高潜水位平原区采煤塌陷地复垦土壤特征与分类研究
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摘要
随着工业的发展,人为作用对土壤的影响越来越深刻,与矿区相关的土壤问题正变得日益突出,复垦土壤因人为扰动和成土时间短,土壤剖面构型、土壤理化性质都发生了巨大的变化。以高潜水位平原区采煤塌陷地复垦土壤为研究对象,通过样点设计、野外调查、实地观测和室内分析测定,从诊断分类的角度系统研究了不同的复垦工艺、复垦时间的土壤剖面各层次的形态特征、理化特征、环境质量特征及其分布规律,分析讨论复垦土壤的成土作用和成土过程,提出成土公式及成土模式特点；根据现有中国土壤系统分类确定土壤高级分类的诊断层和诊断特性,对高潜水位平原区采煤塌陷地复垦土壤进行系统分类检索,同时进行国际土壤分类参比；并探索扩展现有中国土壤系统分类方案,尝试建立适于复垦土壤分类的检索系统；推测分析具体高潜水位平原矿区采煤塌陷地复垦土壤演替,提出复垦土壤管理建议。研究结果对拓展土壤学研究范畴,满足矿区复垦过程中对土壤科学的需求,矿区土壤修复以及土壤资源的可持续利用等具有重要的意义。
The human effects influence on soil becoming profound and the mining area soil problems becoming prominent increasingly with the development of industry. Reclamated soil profile configuration, physical and chemical properties are changed greatly due to human disturbance and formation of soil in a short time. The dissertation takes the reclamated soil in coal-mining subsidence areas with high groundwater as the research object, guided by the principle of the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd edition), it conducts the sample point design, field investigation, observation on the spot and lab analysis of the soil characteristics. The soil profile morphology, physical and chemical properties, environment quality characteristic and distribution rule of different reclamation technology and reclamation time were systematic analysis. The research discusses the reclamated soil development formula and formation mode on the analysis of soil formation function and formation process. The diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics of reclamated soil were confirmed and used to classify them in the soil classification retrieval system, the international soil classification reference were studied simultaneously for facilitate international communication. The thesis attempt to establish suitable for reclamated soil classification retrieval system for expand the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd edition). Finally, specific soil succession was deduced and some management suggestions were propounded to realize the sustainable use of reclamated soil. The research results might have important significance in extension soil science category, meeting the demand for soil science during reclamation process, soil remediation and sustainable use, etc.
The human effects influence on soil becoming profound and the mining area soil problems becoming prominent increasingly with the development of industry. Reclamated soil profile configuration, physical and chemical properties are changed greatly due to human disturbance and formation of soil in a short time. The dissertation takes the reclamated soil in coal-mining subsidence areas with high groundwater as the research object, guided by the principle of the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd edition), it conducts the sample point design, field investigation, observation on the spot and lab analysis of the soil characteristics. The soil profile morphology, physical and chemical properties, environment quality characteristic and distribution rule of different reclamation technology and reclamation time were systematic analysis. The research discusses the reclamated soil development formula and formation mode on the analysis of soil formation function and formation process. The diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics of reclamated soil were confirmed and used to classify them in the soil classification retrieval system, the international soil classification reference were studied simultaneously for facilitate international communication. The thesis attempt to establish suitable for reclamated soil classification retrieval system for expand the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd edition). Finally, specific soil succession was deduced and some management suggestions were propounded to realize the sustainable use of reclamated soil. The research results might have important significance in extension soil science category, meeting the demand for soil science during reclamation process, soil remediation and sustainable use, etc.
引文
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