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成品油流通企业经营模式与营销策略探讨
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摘要
成品油行业是关系到国民经济持续稳定发展的至关重要的行业,我国遵照WTO协议,入世后三年对国际石油公司开放零售、五年开放批发业务,成品油市场一场激烈的国际竞争即将拉开帷幕。在短暂的蓄势待发时期,作为我国成品油行业龙头企业的中国石油天然气集团公司与中国石油化工集团公司,在国家整顿成品油流通秩序政策支持下,正紧锣密鼓地部署渗透战略,抓紧时间抢占市场,着手经营方式改革,以增强竞争实力,与国外强势石油公司抗衡。在此情况下,如何借鉴国外成功经验,建立适合成品油流通企业实情的经营模式,正是本文主要研究目的之所在。同时,从中石油销售企业的实际情况出发,有针对性地制定公司营销策略,对提升企业核心竞争力和抗风险能力具有极其重要的意义。
    本文在分析了目前国内成品油流通领域竞争者——中石化、中石油、社会经营单位、外资经营单位各自的实力和竞争态势基础上,从业务区域为区外市场滇、黔、桂三省区的中石油三立销售公司基本经营情况入手,以现代营销理论为基础,运用SWOT法进行剖析研究,并结合对欧美成品油经营现状和先进经验的分析,提出了采用连锁方式建立三立公司新的经营模式,进而对三立公司实施连锁经营的可行性、组织结构的设置、成品油配送制的建立、人员培训等方面进行了探讨。在优化后的经营模式基础上,本文还从三立公司实际情况出发,提出了以增强零售终端竞争力为核心的“与目标客户建立合作伙伴关系”、“加油站顾客满意经营策略”、“便利店与加油站相结合”等营销策略。
    目前国内成品油流通企业在不同程度上存在着组织化程度不高、管理手段落后、内部管理不严密、科技含量低、流通费用高等弊端。而连锁经营的实质就是把现代大企业、大生产的组织原则应用到流通领域,对经营活动实施专业化、标准化和信息化管理,从而达到降低
    
    流通费用、提高规模经济效益的目的。这种经营方式的创新,对提高成品油销售企业的核心竞争力有着极其重要的作用。成品油销售企业实施连锁经营和建立配送制后,将在组织一体化的基础上,进一步实现经营管理过程中的信息流、物流、资金流的一体化,在销售网络构建、资源调配、油品进销存、管理系统等各方面都得到优化。这就是本文观点的核心所在。
    本文的贡献主要在于采用理论结合实际的研究方法,在对市场竞争者——中石油与中石化成品油销售企业分别进行调研后、获取大量真实资料的基础上,运用现代营销理论,结合国外成功经验进行了企业经营模式和营销策略的探讨,为成品油流通企业经营方式改革提供了一种思路,具有一定参考价值。
    随着国内成品油市场的逐步开放,国际化竞争的日益加剧,本课题所涉及的成品油流通领域问题探讨必将成为众多专家关注的焦点。
The finished oil industry is the essential industry that concerns sustainable and stable development of national economy. Following WTO agreement, we must open our retail market to the international oil company within 3 years and open the wholesales market within 5 years after entering the WTO. Fierce international competition in the market of finished oil will occur soon. In the transient period of preparation, CNPC and SINOPEC, as the leading enterprises in the finished oil trade of our country, are making the best use of time to seize the market, set about the management style reform, in order to strengthen the competition strength to contend with the surging oil companies of foreign countries. In case of this, how to use foreign successful experience as reference to set up a suit management mode of enterprises in circulation of finished oil, is exactly the main research purpose of this thesis. Besides, setting out from actual conditions of the finished oil enterprise and making company's marketing tactics pointedly, have extremely important meanings in promoting enterprise's key competitiveness and ability to resist risks.
    This thesis has analyzed their own strengths and competitive situations of all competitors in the market of the domestic finished oil at present - CNPC,SINOPEC, social operating units, operating units of foreign capitals. Then,a new chain management model is pointed out to develop Sanli sales company of CNPC,whose market are Yunnan, Guizhou Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The chain model is based on modern marketing theory. It is also put forward by using the method of SWOT to analyze the reality of Sanli company,and combining to the advanced experience of the American-European finished oil industry. Furthermore, this thesis has discussed the feasibility of Sanli company actualizing chain management model, the establishment
    
    of organization structure, the implement of allocation and delivery system and the staff training, etc. On the basis of optimized management mode and according to Sanli company's actual conditions, this thesis has proposed the marketing strategies of "to establish the cooperation and partnership relation with the target customer", "customers satisfied with the service of gas station", "the convenience store combined with the gas station " and so on to strengthen the competitive core strength of the end of retail.
    Some abuses, such as the systematic degree is too low, means of management is behind the times, the science and technology of equipment is too low, the cost of circulating is too high, etc, are baffling the development of the finished oil sales enterprises at the present.
    And the essence of chain operation is to apply the organizational principle of modern great enterprises and production to the circulating field. By actualizing the management of specialization, standardization, and information management, the enterprise can lower down the costs of circulating and enhance the scale economic benefits.
    The innovation of management style has extremely important function for finished oil sales enterprises to improve their key competitiveness. After implementing chain operation model and setting up allocating and delivery system, on the basis of organizing integrity, the finished oil sales enterprise will further achieve the integration of the information flow, the material flow and the fund flow. So that the enterprises can realize the optimization in the aspects of sales nets, resource allocation, the buying, selling and saving oil products, and the administrative system, etc. This is the core view of this thesis.
    The research approach adopted in this thesis is the approach of theory combining with the reality. Through the investigation of the main market competitors-CNPC and SINOPEC' oil sales enterprises, I obtained a large number of true basic materials. These materials and the
    
    modern marketing theory are the basis of discussion enterprises' chain mode and marketing strategies.
    With the opening gradually of domesti
引文
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