军用光学仪器在激光照射下的反射光研究
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摘要
本文研究用激光主动扫描法侦察远方(隐蔽的)观察、瞄准仪器和飞航导弹来袭方位的基本原理及实验技术。
以红外物镜、电视导引头光学系统、红外点源导引头光学系统为例,运用矩阵光学追迹法对影响“猫眼效应”及焦平面以外回波的强度、光斑形状、覆盖区域等因素作定性、定量分析。研究结果表明:回波强度受光学仪器内部反射面倾斜和离焦及光学镜头相对孔径的影响较大,扫描光束的入射角和物镜相对孔径等因素对回波强度也有一定影响。由于这些影响因素,“猫眼效应”用于主动式激光侦察的适用条件变得较为苛刻。
此外,本文还在实验室近距离和野外环境条件下,对自制透镜组、水准仪、加农炮瞄准镜进行了反射光和“猫眼效应”的实验验证。实验结果表明:理论计算结果与观察到的实验现象基本相符。
The principle and experimental technique of hiding optical instruments detection based on "Cat's eye" effect are described in this paper. The factors that influence the intensity of the reflection wave were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively with the method of ray tracing. Research results show that the incline and defocusing of reflection plane in optical instrument (such as telescope and camera) reduce the intensity of the "Cat's eye" reflection., The conditions of "Cat's eye" effect used for detection are very difficulty because of these affect factors.In addition, this paper reported the phenomenon of reflection wave and "Cat's eye" effect experiments with level and aiming telescope. The experiment' results show that the results of theoretical calculation are agree with fact basically.
以红外物镜、电视导引头光学系统、红外点源导引头光学系统为例,运用矩阵光学追迹法对影响“猫眼效应”及焦平面以外回波的强度、光斑形状、覆盖区域等因素作定性、定量分析。研究结果表明:回波强度受光学仪器内部反射面倾斜和离焦及光学镜头相对孔径的影响较大,扫描光束的入射角和物镜相对孔径等因素对回波强度也有一定影响。由于这些影响因素,“猫眼效应”用于主动式激光侦察的适用条件变得较为苛刻。
此外,本文还在实验室近距离和野外环境条件下,对自制透镜组、水准仪、加农炮瞄准镜进行了反射光和“猫眼效应”的实验验证。实验结果表明:理论计算结果与观察到的实验现象基本相符。
The principle and experimental technique of hiding optical instruments detection based on "Cat's eye" effect are described in this paper. The factors that influence the intensity of the reflection wave were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively with the method of ray tracing. Research results show that the incline and defocusing of reflection plane in optical instrument (such as telescope and camera) reduce the intensity of the "Cat's eye" reflection., The conditions of "Cat's eye" effect used for detection are very difficulty because of these affect factors.In addition, this paper reported the phenomenon of reflection wave and "Cat's eye" effect experiments with level and aiming telescope. The experiment' results show that the results of theoretical calculation are agree with fact basically.
引文
[1] 赵勋杰,高稚允,张英远.基于“猫眼”效应的激光侦察技术及其在军事上的应用,光学技术,2003,29(4):415～417
[2] 赵勋杰,激光主动侦察技术,光电对抗与无源干扰,1998,2:1～4
[3] 袁永华,刘颂豪,孙承纬等,红外系统对入射激光的回射特性研究,应用激光,2003,23(1):33～36
[4] 杨虎,谢德林,光电对抗应用技术分析.光电工程,1998,25:62—65.
[5] 李忠建,曹卫公,胡文华等,一种探测光学窗口的激光测距机.激光与红外,2001,31(1):22～24
[6] 魏光辉,杨培根.激光技术在兵器工业中的应用,北京:兵器工业出版社,1995.
[7] 马浩州,激光主动侦察技术的原理研究,光电技术,2003,3:13～15
[8] J. M. Lloyd:《Thermal Imaging Systems》, Plenum, 1975.
[8] 张幼文,红外光学工程,上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1982:192～194
[10] 竺庆春,陈时胜.矩阵光学导论,上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1991:31～67
[11] 福建光学技术研究所编译,光学镜头手册,第一册,第一版,北京:国防工业出版社,1980:34
[12] 张万清,飞航导弹电视导引头,北京:宇航出版社,1994.8:259
[13] 钟任华,飞航导弹红外导引头,北京:宇航出版社,1995.9:63
[14] 《水准仪》编写组.水准仪,北京:机械工业出版社,1979.1
[2] 赵勋杰,激光主动侦察技术,光电对抗与无源干扰,1998,2:1～4
[3] 袁永华,刘颂豪,孙承纬等,红外系统对入射激光的回射特性研究,应用激光,2003,23(1):33～36
[4] 杨虎,谢德林,光电对抗应用技术分析.光电工程,1998,25:62—65.
[5] 李忠建,曹卫公,胡文华等,一种探测光学窗口的激光测距机.激光与红外,2001,31(1):22～24
[6] 魏光辉,杨培根.激光技术在兵器工业中的应用,北京:兵器工业出版社,1995.
[7] 马浩州,激光主动侦察技术的原理研究,光电技术,2003,3:13～15
[8] J. M. Lloyd:《Thermal Imaging Systems》, Plenum, 1975.
[8] 张幼文,红外光学工程,上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1982:192～194
[10] 竺庆春,陈时胜.矩阵光学导论,上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1991:31～67
[11] 福建光学技术研究所编译,光学镜头手册,第一册,第一版,北京:国防工业出版社,1980:34
[12] 张万清,飞航导弹电视导引头,北京:宇航出版社,1994.8:259
[13] 钟任华,飞航导弹红外导引头,北京:宇航出版社,1995.9:63
[14] 《水准仪》编写组.水准仪,北京:机械工业出版社,1979.1