system bases on Windows operation system and is easy to be operated. It's program language is VB and VC. It's running speed is able to satisfy real-time collection demands through using DLL, dynamic memory management and multithreading technology. The software system adopts database to save collection data so that data management and analysis is convenient.
Now, the on-line system is working well in the experiment process, and it is stabile. The system has passed check and accept by school organization.
本文针对实验室小型连铸机开发出了一套完整的连铸工艺参数计算机实时检测系统。实现了温度信号、流量信号、速度及电机载荷的检测；以及连铸过程中铸速、温度和流量的自动控制；分析了流量信号采集的难点，用软件建立虚拟计数器法实现了流量信号检测；分析了加热炉炉温热惯性对炉温控制的影响，建立了双位炉温控制模型；设计了反压式浇注系统；基于本实验条件建立了连铸铸速控制模型。
本系统是基于Windows系统平台，使系统便于操作；采用VB、VC编程，通过DLL库动态连接，动态内存管理及多线程等技术保证系统的运行速度满足实时采集的要求。软件系统以数据库保存采集数据，便于数据的管理和分析。
本系统现已在实验教学过程中运行，并通过了学校组织的鉴定。
Automatization of continuous casting is to guarantee continuous casting production automatism process with aid of measuring instruction and control equipment, under conditions of no manpower intervening and according to technics demand . Continuous casting is a very complex producing process and system engineering. In order to guarantee inside and outside quality of ingot and dragging speed, parameter supervising of temperature, dragging speed, cooling water flux and fiction force between ingot and cooling model is needed.
This paper develops technics parameter computer real-time measuring system. The system is used to measure temperature signal, flux signal, speed signal and motor load. It is also used to control cast speed, temperature and flux. Flux signal collection's difficulty is analyzed. The method of dummy count is created for measuring flux signal. The influence of stove's heat inertia to temperature control is analyzed. The model of two digit temperature control is established. Reverse pressing pour system is designed. The cast speed control model is created according to experiment condition.
This system bases on Windows operation system and is easy to be operated. It's program language is VB and VC. It's running speed is able to satisfy real-time collection demands through using DLL, dynamic memory management and multithreading technology. The software system adopts database to save collection data so that data management and analysis is convenient.
Now, the on-line system is working well in the experiment process, and it is stabile. The system has passed check and accept by school organization.
引文
1．周尧和，胡壮麒，介万奇，《凝固技术》，机械出版社，1998．
2．干勇，仇圣桃，萧泽强，《连铸铸钢过程数学物理模拟》，冶金工业出版社，2001．
3．张小平，梁爱生，《近终形连铸技术》，冶金工业出版社，2000．
4. J.Savage, W.H.Pritchard, The Problem of Rupture of the Billet in the Continuous Casting of Steel, J.Iron and Steel Institue, 1954, 178, (11), 269-277.
5. J.K.Brimacombe, Empowerment with Knowledge--Toward the Intelligent Mould for the Continuous Casting of Steel Billets, 1993, Steelmaking Conf. Proc., 3-27. Also see Iron and Steelmaker, 1993, 20, (11), 35-47.
6．倪满森，我国连续铸钢技术的发展与进步，钢铁，1987，22，(12)，57-62．
7．陈家祥，《连铸铸钢手册》，冶金工业出版社，1990
8．卢盛意，《连铸坯质量》，冶金工业出版社，2000
9．马明建，周长城，《数据采集及处理技术》，西安交通大学出版社，1997
10．崔志尚，《温度计量与测试》，中国计量出版社，1997
11．黄立培，张学，《变频器应用技术及电动机调速》，人民邮电出版社，1998
12．吴忠智，黄力培，吴加林，《调速用变频器几配套设备选用指南》，机械工业出版社，2000
13．调速用变频器几配套设备选用指南
14．杨明，杨世斌，变频器控制回路的干扰措施，自动化技术与应用，2001．4 53-54
15．王致清，《高等教育出版社》，流体力学基础，1985
16．刘钢，郑子文，付永红等，Windows环境下测控软件中端口读写的快速实现，测控技术，2000．3，36-37
17．周世军，梅志光，袁修干，热工通用多通道微机数据采集和自动控制系统，测控技术，2000．7，33-35
18．David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo, 《VisualC++6技术内幕》，北京希望电子出版社，1999．5
19．刘恩涛，赵耀峰，《VB6编程技巧与实例分析》，中国水利水电出版社，1999
20．胡汗才，《单片机原理及其接口技术》，清华大学出版社，1996
21．董超，《连铸结晶器在线检测》，大连理工大学硕士论文，2000
22．温斌，《连铸坏中缺陷形成的数值计算及直浇道电磁搅拌对铸坯凝固影响的研究》，大连理工大学研究生学位论文，2001
23．王浦江，《小方坯连铸》，北京钢铁设计研究总院，1998
24．路得儿著，堂刚译：铸件的凝固，冶金工业出版社，1963
25．李庆春，铸件形成理论，机械工业出版社，1982
26．蔡开科：连续铸钢，科学出版社，1990
27．PCL818L用户手册，台湾，研华公司
28．PCL727用户手册，台湾，研华公司
29．PCLD-789D用户手册，台湾，研华公司
2．干勇，仇圣桃，萧泽强，《连铸铸钢过程数学物理模拟》，冶金工业出版社，2001．
3．张小平，梁爱生，《近终形连铸技术》，冶金工业出版社，2000．
4. J.Savage, W.H.Pritchard, The Problem of Rupture of the Billet in the Continuous Casting of Steel, J.Iron and Steel Institue, 1954, 178, (11), 269-277.
5. J.K.Brimacombe, Empowerment with Knowledge--Toward the Intelligent Mould for the Continuous Casting of Steel Billets, 1993, Steelmaking Conf. Proc., 3-27. Also see Iron and Steelmaker, 1993, 20, (11), 35-47.
6．倪满森，我国连续铸钢技术的发展与进步，钢铁，1987，22，(12)，57-62．
7．陈家祥，《连铸铸钢手册》，冶金工业出版社，1990
8．卢盛意，《连铸坯质量》，冶金工业出版社，2000
9．马明建，周长城，《数据采集及处理技术》，西安交通大学出版社，1997
10．崔志尚，《温度计量与测试》，中国计量出版社，1997
11．黄立培，张学，《变频器应用技术及电动机调速》，人民邮电出版社，1998
12．吴忠智，黄力培，吴加林，《调速用变频器几配套设备选用指南》，机械工业出版社，2000
13．调速用变频器几配套设备选用指南
14．杨明，杨世斌，变频器控制回路的干扰措施，自动化技术与应用，2001．4 53-54
15．王致清，《高等教育出版社》，流体力学基础，1985
16．刘钢，郑子文，付永红等，Windows环境下测控软件中端口读写的快速实现，测控技术，2000．3，36-37
17．周世军，梅志光，袁修干，热工通用多通道微机数据采集和自动控制系统，测控技术，2000．7，33-35
18．David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo, 《VisualC++6技术内幕》，北京希望电子出版社，1999．5
19．刘恩涛，赵耀峰，《VB6编程技巧与实例分析》，中国水利水电出版社，1999
20．胡汗才，《单片机原理及其接口技术》，清华大学出版社，1996
21．董超，《连铸结晶器在线检测》，大连理工大学硕士论文，2000
22．温斌，《连铸坏中缺陷形成的数值计算及直浇道电磁搅拌对铸坯凝固影响的研究》，大连理工大学研究生学位论文，2001
23．王浦江，《小方坯连铸》，北京钢铁设计研究总院，1998
24．路得儿著，堂刚译：铸件的凝固，冶金工业出版社，1963
25．李庆春，铸件形成理论，机械工业出版社，1982
26．蔡开科：连续铸钢，科学出版社，1990
27．PCL818L用户手册，台湾，研华公司
28．PCL727用户手册，台湾，研华公司
29．PCLD-789D用户手册，台湾，研华公司