含瓦斯煤体振动增透技术试验研究
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摘要
我国煤层气储量大、煤层气储层渗透率低、煤层气开采利用程度很小、矿井瓦斯灾害事故频发。利用地球物理探测方法不能直接找出突出煤层中瓦斯富集区,但是可以利用地球物理探测方法找出相关的地质构造,从而推断瓦斯富集区的位置。然而物探方法只能找出瓦斯的可能富集区,不能应用于瓦斯抽采工艺。
因此提高含瓦斯煤体渗透性、研究更加完善的煤层气开采理论和提高低渗透煤层煤层气产量的措施,对我国煤层气开采及煤矿安全生产都有重要的现实意义。
本文通过高频振动场影响瓦斯渗流和解吸特性的原理,设计了一种用于对有限体积含瓦斯煤体进行高频振动、促进瓦斯解吸并改变煤体渗透率的瓦斯抽采振动系统。该振动系统以高频振动电机为核心,由激振系统、循环水流降温系统、能量传递系统、吸附解吸测试系统、加压系统、气体供给系统及数据采集系统等多个系统组成。
本文主要介绍振动增透系统对含瓦斯煤体渗透性、瓦斯解吸量的影响。模拟了煤岩样品的压实、煤层瓦斯气运移、煤与瓦斯突出以及不同振动条件下的煤的渗透性变化、微观结构变化,并探讨不同频率、振幅、振动时间等条件下瓦斯的解吸特征。
本文研究了振动场作用下煤体中瓦斯的吸附解吸过程以及煤体的渗透性变化,并对实验过程中伴随的煤岩总压力、瓦斯压力、瓦斯解吸速度、煤体温度及振动参数等参数进行了数据采集和分析。研究结果表明：在煤体瓦斯自由解吸过程中,煤岩总压力和瓦斯压力随时间近似按照负指数规律减小,瓦斯解吸速度随时间按照对数规律减小,但在解吸初期解吸速率存在一个升高过程；煤体瓦斯在放散过程中对深部高应力区的卸载作用或应力释放效应明显强于低应力区；高频振源装置产生的动力激波效应,使煤体内能增加、瓦斯分子动能增加,有利于瓦斯的解吸和运移；声波在传播过程中有部分能量转化为热能,使游离瓦斯体积膨胀,并使煤体中的吸附瓦斯解吸,从而增加了煤体内部的瓦斯压力,促进了瓦斯向煤体外的空间运移。
此外,实验结果还表明在高频振动场作用下,瓦斯解吸量显著增加,渗透率也明显增大,能够实现对含瓦斯煤体振动增透解吸的目标。随着注气压力的增大,渗透率K是下降的,而且振动后K的这种下降趋势更明显。瓦斯自由解吸阶段,解吸量与时间曲线的斜率是逐渐降低的,并逐渐趋于一个稳定值。每个振动解析过程中,解吸速率是快速降低的,但在解吸初始阶段存在一个明显的先升高后缓慢降低的过程。同样在振动促进瓦斯解吸的实验中也发现解吸速率存在这一规律。
图41表9参60
The coal gas reserves of China is large, the permeability of coal gas reservoir is low, the exploitation and using level of coal gas is in a small degree, and the coal gas disasters and accidents could be seen frequently. We can't directly find out the coal gas rich region in the outburst coal seam with geophysical exploration methods, but we can find out the related Geological structure with geophysical exploration methods,and thus find out the position of the coal gas rich region. Yet,we could only find out the coal gas rich region which has a high gas content with geophysical exploration methods. These geophysical exploration methods can't be used in gas extraction process.
So, we should improve the permeability of coal seam, study on the theory of finding a more effective coal gas exploration method and find out measures to improve the methane production of low permeability coal bed.It has very important practical significance in improving coal gas exploration and coal mine safety in production.
With the principle that high frequency vibration field could influence the characteristics of gas seepage and desorption,the author designed a vibration system that could supply high frequency vibration field and improve the quantity of gas desorption and change the permeability of coal mass. This vibration system make the high frequency vibration motor as the core, and it consists of the excitation system, circulation water cooling system, energy transfer system, absorption and desorption test system, compression system, gas supply system, data acquisition system, etc.
This paper mainly introduce the influence of the vibration system to the permeability and of coal mass and the quantity of gas desorption. It has simulated the compaction of coal samples, the migration of coalbed gas, coal and gas outburst and the changes of permeability and microcosmic structure in different vibration condition.we have disscussed the gas desorption characteristics in the condition of different frequency, amplitude and vibration time.
This paper researched the coal gas adsorption and desorption process and the changes of permeability in the vibration field.A set of large-scale simulation system is developed to simulate the action of gas adsorption and desorption under the vibration field. The corresponding total pressure, gas pressure, the effective stress, gas emission speed, coal temperature, times consumed, and vibration parameters were recorded and analyzed. Experimental results show that:In the process of gas desorption, total stress and gas pressure decreases with time in accordance with the law of exponent, gas emission speed decreases with time according to the logarithmic law. In the process of coal gas relief, the unloading effect or stress releasing effect in the high stress area are stronger than that in low stress area,and there is a rising in desorption speed in the initial desorption process. High frequency waves produced dynamic effect to increases coal mass and coal gas molecular energy and promotes gas desorption and migration. In the process of sound propagation, part of the energy converted into heat. The free gas volume swelled and coal gas pressure increased, and gas desorption and migration is promoted.
Besides,experimental result also shows that under the action of high-frequency vibration field,a significant increase in the amount of methane desorption has been seen and the permeability has also increased significantly.The goal of increasing the permeability and desorption quantity could be achieved by the vibration to the gas-containing coal. With the increase of gas injection pressure, the permeability K is dropping, and the downtrend of K is more obvious after the vibration.In the process of gas free desorption, the slope of the curve to the gas free desorption quantity and time reduces gradually, and gradually tends to be a stable value.In each vibration desorption process, the desorption speed reduces quickly, but there is an obvious process that the free desorption speed firstly increase and then reduce in the initial desorption stage.Also we could find the same phenomenon of desorption speed in the experiments of vibration promoting gas desorption.
Figure 41 table 9 reference 60
因此提高含瓦斯煤体渗透性、研究更加完善的煤层气开采理论和提高低渗透煤层煤层气产量的措施,对我国煤层气开采及煤矿安全生产都有重要的现实意义。
本文通过高频振动场影响瓦斯渗流和解吸特性的原理,设计了一种用于对有限体积含瓦斯煤体进行高频振动、促进瓦斯解吸并改变煤体渗透率的瓦斯抽采振动系统。该振动系统以高频振动电机为核心,由激振系统、循环水流降温系统、能量传递系统、吸附解吸测试系统、加压系统、气体供给系统及数据采集系统等多个系统组成。
本文主要介绍振动增透系统对含瓦斯煤体渗透性、瓦斯解吸量的影响。模拟了煤岩样品的压实、煤层瓦斯气运移、煤与瓦斯突出以及不同振动条件下的煤的渗透性变化、微观结构变化,并探讨不同频率、振幅、振动时间等条件下瓦斯的解吸特征。
本文研究了振动场作用下煤体中瓦斯的吸附解吸过程以及煤体的渗透性变化,并对实验过程中伴随的煤岩总压力、瓦斯压力、瓦斯解吸速度、煤体温度及振动参数等参数进行了数据采集和分析。研究结果表明：在煤体瓦斯自由解吸过程中,煤岩总压力和瓦斯压力随时间近似按照负指数规律减小,瓦斯解吸速度随时间按照对数规律减小,但在解吸初期解吸速率存在一个升高过程；煤体瓦斯在放散过程中对深部高应力区的卸载作用或应力释放效应明显强于低应力区；高频振源装置产生的动力激波效应,使煤体内能增加、瓦斯分子动能增加,有利于瓦斯的解吸和运移；声波在传播过程中有部分能量转化为热能,使游离瓦斯体积膨胀,并使煤体中的吸附瓦斯解吸,从而增加了煤体内部的瓦斯压力,促进了瓦斯向煤体外的空间运移。
此外,实验结果还表明在高频振动场作用下,瓦斯解吸量显著增加,渗透率也明显增大,能够实现对含瓦斯煤体振动增透解吸的目标。随着注气压力的增大,渗透率K是下降的,而且振动后K的这种下降趋势更明显。瓦斯自由解吸阶段,解吸量与时间曲线的斜率是逐渐降低的,并逐渐趋于一个稳定值。每个振动解析过程中,解吸速率是快速降低的,但在解吸初始阶段存在一个明显的先升高后缓慢降低的过程。同样在振动促进瓦斯解吸的实验中也发现解吸速率存在这一规律。
图41表9参60
The coal gas reserves of China is large, the permeability of coal gas reservoir is low, the exploitation and using level of coal gas is in a small degree, and the coal gas disasters and accidents could be seen frequently. We can't directly find out the coal gas rich region in the outburst coal seam with geophysical exploration methods, but we can find out the related Geological structure with geophysical exploration methods,and thus find out the position of the coal gas rich region. Yet,we could only find out the coal gas rich region which has a high gas content with geophysical exploration methods. These geophysical exploration methods can't be used in gas extraction process.
So, we should improve the permeability of coal seam, study on the theory of finding a more effective coal gas exploration method and find out measures to improve the methane production of low permeability coal bed.It has very important practical significance in improving coal gas exploration and coal mine safety in production.
With the principle that high frequency vibration field could influence the characteristics of gas seepage and desorption,the author designed a vibration system that could supply high frequency vibration field and improve the quantity of gas desorption and change the permeability of coal mass. This vibration system make the high frequency vibration motor as the core, and it consists of the excitation system, circulation water cooling system, energy transfer system, absorption and desorption test system, compression system, gas supply system, data acquisition system, etc.
This paper mainly introduce the influence of the vibration system to the permeability and of coal mass and the quantity of gas desorption. It has simulated the compaction of coal samples, the migration of coalbed gas, coal and gas outburst and the changes of permeability and microcosmic structure in different vibration condition.we have disscussed the gas desorption characteristics in the condition of different frequency, amplitude and vibration time.
This paper researched the coal gas adsorption and desorption process and the changes of permeability in the vibration field.A set of large-scale simulation system is developed to simulate the action of gas adsorption and desorption under the vibration field. The corresponding total pressure, gas pressure, the effective stress, gas emission speed, coal temperature, times consumed, and vibration parameters were recorded and analyzed. Experimental results show that:In the process of gas desorption, total stress and gas pressure decreases with time in accordance with the law of exponent, gas emission speed decreases with time according to the logarithmic law. In the process of coal gas relief, the unloading effect or stress releasing effect in the high stress area are stronger than that in low stress area,and there is a rising in desorption speed in the initial desorption process. High frequency waves produced dynamic effect to increases coal mass and coal gas molecular energy and promotes gas desorption and migration. In the process of sound propagation, part of the energy converted into heat. The free gas volume swelled and coal gas pressure increased, and gas desorption and migration is promoted.
Besides,experimental result also shows that under the action of high-frequency vibration field,a significant increase in the amount of methane desorption has been seen and the permeability has also increased significantly.The goal of increasing the permeability and desorption quantity could be achieved by the vibration to the gas-containing coal. With the increase of gas injection pressure, the permeability K is dropping, and the downtrend of K is more obvious after the vibration.In the process of gas free desorption, the slope of the curve to the gas free desorption quantity and time reduces gradually, and gradually tends to be a stable value.In each vibration desorption process, the desorption speed reduces quickly, but there is an obvious process that the free desorption speed firstly increase and then reduce in the initial desorption stage.Also we could find the same phenomenon of desorption speed in the experiments of vibration promoting gas desorption.
Figure 41 table 9 reference 60
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