产品运输包装系统逆子结构分析方法研究
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摘要
针对物流过程中产品保护遇到的问题，研究产品在运输环境下的振动和冲击特性是设计合适包装件的基础。本文提出产品运输包装系统逆子结构分析方法及其包装缓冲性能评价方法。首先介绍本课题的研究意义，综述了单自由度、多自由度以及随机激励下缓冲包装动力学，路面激励下包装振动与冲击特性、逆子结构理论以及包装缓冲性能评价方法的研究现状和进展。
物流中，通常将产品和车辆通过包装件耦合成二级多点耦合系统。考虑产品关键部件及其固定装置时，关键部件、产品和车辆通过固定装置和包装件耦合成三级多点耦合系统。本文在二级多点耦合子结构理论基础上结合产品-运输系统实际改进二级多点耦合逆子结构理论，并应用其分析产品-运输系统的动态特性。基于二级多点耦合子结构理论发展三级多点耦合子结构理论，结合二级多点耦合逆子结构理论发展三级多点耦合逆子结构理论，并应用三级多点耦合逆子结构理论分析关键部件-产品-运输系统的动态特性。通过产品-运输和关键部件-产品-运输多点耦合系统的集总参数模型和物理样机模型分别验证了二级和三级多点耦合逆子结构理论的正确性和在实际应用中的有效性。
研究了包装件各耦合点在振动中传递振动的能力。基于频率响应函数、二级和三级多点耦合逆子结构理论，提出通过包装件各耦合点产品或关键部件受路面激励所得响应的振动贡献、振动贡献比、频段总振动贡献和频段总振动贡献比，表征产品-运输和关键部件-产品-运输多点耦合系统中包装件各耦合点在振动和冲击中的缓冲性能。
研究了采用简单易行的冲击力锤激励进行振动特性识别的实验方法，总结了实际动态测试实验中得到的一些经验和教训，提出用于产品-运输系统和关键部件-产品-运输系统振动特性识别的动态测试方法，并进行冰箱-货车二级多点耦合系统车载实验和压缩机-冰箱-货车三级多点耦合系统车载实验。车载实验表明，应用产品-运输系统和关键部件-产品-运输系统多点耦合逆子结构理论进行包装件结构振动特性研究是可行的。从整个频域来看，通过各耦合点冰箱或压缩机的振动贡献趋势相同，而在其总响应中的振动贡献比相差很大。总振动贡献和总振动贡献比的数值结果表明包装件各耦合点的振动传递能力和缓冲效果略有不同。
Since the shock and vibration characteristics of product is vital for the packaging designof the product, this paper proposes a new transport packaging system dynamic analysis theoryand buffer performance evaluation method to deal with the current problems and challengesof product protection in logistics. With a review of the research status of the single degree offreedom, many degrees of freedom and random excited dynamics of package cushioning, theshock and vibration characteristics of product within the road excitation, inverse substructuretheory and buffer performance evaluation method, this paper firstly gives an introduction toits research significance.
In logistics, the product and the vehicle can usually constitute a two-substructure coupledsystem through packaging. The critical component-product-vehicle system is treated as athree-substructure multi-coordinate coupled system. It is composed of a critical component, aproduct and a vehicle, which are connected by a fixed installation structure and a packagingone. The two-substructure coupled inverse substructure theory, extended fromtwo-substructure coupled substructure theory, can be used to analyze the dynamiccharacteristics of product-vehicle system. The three-substructure coupled substructure theoryis extended from two-substructure coupled substructure theory, with two-substructure coupledinverse substructure theory, the three-substructure coupled inverse substructure theory isfurther proposed. Based on that, the dynamic characteristics of criticalcomponent-product-vehicle system can be thoroughly analyzed. The lumped parameter modeland the physical prototype model for the product-vehicle and criticalcomponent-product-vehicle three-substructure multi-coordinate coupled systems areconducted to respectively verify the validity and accuracy of the two-substructure and thethree-substructure multi-coordinate coupled inverse substructure theorys.
This paper conducts a research on the vibration transmission ability and the cushioningeffect of the coupling points of the packaging units. Based on frequency response function,two-substructure and the three-substructure multi-coordinate coupled inverse substructuretheory, the concepts of the vibration contribution, vibration contribution ratio, overallvibration contribution and overall vibration contribution ratio to product response or criticalcomponent response through each packaging unit are introduced.
By adopting the simple and practicable experimental method which uses impact hammerexcitation to recognize the vibration characteristics. this paper proposes a dynamic testmethod for the vibration characteristics recognization of the product-vehicle system and thecritical component-product-vehicle system. Based on that, it conducts online tests of the refrigerator-truck and the compressor-refrigerator-truck multi-coordinate coupled system.The results of the online tests verify the validity and accuracy of the method. Seen from thewhole frequency range, the vibration contributions of the compressor and refrigerator atdifferent coupling points are almost matched. But for most frequencies, the total vibrationcontribution ratios of the compressor and refrigerator at different coupling points are different.The values of overall vibration contribution and overall vibration contribution ratio reveal thatthe vibration transmission ability and buffering effects of different coupling points ofcoupling units in a package are different.
物流中，通常将产品和车辆通过包装件耦合成二级多点耦合系统。考虑产品关键部件及其固定装置时，关键部件、产品和车辆通过固定装置和包装件耦合成三级多点耦合系统。本文在二级多点耦合子结构理论基础上结合产品-运输系统实际改进二级多点耦合逆子结构理论，并应用其分析产品-运输系统的动态特性。基于二级多点耦合子结构理论发展三级多点耦合子结构理论，结合二级多点耦合逆子结构理论发展三级多点耦合逆子结构理论，并应用三级多点耦合逆子结构理论分析关键部件-产品-运输系统的动态特性。通过产品-运输和关键部件-产品-运输多点耦合系统的集总参数模型和物理样机模型分别验证了二级和三级多点耦合逆子结构理论的正确性和在实际应用中的有效性。
研究了包装件各耦合点在振动中传递振动的能力。基于频率响应函数、二级和三级多点耦合逆子结构理论，提出通过包装件各耦合点产品或关键部件受路面激励所得响应的振动贡献、振动贡献比、频段总振动贡献和频段总振动贡献比，表征产品-运输和关键部件-产品-运输多点耦合系统中包装件各耦合点在振动和冲击中的缓冲性能。
研究了采用简单易行的冲击力锤激励进行振动特性识别的实验方法，总结了实际动态测试实验中得到的一些经验和教训，提出用于产品-运输系统和关键部件-产品-运输系统振动特性识别的动态测试方法，并进行冰箱-货车二级多点耦合系统车载实验和压缩机-冰箱-货车三级多点耦合系统车载实验。车载实验表明，应用产品-运输系统和关键部件-产品-运输系统多点耦合逆子结构理论进行包装件结构振动特性研究是可行的。从整个频域来看，通过各耦合点冰箱或压缩机的振动贡献趋势相同，而在其总响应中的振动贡献比相差很大。总振动贡献和总振动贡献比的数值结果表明包装件各耦合点的振动传递能力和缓冲效果略有不同。
Since the shock and vibration characteristics of product is vital for the packaging designof the product, this paper proposes a new transport packaging system dynamic analysis theoryand buffer performance evaluation method to deal with the current problems and challengesof product protection in logistics. With a review of the research status of the single degree offreedom, many degrees of freedom and random excited dynamics of package cushioning, theshock and vibration characteristics of product within the road excitation, inverse substructuretheory and buffer performance evaluation method, this paper firstly gives an introduction toits research significance.
In logistics, the product and the vehicle can usually constitute a two-substructure coupledsystem through packaging. The critical component-product-vehicle system is treated as athree-substructure multi-coordinate coupled system. It is composed of a critical component, aproduct and a vehicle, which are connected by a fixed installation structure and a packagingone. The two-substructure coupled inverse substructure theory, extended fromtwo-substructure coupled substructure theory, can be used to analyze the dynamiccharacteristics of product-vehicle system. The three-substructure coupled substructure theoryis extended from two-substructure coupled substructure theory, with two-substructure coupledinverse substructure theory, the three-substructure coupled inverse substructure theory isfurther proposed. Based on that, the dynamic characteristics of criticalcomponent-product-vehicle system can be thoroughly analyzed. The lumped parameter modeland the physical prototype model for the product-vehicle and criticalcomponent-product-vehicle three-substructure multi-coordinate coupled systems areconducted to respectively verify the validity and accuracy of the two-substructure and thethree-substructure multi-coordinate coupled inverse substructure theorys.
This paper conducts a research on the vibration transmission ability and the cushioningeffect of the coupling points of the packaging units. Based on frequency response function,two-substructure and the three-substructure multi-coordinate coupled inverse substructuretheory, the concepts of the vibration contribution, vibration contribution ratio, overallvibration contribution and overall vibration contribution ratio to product response or criticalcomponent response through each packaging unit are introduced.
By adopting the simple and practicable experimental method which uses impact hammerexcitation to recognize the vibration characteristics. this paper proposes a dynamic testmethod for the vibration characteristics recognization of the product-vehicle system and thecritical component-product-vehicle system. Based on that, it conducts online tests of the refrigerator-truck and the compressor-refrigerator-truck multi-coordinate coupled system.The results of the online tests verify the validity and accuracy of the method. Seen from thewhole frequency range, the vibration contributions of the compressor and refrigerator atdifferent coupling points are almost matched. But for most frequencies, the total vibrationcontribution ratios of the compressor and refrigerator at different coupling points are different.The values of overall vibration contribution and overall vibration contribution ratio reveal thatthe vibration transmission ability and buffering effects of different coupling points ofcoupling units in a package are different.
引文
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