工程项目集成化管理机制研究
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摘要
工程项目集成化管理能够显著改善建设项目绩效,是我国建筑行业提高项目管理水平,增强行业核心竞争力的有效手段之一。工程项目集成化管理模式的成功推行,是集成化管理技术和实施机制共同作用的结果。因此,设计与研究工程项目集成化管理机制是提高建设项目集成化管理实施成功率的关键。
论文分析了经济系统与工程项目集成化管理系统的异同,认为工程项目集成化管理系统与经济系统在信息成本、系统调控和环境依存等三个方面存在差异,工程项目集成化管理机制设计的主要内容是解决工程项目集成化管理系统的激励相容约束、调控机制设计和环境适应性设计等三个方面的内容,并据此归纳和构建了工程项目集成化管理机制设计的内容、原则和程序。
分析了工程项目集成化管理的内在特征和实施动力,利用工程项目集成化管理的理论与方法设计了工程项目集成化管理机制体系。结果显示:工程项目集成化管理机制体系由激励机制、约束机制、过程绩效调控机制、协调机制、决策机制和适应进化机制构成。
利用委托代理理论和博弈理论进行了工程项目集成化管理激励机制设计,认为集成化管理代理人满足激励相容的核心问题是工程项目集成化管理利益剩余的分配问题以及代理人的选择问题。同时,分析了工程项目集成化管理的利益剩余,认为工程项目集成化管理利益剩余由直接经济利益剩余和无形利益剩余两部分组成,构筑了一个两阶段的工程项目集成化管理利益剩余分配模型。设计了由失信惩罚机制、担保机制、声誉机制组成的工程项目集成化管理内部约束机制和由市场竞争机制、法律约束机制和社会约束机制组成的工程项目集成化管理外部约束机制。
研究了工程项目集成化管理参与人之间的协调机制和决策机制,设计了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效调控机制,建立了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效评价指标体系,利用改进的层次分析法和模糊综合评判构建了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效评价方法。
认为工程项目集成集成化管理是一个复杂自组织系统,存在集成化管理目标或者使命、信息的无缝对接与共享、以及协同、合作的项目文化三个序参量,在适应进化过程中存在突变现象,其适应进化依赖于系统耗散结构的形成。建立了工程项目集成化管理系统的突变模型,耗散结构模型,分析了工程项目集成化管理系统形成耗散结构的条件。
该论文通过对沪宁高速公路江苏段扩建工程项目集成化管理机制的分析与研究,验证了论文的理论研究成果。结果显示:沪宁高速公路江苏段扩建工程项目集成化管理机制设置基本契合论文理论研究部分所设计的集成化管理机制框架,案例分析结果较好地支持了论文的理论研究成果。
Implementation of the Project Integrated Management Mode can improve the construction project performance significantly, and be considered as one of useful influencing factors to promote the project management level and to enhance the core competence of the A\E\C industry in China. Successful implementation of the project integrated management mode is resulted from both integrated management technologies and integrated management mechanism. Hence, it is important for us to research and design the project integrated management mechanism which is considered as key factors to increase the success rate of the project integrated management mode implementation. Similarities and differences between economic system and the project integrated management system are analyzed. Results show that there are 3 main different aspects, including information cost, process controlling and environment-dependence. Thus, main contents of the project integrated management mechanism design can be divided into 3 categories: 1) Incentive compatibility constraint; 2) process controlling mechanism design and 3) environmental adaptability design. Furthermore, elements, principles and framework of the project integrated management mechanism design theory are concluded and constructed.
Characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the project integrated management are analyzed, and the project integrated management mechanism system is designed by the project integrated management mechanism design theory. Results show that the project integrated management mechanism system can be divided into the following: the incentive mechanism, the restriction mechanism, the process performance regulation mechanism, the coordination mechanism, the decision-making mechanism and the adaptation and evolutionary mechanism.
Based on the principal-agent theory and game theory, the incentive mechanism of the project integrated management is designed, results show that profit allocation and agent selection are two core problems in fitting the incentive compatibility constraint of the agent. Then, profits of the project integrated management which can be categorized into direct economic profits and intangible profits are identified, and a two stage model for the project integrated management profit allocation is established.
The internal restriction mechanism of the project integrated management which is separated into the credit punishment mechanism, the guarantee mechanism and the reputation mechanism, as well as the external restriction mechanism of the project integrated management which is constructed by the market competition mechanism, the legal restriction mechanism and the social restriction mechanism, are designed and presented.
The coordination mechanism and decision-making mechanism between participators of the project integrated management are designed, and the process performance regulation mechanism of the project integrated management is presented. Furthermore, a process performance evaluation index system of the project integrated management is established, and an evaluation method is constructed by using the modified analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
Based the self-organization theory, it is considered that the project integrated management system can be seen as a complex self-organization system, and there are 3 order parameters which are integrated objectives, information sharing and cooperative project culture. The adaptation and evolutionary of the project integrated management system in which catastrophe phenomenon may be emerging relies on the establishment of the dissipative structure. The catastrophe model and the dissipative structure model are constructed to simulate the adaptation and evolutionary path of the project integrated management system, and conditions which the dissipative structure could be constructed in are analyzed and presented.
Achievements of the paper are tested by analyzing and researching the project integrated management mechanism of the Extension Project of Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway, which normally is seen as a successful implementation of the project integrated management technologies. Results show that: settings of the project integrated management mechanism of the Extension Project of Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway are basically correspond achievements of the paper, which means that achievements of the paper are supported by results of the case study preferably.
There are 54 figures, 13 tables and 254 references in the paper.
论文分析了经济系统与工程项目集成化管理系统的异同,认为工程项目集成化管理系统与经济系统在信息成本、系统调控和环境依存等三个方面存在差异,工程项目集成化管理机制设计的主要内容是解决工程项目集成化管理系统的激励相容约束、调控机制设计和环境适应性设计等三个方面的内容,并据此归纳和构建了工程项目集成化管理机制设计的内容、原则和程序。
分析了工程项目集成化管理的内在特征和实施动力,利用工程项目集成化管理的理论与方法设计了工程项目集成化管理机制体系。结果显示:工程项目集成化管理机制体系由激励机制、约束机制、过程绩效调控机制、协调机制、决策机制和适应进化机制构成。
利用委托代理理论和博弈理论进行了工程项目集成化管理激励机制设计,认为集成化管理代理人满足激励相容的核心问题是工程项目集成化管理利益剩余的分配问题以及代理人的选择问题。同时,分析了工程项目集成化管理的利益剩余,认为工程项目集成化管理利益剩余由直接经济利益剩余和无形利益剩余两部分组成,构筑了一个两阶段的工程项目集成化管理利益剩余分配模型。设计了由失信惩罚机制、担保机制、声誉机制组成的工程项目集成化管理内部约束机制和由市场竞争机制、法律约束机制和社会约束机制组成的工程项目集成化管理外部约束机制。
研究了工程项目集成化管理参与人之间的协调机制和决策机制,设计了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效调控机制,建立了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效评价指标体系,利用改进的层次分析法和模糊综合评判构建了工程项目集成化管理过程绩效评价方法。
认为工程项目集成集成化管理是一个复杂自组织系统,存在集成化管理目标或者使命、信息的无缝对接与共享、以及协同、合作的项目文化三个序参量,在适应进化过程中存在突变现象,其适应进化依赖于系统耗散结构的形成。建立了工程项目集成化管理系统的突变模型,耗散结构模型,分析了工程项目集成化管理系统形成耗散结构的条件。
该论文通过对沪宁高速公路江苏段扩建工程项目集成化管理机制的分析与研究,验证了论文的理论研究成果。结果显示:沪宁高速公路江苏段扩建工程项目集成化管理机制设置基本契合论文理论研究部分所设计的集成化管理机制框架,案例分析结果较好地支持了论文的理论研究成果。
Implementation of the Project Integrated Management Mode can improve the construction project performance significantly, and be considered as one of useful influencing factors to promote the project management level and to enhance the core competence of the A\E\C industry in China. Successful implementation of the project integrated management mode is resulted from both integrated management technologies and integrated management mechanism. Hence, it is important for us to research and design the project integrated management mechanism which is considered as key factors to increase the success rate of the project integrated management mode implementation. Similarities and differences between economic system and the project integrated management system are analyzed. Results show that there are 3 main different aspects, including information cost, process controlling and environment-dependence. Thus, main contents of the project integrated management mechanism design can be divided into 3 categories: 1) Incentive compatibility constraint; 2) process controlling mechanism design and 3) environmental adaptability design. Furthermore, elements, principles and framework of the project integrated management mechanism design theory are concluded and constructed.
Characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the project integrated management are analyzed, and the project integrated management mechanism system is designed by the project integrated management mechanism design theory. Results show that the project integrated management mechanism system can be divided into the following: the incentive mechanism, the restriction mechanism, the process performance regulation mechanism, the coordination mechanism, the decision-making mechanism and the adaptation and evolutionary mechanism.
Based on the principal-agent theory and game theory, the incentive mechanism of the project integrated management is designed, results show that profit allocation and agent selection are two core problems in fitting the incentive compatibility constraint of the agent. Then, profits of the project integrated management which can be categorized into direct economic profits and intangible profits are identified, and a two stage model for the project integrated management profit allocation is established.
The internal restriction mechanism of the project integrated management which is separated into the credit punishment mechanism, the guarantee mechanism and the reputation mechanism, as well as the external restriction mechanism of the project integrated management which is constructed by the market competition mechanism, the legal restriction mechanism and the social restriction mechanism, are designed and presented.
The coordination mechanism and decision-making mechanism between participators of the project integrated management are designed, and the process performance regulation mechanism of the project integrated management is presented. Furthermore, a process performance evaluation index system of the project integrated management is established, and an evaluation method is constructed by using the modified analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
Based the self-organization theory, it is considered that the project integrated management system can be seen as a complex self-organization system, and there are 3 order parameters which are integrated objectives, information sharing and cooperative project culture. The adaptation and evolutionary of the project integrated management system in which catastrophe phenomenon may be emerging relies on the establishment of the dissipative structure. The catastrophe model and the dissipative structure model are constructed to simulate the adaptation and evolutionary path of the project integrated management system, and conditions which the dissipative structure could be constructed in are analyzed and presented.
Achievements of the paper are tested by analyzing and researching the project integrated management mechanism of the Extension Project of Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway, which normally is seen as a successful implementation of the project integrated management technologies. Results show that: settings of the project integrated management mechanism of the Extension Project of Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway are basically correspond achievements of the paper, which means that achievements of the paper are supported by results of the case study preferably.
There are 54 figures, 13 tables and 254 references in the paper.
引文
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