亚麻在汽车内饰材料上的应用
摘要
随着人们对绿色和自然的向往，天然纤维作为汽车内饰材料已越来越受到人们的青睐。亚麻纤维具有吸湿、散热快，导热性好，不易积聚静电，抗菌抑臭等特点，此外，亚麻纤维还具有较好的阻燃和驱螨性能，因此是理想的高档汽车内饰原材料。
但由于亚麻纤维的结晶度、取向度高，且结构紧密，存在着可染性和染色牢度差等缺点。本实验根据汽车内饰对纺织品染色牢度的特殊要求，对染料进行筛选，最终采用活性染料和还原染料上染亚麻织物，通过染色工艺优化以期达到理想的染色效果。
本文对亚麻纤维的形态结构和物理机械性能进行了探讨，重点对活性染料和还原染料上染亚麻织物的染色工艺进行了研究探讨，并对试制的亚麻面料的服用性能与其他同类织物进行了测试对比，结果表明亚麻织物具有良好的强伸性能、透气性、透湿性、芯吸效应和阻燃性。
此外实验还测试了亚麻纤维的抑菌性和驱螨效果，实验结果显示亚麻纤维面料本身就具有良好的抗菌与驱螨效果。
所以亚麻纤维面料在汽车内饰材料上的应用前景非常广阔，加强其面料开发和性能的研究，将具有显著的社会效益和经济效益。
With green and natural yearning, natural fibers as automotive interior materials has been more and more popular. Flax fiber has many features, such as fast hygroscopicity, fast heat dissipation, good thermal conductivity, not easy to accumulate static electricity, anti-bacterial and suppression smelly. Furthermore, flame retardant, antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect of linen fiber is very good. Therefore, the linen is ideal for high-grade automotive interior materials.
However, due to the high degree of crystallinity and orientation, and structure of the flax fiber, There are shortcomings of dyeability poor and poor color fastness. The experiment was based on the special requirements of the automotive interior on the color fastness,the dye were screened, Final choose reactive dyes and vat dyes, optimize dyeing process in order to achieve the desired effect.
The article investigates the morphology and mechanical properties of linen fiber, focus studied on the dyeing process of reactive dyes and vat dyes on linen fabric, wearability on the trial of linen fabric and other similar fabric were tested and compared, The results show that the linen fabric has a good tensile properties, air permeability, water vapor permeability, wicking effect and flame retardant.
In addition, the antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect of the flax fiber were tested. The experiment results showed that flax fiber fabric has better antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect.
So the linen fiber fabric in the automotive interior materials has a very broad range of applications, Strengthen its study on fabric development and performance will have significant social and economic benefits.
但由于亚麻纤维的结晶度、取向度高，且结构紧密，存在着可染性和染色牢度差等缺点。本实验根据汽车内饰对纺织品染色牢度的特殊要求，对染料进行筛选，最终采用活性染料和还原染料上染亚麻织物，通过染色工艺优化以期达到理想的染色效果。
本文对亚麻纤维的形态结构和物理机械性能进行了探讨，重点对活性染料和还原染料上染亚麻织物的染色工艺进行了研究探讨，并对试制的亚麻面料的服用性能与其他同类织物进行了测试对比，结果表明亚麻织物具有良好的强伸性能、透气性、透湿性、芯吸效应和阻燃性。
此外实验还测试了亚麻纤维的抑菌性和驱螨效果，实验结果显示亚麻纤维面料本身就具有良好的抗菌与驱螨效果。
所以亚麻纤维面料在汽车内饰材料上的应用前景非常广阔，加强其面料开发和性能的研究，将具有显著的社会效益和经济效益。
With green and natural yearning, natural fibers as automotive interior materials has been more and more popular. Flax fiber has many features, such as fast hygroscopicity, fast heat dissipation, good thermal conductivity, not easy to accumulate static electricity, anti-bacterial and suppression smelly. Furthermore, flame retardant, antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect of linen fiber is very good. Therefore, the linen is ideal for high-grade automotive interior materials.
However, due to the high degree of crystallinity and orientation, and structure of the flax fiber, There are shortcomings of dyeability poor and poor color fastness. The experiment was based on the special requirements of the automotive interior on the color fastness,the dye were screened, Final choose reactive dyes and vat dyes, optimize dyeing process in order to achieve the desired effect.
The article investigates the morphology and mechanical properties of linen fiber, focus studied on the dyeing process of reactive dyes and vat dyes on linen fabric, wearability on the trial of linen fabric and other similar fabric were tested and compared, The results show that the linen fabric has a good tensile properties, air permeability, water vapor permeability, wicking effect and flame retardant.
In addition, the antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect of the flax fiber were tested. The experiment results showed that flax fiber fabric has better antimicrobial activity and displacement mite effect.
So the linen fiber fabric in the automotive interior materials has a very broad range of applications, Strengthen its study on fabric development and performance will have significant social and economic benefits.
引文
[1]刘丽,毛雷.浅谈汽车用纺织材料的选择及其依据[J].山东纺织经济,2009,(4):108-110.
[2]http://www.baiinfo.com/article/default/627/7883488.html
[3]聂建斌.汽车内饰面料的市场与开发[J].毛纺科技,2003,(6):50-54.
[4]向阳.非织造汽车内饰材料发展前景[J].中国纺织,2006,(21):202.
[5]郑志方.汽车内饰纺织面料发展趋势和我们的策略[J].产业用纺织品,2000,(2):1-5.
[6]甘应进,刘辉.汽车内饰纺织品市场状况与发展趋势[J].河北纺织,2008,(3）:73-76.
[7]李艳梅.汽车用纺织品检验标准评述[J].上海纺织科技,2006,(2):61-63.
[8]冯岑.汽车座椅用纺织品的性能要求[J].四川丝绸,2006,(4):25-26.
[9]吴岚.车用内饰面料性能与测试方法[J].产业用纺织品,2006,(1):30-32.
[10]曲丽君.麻纤维在汽车用装饰材料中的应用[J].产业用纺织品,2002,3(8):36-38.
[11]上海市纺织科学研究院.纺织史话[M].(第一版).上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979:33-38.
[12]孙进昌,彭源德.麻类作物的用途及发展前景[J].农产品加工·学刊,2010,(3):66-68.
[13]非织造材料在汽车内饰中的应用
[14]甘应进,刘辉.汽车内饰纺织品的市场状况与发展趋势[J].汽车工艺与材料,2003,(5):36-38.
[15]朱平,隋淑英,安平林.我国纺织品阻燃整理技术的现状及发展趋势[J].山东纺织科技,1997,(1):41-45.
[16]前田裕本.用作汽车部件的聚乳酸纤维.織維学会誌(JPN),2004,60,(5):A8.
[17]松村一也.气囊用布.織維学会誌(JPN),2004,60,(6):143-145.
[18]范慧俐,陈天舒,梁凯.阻燃聚丙烯的研制[J].化学工程师,1997,(5):6-7.
[19]任青年.阻燃涤纶丝汽车用织物的织造[J].产业用纺织品,1995,(5):16-20.
[20]任青年.LT102型剑杆织机织制阻燃涤纶ATY汽车用内饰织物[J].产业用纺织 品,1997,(1)：15-19.
[21]任青年.汽车内装饰用麻棉织物的阻燃整理及其性能变化[J].产业用纺织品,1996,(2)：18-21.
[22]刘飞清,程光旭,徐欣.剑麻纤维增强酚醛基摩擦材料的研制[J].材料科学与工程学报,2006,24(5)：694-699.
[23]杜兆芳,高春燕,董灿君等.黄麻汽车内饰衬板的研制[J].纺织学报,2006,27(5)：94-96.
[24]Dieu, Tran Vinh, Phai. Study on Preparation of Polymer Composites Bsaed on Polypropylene Reinforced by Jute Fibers[J]. Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering,2004,47(4):547-550.
[25]A K Rana, B C Mitra, A N Banerjee. Short jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites:dynamic mechanical study[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1999,71(4):531-539.
[26]J G Andrzej, K Bledzki. Influence of fiber surface treatment on the creep behavior of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene [J]. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials,1999,12(8):388-398.
[27]杨斌,冯岑.汽车座椅用纺织品的性能要求和检验标准[J].四川丝绸,2006,(4)：25-26.
[28]Lihui Tian. Does government intervention help the Chinese automobile industry A comparison with the Chinese computer industry. Economic Systems,2007,31(4):364-374.
[29]刘雄祥.玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究.塑料加工,2006,41(5)：27-30.
[30]朱永彬,刘廷华.汽车塑料化及其前景.塑料,2005,34(5)：40-47.
[31]A K Rana, A Mandal, B C Mitra, R Jacobson, R Rowell, A N Banerjee. Short jute fiber-reinforced polypropylene:Effect of compatilizer[J]. J Apply Polymer Sci,1998,69(2):228-229.
[32]B C Mitra, R K Bsak, Msarkar. Studies on jute-reinforced composites, its limitations, and some solutions through chemical modification of fibers[J]. J Apply Polymer Sci,1998,67(6):1093-1100.
[33]曲丽君.麻纤维在汽车用装饰材料中的应用[J].产业用纺织,2002,20(8)：36-39.
[34]叶鼎铨.2003/2004全球复合材料简[J].评建材工业信息,2004,(3)：46.
[35]于伟东.纺织材料学[M].北京：中国纺织出版社,2006,(5)：15-23.
[36]Fisher R J, Natural Fibers and Green Composites. Composites Manufacturing,2006,(3):21-23.
[37]张元明,于伟东.亚麻纤维理化性能研究[J].中国麻业,2003,25(3)：130-134.
[38]ANSARI I A, EAST G C, JOHNSON D J. Structure-property relationships in natural cellulosic fibers Part I:Characterization[J]. Journal of Textile Institute,1999,90(4):469-480.
[39]GANGOPADHYAH R, GHOSH P. Uncatalysed photografting of poly(methyl methacrylate) from photofunctionalised sisal fiber[J]. European Polymer Journal,2000,36:1596-1606.
[40]唐人成,杨旭红,王化杰等.纺织用天然竹纤维的结构和热性能[J].林产业化学与工业,2004,24(1)：43-47.
[41]史加强.亚麻纤维理化性能会染色机理的影响[J].纺织学报,1999,20(1)：16-18.
[42]郭雅琳,赵玉萍,林福海.亚麻的化学组成和微观结构对染色性能的影响[J].化学通报,2002,(6)：407-410.
[43]郭雅琳,赵玉萍,黄故等.亚麻纤维的结构性能对染色性能的影响[J].大连轻化工业学院学报,2001,20(1)：67-69.
[44]染料应用手册[M].北京：纺织工业出版社,1982：29-30.
[45]金磊,王建平.中国汽车工业现状及车用纺织品标准简析[J].产业用纺织品,2010,236(5)：26-28.
[46]赵涛.染整工艺学教程(第二分册).北京：纺织工业出版社,2007：135-159.
[47]陈荣圻.活性染料染色特性十大参数分析(一)[J].上海染料,2005,33(3)：22-30.
[48]陈荣圻.竭染用活性染料的染色特征值及其应用(一)(二)(三)[J].印染,1994,20(3)：35-37,20(4)：36-41,20(5)：36-39.
[49]陈荣圻.三原色染料(一)(二)[J].印染,2002,28(4)：30-34,28(5)：34-40.
[50]周诗娟,樊增禄.还原橄榄绿B的电化学还原及其染色工艺的探讨[J].印染助剂,2009,26(6)：32-35.
[51]吴坚,李淳.家用纺织品检测手册[M].中国纺织出版社,2004：8.
[52]董政娥.麻纤维及其纺织品的发展前景[J].纤维素科学与技术,2003,11(3)：55-64.
[2]http://www.baiinfo.com/article/default/627/7883488.html
[3]聂建斌.汽车内饰面料的市场与开发[J].毛纺科技,2003,(6):50-54.
[4]向阳.非织造汽车内饰材料发展前景[J].中国纺织,2006,(21):202.
[5]郑志方.汽车内饰纺织面料发展趋势和我们的策略[J].产业用纺织品,2000,(2):1-5.
[6]甘应进,刘辉.汽车内饰纺织品市场状况与发展趋势[J].河北纺织,2008,(3）:73-76.
[7]李艳梅.汽车用纺织品检验标准评述[J].上海纺织科技,2006,(2):61-63.
[8]冯岑.汽车座椅用纺织品的性能要求[J].四川丝绸,2006,(4):25-26.
[9]吴岚.车用内饰面料性能与测试方法[J].产业用纺织品,2006,(1):30-32.
[10]曲丽君.麻纤维在汽车用装饰材料中的应用[J].产业用纺织品,2002,3(8):36-38.
[11]上海市纺织科学研究院.纺织史话[M].(第一版).上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979:33-38.
[12]孙进昌,彭源德.麻类作物的用途及发展前景[J].农产品加工·学刊,2010,(3):66-68.
[13]非织造材料在汽车内饰中的应用
[14]甘应进,刘辉.汽车内饰纺织品的市场状况与发展趋势[J].汽车工艺与材料,2003,(5):36-38.
[15]朱平,隋淑英,安平林.我国纺织品阻燃整理技术的现状及发展趋势[J].山东纺织科技,1997,(1):41-45.
[16]前田裕本.用作汽车部件的聚乳酸纤维.織維学会誌(JPN),2004,60,(5):A8.
[17]松村一也.气囊用布.織維学会誌(JPN),2004,60,(6):143-145.
[18]范慧俐,陈天舒,梁凯.阻燃聚丙烯的研制[J].化学工程师,1997,(5):6-7.
[19]任青年.阻燃涤纶丝汽车用织物的织造[J].产业用纺织品,1995,(5):16-20.
[20]任青年.LT102型剑杆织机织制阻燃涤纶ATY汽车用内饰织物[J].产业用纺织 品,1997,(1)：15-19.
[21]任青年.汽车内装饰用麻棉织物的阻燃整理及其性能变化[J].产业用纺织品,1996,(2)：18-21.
[22]刘飞清,程光旭,徐欣.剑麻纤维增强酚醛基摩擦材料的研制[J].材料科学与工程学报,2006,24(5)：694-699.
[23]杜兆芳,高春燕,董灿君等.黄麻汽车内饰衬板的研制[J].纺织学报,2006,27(5)：94-96.
[24]Dieu, Tran Vinh, Phai. Study on Preparation of Polymer Composites Bsaed on Polypropylene Reinforced by Jute Fibers[J]. Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering,2004,47(4):547-550.
[25]A K Rana, B C Mitra, A N Banerjee. Short jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites:dynamic mechanical study[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1999,71(4):531-539.
[26]J G Andrzej, K Bledzki. Influence of fiber surface treatment on the creep behavior of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene [J]. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials,1999,12(8):388-398.
[27]杨斌,冯岑.汽车座椅用纺织品的性能要求和检验标准[J].四川丝绸,2006,(4)：25-26.
[28]Lihui Tian. Does government intervention help the Chinese automobile industry A comparison with the Chinese computer industry. Economic Systems,2007,31(4):364-374.
[29]刘雄祥.玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究.塑料加工,2006,41(5)：27-30.
[30]朱永彬,刘廷华.汽车塑料化及其前景.塑料,2005,34(5)：40-47.
[31]A K Rana, A Mandal, B C Mitra, R Jacobson, R Rowell, A N Banerjee. Short jute fiber-reinforced polypropylene:Effect of compatilizer[J]. J Apply Polymer Sci,1998,69(2):228-229.
[32]B C Mitra, R K Bsak, Msarkar. Studies on jute-reinforced composites, its limitations, and some solutions through chemical modification of fibers[J]. J Apply Polymer Sci,1998,67(6):1093-1100.
[33]曲丽君.麻纤维在汽车用装饰材料中的应用[J].产业用纺织,2002,20(8)：36-39.
[34]叶鼎铨.2003/2004全球复合材料简[J].评建材工业信息,2004,(3)：46.
[35]于伟东.纺织材料学[M].北京：中国纺织出版社,2006,(5)：15-23.
[36]Fisher R J, Natural Fibers and Green Composites. Composites Manufacturing,2006,(3):21-23.
[37]张元明,于伟东.亚麻纤维理化性能研究[J].中国麻业,2003,25(3)：130-134.
[38]ANSARI I A, EAST G C, JOHNSON D J. Structure-property relationships in natural cellulosic fibers Part I:Characterization[J]. Journal of Textile Institute,1999,90(4):469-480.
[39]GANGOPADHYAH R, GHOSH P. Uncatalysed photografting of poly(methyl methacrylate) from photofunctionalised sisal fiber[J]. European Polymer Journal,2000,36:1596-1606.
[40]唐人成,杨旭红,王化杰等.纺织用天然竹纤维的结构和热性能[J].林产业化学与工业,2004,24(1)：43-47.
[41]史加强.亚麻纤维理化性能会染色机理的影响[J].纺织学报,1999,20(1)：16-18.
[42]郭雅琳,赵玉萍,林福海.亚麻的化学组成和微观结构对染色性能的影响[J].化学通报,2002,(6)：407-410.
[43]郭雅琳,赵玉萍,黄故等.亚麻纤维的结构性能对染色性能的影响[J].大连轻化工业学院学报,2001,20(1)：67-69.
[44]染料应用手册[M].北京：纺织工业出版社,1982：29-30.
[45]金磊,王建平.中国汽车工业现状及车用纺织品标准简析[J].产业用纺织品,2010,236(5)：26-28.
[46]赵涛.染整工艺学教程(第二分册).北京：纺织工业出版社,2007：135-159.
[47]陈荣圻.活性染料染色特性十大参数分析(一)[J].上海染料,2005,33(3)：22-30.
[48]陈荣圻.竭染用活性染料的染色特征值及其应用(一)(二)(三)[J].印染,1994,20(3)：35-37,20(4)：36-41,20(5)：36-39.
[49]陈荣圻.三原色染料(一)(二)[J].印染,2002,28(4)：30-34,28(5)：34-40.
[50]周诗娟,樊增禄.还原橄榄绿B的电化学还原及其染色工艺的探讨[J].印染助剂,2009,26(6)：32-35.
[51]吴坚,李淳.家用纺织品检测手册[M].中国纺织出版社,2004：8.
[52]董政娥.麻纤维及其纺织品的发展前景[J].纤维素科学与技术,2003,11(3)：55-64.