TMD和MTMD在拱桥振动控制中的应用
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摘要
本文针对大跨度钢筋混凝土箱型拱桥的车振响应分析以及被动减振控制问题展开,在查阅国内外相关资料的基础上,对桥梁结构振动被动控制原理与方法进行了研究,并对调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)和多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)的设计原理及制作技术进行了探讨。在理论分析的基础上,本文对四川金沙江通阳大桥(上承式钢筋混凝土箱型拱桥)进行了有限元仿真分析,研究了大跨度钢筋混凝土箱型拱桥的自振特性;在大型通用有限元软件ANSYS中对通阳大桥分别进行模态分析和移动荷载响应时程分析,研究了通阳大桥的动力特征及其在行车荷载作用下的响应特性;在ANSYS中建立的通阳大桥拱桥模型上加入MTMD系统,以加速度和动位移为控制目标,计算验证MTMD系统对拱桥减振控制的有效性。
在对通阳大桥进行有限元仿真分析的同时,本文作者在重庆交通大学结构实验室采用有机玻璃材料建立了拱桥实验模型。模型与实桥比例为1:50,并对实桥进行了一定简化。随后对拱桥模型进行模态分析,研究了其动力特性和行车荷载下的动力响应。根据拱桥模型在行车荷载下的动力响应设计出控制MTMD的相关参数,以结构动位移为控制目标,对比拱桥模型安装MTMD前后行车响应,验证了MTMD对于拱桥模型振动控制的有效性。
在对比实桥仿真分析和模型实验的减振控制结果的基础上,本文对加入TMD后结构体系的受力性能和结构-TMD系统方案进行总结研究,为实际结构的TMD减振控制设计提供可行性方案,以期能将研究成果应用到实际工程中。
This thesis mainly deals with studies on the principle and method of passived vibration control of long-span reinforced concrete box-typed arch bridges, the design principle and the process technology of TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) and MTMD(Multi Tuned Mass Damper) at the same time, on the basis of references to the previous researches in China and abroard. Based on theory analiyse,this thesis study the vibration response of long-span reinforced concrete box-typed arch bridges. With the establishment of the finite element modal of Shichuan Tong Yang arch bridge(long-span reinforced concrete box-type arched bridge), studies on the characters of natural vibration of long-span reinforced concrete box-type arched bridge are carried out, on the basis of anlyzing the modal and time-marching, studies on the dynamic behaviors of Tong Yang arch bridge and its response character under random load are made specifically in ANSYS. The validity of TMD and MTMD on arched bridge’s vibration control is also verified though ANSYS analyze.
As the studies of vibration control of long-span arch bridges by finite element alalyze, study in bridge modal is also carry out. The test model of Jinshajiang Tong Yang Bridge with a scale of 1:50 to actul bridge is established by organic materials in Chongqing Jiaotong University, and according to the dynamic response of the model under random dynamic load, the TMD parameters are optimized. By the contrast of dynamic response of arched bridge with and without TMD and MTMD, the validity of TMD and MTMD on arched bridge’s vibration control is verified.
By the contrast of dynamic control validity in finite element analyze of Tong Yang bridge and in arch bridge modal study, this thesis give some methods of TMD and MTMD design which are hoped to be used to actual civil engingeer in the future.
在对通阳大桥进行有限元仿真分析的同时,本文作者在重庆交通大学结构实验室采用有机玻璃材料建立了拱桥实验模型。模型与实桥比例为1:50,并对实桥进行了一定简化。随后对拱桥模型进行模态分析,研究了其动力特性和行车荷载下的动力响应。根据拱桥模型在行车荷载下的动力响应设计出控制MTMD的相关参数,以结构动位移为控制目标,对比拱桥模型安装MTMD前后行车响应,验证了MTMD对于拱桥模型振动控制的有效性。
在对比实桥仿真分析和模型实验的减振控制结果的基础上,本文对加入TMD后结构体系的受力性能和结构-TMD系统方案进行总结研究,为实际结构的TMD减振控制设计提供可行性方案,以期能将研究成果应用到实际工程中。
This thesis mainly deals with studies on the principle and method of passived vibration control of long-span reinforced concrete box-typed arch bridges, the design principle and the process technology of TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) and MTMD(Multi Tuned Mass Damper) at the same time, on the basis of references to the previous researches in China and abroard. Based on theory analiyse,this thesis study the vibration response of long-span reinforced concrete box-typed arch bridges. With the establishment of the finite element modal of Shichuan Tong Yang arch bridge(long-span reinforced concrete box-type arched bridge), studies on the characters of natural vibration of long-span reinforced concrete box-type arched bridge are carried out, on the basis of anlyzing the modal and time-marching, studies on the dynamic behaviors of Tong Yang arch bridge and its response character under random load are made specifically in ANSYS. The validity of TMD and MTMD on arched bridge’s vibration control is also verified though ANSYS analyze.
As the studies of vibration control of long-span arch bridges by finite element alalyze, study in bridge modal is also carry out. The test model of Jinshajiang Tong Yang Bridge with a scale of 1:50 to actul bridge is established by organic materials in Chongqing Jiaotong University, and according to the dynamic response of the model under random dynamic load, the TMD parameters are optimized. By the contrast of dynamic response of arched bridge with and without TMD and MTMD, the validity of TMD and MTMD on arched bridge’s vibration control is verified.
By the contrast of dynamic control validity in finite element analyze of Tong Yang bridge and in arch bridge modal study, this thesis give some methods of TMD and MTMD design which are hoped to be used to actual civil engingeer in the future.
引文
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[2] 周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].地震出版社.1997
[3] 刘季,李敏霞.变刚度半主动结构振动控制的研究.地震工程与工程振动[J].1997
[4] 范立础,王志强.桥梁减隔震设计[M].人民交通出版社. 2001.4
[5] Wirsching P H,Yao J T P. Safety design concept for seismic structures. Compute Strucut[J].1973.3
[6] 范立础.桥梁抗震 [M].上海.同济大学出版社.1997
[7] T.T.Soong,Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis[M].Prentice-Hall
[8] Yang J N,Li Z,and Liu S C. Stable controllers for instantaneous optimal control. ASCE[J]Engineering. Mach.1992. 6.118(8):612-1630
[9] Abe M,Fujino Y.Dynamic characteristics of multiple tuned mass dampers and some design formulas.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1994.23:813—835.
[10] Sladek J R, Klinger R E,Effect of tuned-mass dampers on seismic response.[J] Strucut Div.1983.109:2004-2009
[11] Li Chunxiang,Liu Yanxia. Further characteristics for multiple tuned mass dampers. Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE[J]2002. 128(10)
[12] Clark A J,Multiple passive tuned mass dampers for reducing earthquake induced building motion. In:Proc.9th World Conf. Earthquake Engineering.1988.V:779-784
[13] Aldawod M,Samali B. Active control of along wind response of tall building using a fuzzy controller. Engineering Structures[J].2001.23:1512-1522
[14] Villaverde R,Koyama L A. Damped resonant appendages to increase inherent damping in buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics.1993.22:491-507
[15] Sadek F,Mohraz B,Chung R M. A method of estimating the parameters of tuned mass damper for seismic applications. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1997.26:617-635
[16] Carotti A, Turci E. A tuning criterion for the inertial tuned damper. Design using phasors in Argand-Gauss plane. Applied Mathematical Modeling[J].1999.23:199-217
[17] 何玉敖,李忠献.电视塔结构地震反应的优化控制.建筑结构学报[J].1990.ll(11):2-11
[18] Lin C C, Wang J F. J M V Vibration control identification of seismically excited m.d.o.f.structures-PTMD system. Journal of Sound and Vibration[J]. 2001.240(1):87-115
[19] Abdullah MM,Hanif J H. Usage of shared tuned mass dampers (STMD) to reduce vibration and pounding in adjacent structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].2001.30:1185-1201
[20] Lukkunaprasit P,Wanitkorkul A. Inelastic buildings with tuned mass dampers under moderateground motions from distant earthquakes. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].2001.20:537-551
[21] Iwammi K,Seto K. Optimum design of dual tuned mass dampers and their effectiveness. Proceedings of the JSME(C)1984.50(449):4-52(in Japanese)
[22] Xu K,Igusa T. Dynamic characteristics of multiple substructures with closely spaced frequencies. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1992.21:1059—1070
[23] Yamaguchi H,Hampornchai N. Fundamental characteristics of multiple tuned mass dampers for suppressing harmonically forced oscillations. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1933.22:51—62
[24] Abe M,Fujino Y. Dynamic characteristic of multiple tuned mass dampers and some design formula. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1994.23:813—835
[25] Jangid R S. Dynamic characteristics of structures with multiple tuned mass dampers. Structural Engineering and Mechanics[J].1995.3:497—509
[26] Kareem A,Kline S.Performance of multiple mass damper sunder random loading. Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE[J]1995.121:348—361
[27] Jangid R S,Datta T K.Performance of multiple tuned mass dampers for torsionally coupled system. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1997.26:307—317
[28] Jangid R S. Optimum multiple tuned mass dampers for base excited damped system. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].1999.28:1041—1049
[29] 李春祥.土木工程结构振动控制的最佳多重调谐质量阻尼器模型.四川建筑科学[J].2004.3.Vol.1 No.3
[30] Li Chunxiang. Performance of multiple tuned mass dampers for attenuating undesirable oscillations of structures under the ground.oration.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].2000.29:1405—1421
[31] Park J,Reed D.Analysis and linearly distributed mass dampers under harmonic and earthquake excitation. Engineering Structures[J].2001.23:802—814
[32] Gu M,Chen S R,Chang C C. Parametric study on multiple tuned mass dampers for buffeting control of Yangpu Bridge. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics[J].2001.89(11—12):987—1000
[33] Li Chunxiang. Optimum multiple tuned mass dampers for structures under the ground acceleration based on DDMF and ADMF. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics[J].2002.31:897—919
[34] 李春祥,刘艳霞,王肇民.基于修正的Clough-Penzien地震动模型时MTMD的动力特性[J].应用力学学报.2003.(1)
[35] Reinhom A M,Soong. Full scale implementation of active control. Part II:installation and performance. Journal of Structural Engineering .ASCE[J]1993.199(11):2317-2332
[36] Li Chunxiang,Liu Yanxia. Optimum multiple tuned mass dampers for structures under ground acceleration based on the uniform distribution of system parameters. Earthquake Engineering an d Structural Dynamics.ASCE1993.199(11):2317-2320
[37] 孙景江,江近仁.与规范反应谱相对应的金井清谱的谱参数.世界地震工程[J].1990(1) 42-48
[38] 王均刚,马汝建等.TMD 振动控制结构的发展及应用.济南大学学报[J]. 2006.4 Vol.20 No.2
[39] 宗昕,宗刚.TMD 对桥梁在运动荷载作用下的振动控制.浙江交通职业技术学院学报[J].2003.12:Vol.4 No.4
[40] 朱以文,吴春秋.TMD 多点控制体系随机地震响应分析的虚拟激励法.振动与冲击[J].2003.12:Vol.23.No.6
[41] 李德葆,陆秋海.实验模态分析及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2001
[42] 李宏男,李忠献.结构振动与控制[M].中国建筑工业出版社.2005
[43] 范立础,胡世德,叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2001.4
[44] 胡聿贤.地震工程学 [M].北京:人民交通出版社.1988.
[45] 克拉夫,彭津.结构动力学 [M].北京:科学出版社.1983.
[46] 欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].高等教育出版社.1995
[47] 沈聚敏,周锡元等.抗震工程学[M].中国建筑工业出版社.2000.12
[48] 周有权.基于 TMD 的斜拉桥钢塔涡振控制研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2006
[49] 朱镜清.结构抗震分析原理[M].北京:地震出版社.2001.7
[50] 陈塑寰.结构振动分析的数值方法[M].吉林科学技术出版社.1996
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