汽车制造企业绿色制造模式及关键支持系统研究
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摘要
“可持续发展”战略涉及的资源及环境问题带来的是21世纪人类社会发展的重大挑战。我国政府审时度势,提出了“节能减排”的重要发展战略,以促进我国经济社会的又好又快的发展。汽车制造业作为国民经济的支柱产业之一,其制造过程不仅消耗大量的资源,还引起严重的环境影响。汽车制造企业如何引入先进的制造模式以满足企业经济效益与人类社会的可持续发展效益协调优化是行业发展遇到的共性课题。
论文首先分析了汽车制造企业实施绿色制造的需求。然后,建立了中国汽车制造企业与世界知名汽车制造企业的Hotelling线性城市模型,刻画了模仿效率系数、规模经济效应因子,通过他们之间的关于市场份额的博弈分析,得出了中国汽车制造企业模仿创新的运作机理。以此作为战略基础,结合汽车制造企业制造模式发展趋势,论文提出了一种四层架构的汽车制造企业绿色制造模式,包括绿色制造模式支持系统层、汽车产品生命周期工程主线层、绿色制造过程目标层以及绿色制造最终目标层的螺旋闭环结构。该模式具有时间维度的无极化(From Cradle to Grave to Cradle)、空间维度的协调化、制造过程的清洁化、制造目标的集成化以及战略推进的渐进化的特征。
在绿色制造模式下,论文建立绿色制造模式支持系统的体系架构,并对于中的关键支持系统展开了研究:
①在分析绿色设计策略以及考察绿色设计的系统方法的基础上,论文建立了汽车制造企业的绿色设计系统的运行模式。该模式强调绿色研发设计的触发、绿色设计支持库以及绿色设计的评价和反馈机制;
②论文介绍了作者所在研究团队在制造资源优化运行支持系统研究中,通过绿色优化调度模型建立的绿色调度方法的研究成果;
③论文通过对于汽车制造过程中的资源及环境问题的识别,提出了清洁生产系统绿色化改造的解决方案;
④论文建立一种汽车产品生命终期管理系统模型。该模型强调从汽车生命终期工程中层层递进、逐层分解、反馈循环。通过对汽车零部件(原材料)的重用、再制造以及再生,实现最大程度的循环利用;
⑤论文建立了一个五层结构的面向绿色制造的信息系统框架模型,包括模型支撑层、应用引擎层、汽车生命周期工程主线层、协同展示层以及系统集成层。在此基础上,论文对于该模型的运行模式,基于RFID的数据采集、基于语义WEB服务的系统集成技术进行了研究;
⑥论文建立了一种基于遗传改进的BP人工神经网络评价模型,即绿色制造评价因数集(2625指标体系)与绿色制造评价等级集的模糊映射关系。通过对某民族汽车制造企业、某中日合资汽车制造企业以及某中美合资汽车制造企业的评价数据,实现了对于汽车制造企业绿色制造模式的评价。
论文以上研究成果层提交给在长安汽车股份有限公司,并得到了初步应用实践,成为了长安汽车公司近几年的重要战略参考。
The issue of resource and environment related to sustainable development strategy is the great challenge for human society in 21 century. Presently, China central government put forwards energy saving & omission reducing strategy considering the situation to ensure fast and healthy development of national economy. Automotive industry as one of the national pillar industries consumes a lot of resources and brings measurable environmental influence. How to introduce advanced manufacturing mode to meet the optimization of enterprises’profit and sustainable development of is the human society is the universal subject of all auto manufacturing enterprises.
Firstly, the pressing need to enforce Green Manufacturing (GM) is analyzed in the paper. And then, one kind of Hotelling Linear City Model of Chinese auto makers and world famous counterparties is built, which describes imitation coefficient and scale economy effect. With deduction of game theory, the mechanism of imitation & innovation strategy of Chinese auto makers is discovered. Based on the conclusion of the model, one four-layered GM mode for the auto makers is proposed in the paper with the developing trend of automotive manufacturing mode, which consists of supporting layer of GM, main auto product lifecycle engineering layer, process objectives layer of GM and final objectives layer of GM. The mode is featured with time from cradle to grave to cradle, coordination of huge space, cleaning in the whole process, multiple dimension of manufacturing targets and gradual strategy.
The paper mainly focuses on the supporting layer of GM, the architecture of which is given and key supporting systems are reseached:
①Based on the GM. The operation mode of green design for auto makers is developed after anglicizing the strategy and methods of green design. The start , the database, the evolution and feedback process is emphasized.
②The paper introduces the author’s team’s achievement of the green scheduling method based on green scheduling model for optimized manufacturing resource operation supporting system.
③Green reworking solutions is suggested based on identification of resource & environmental issues for clean production system.
④One kind of End lifecycle Vehicle Management Model is proposed in the paper, which emphasizes the gradual process, gradual dismantling and recycling for End Lifecycle Vehicle Management System(ELVMS). With the spare parts’s (raw material) reusing, remanufacturing and regeneration, the fullest extend possible recycling rate is enabled.
⑤One framework model of 5 layers is built for the information system for the auto makers based on GM, including model supporting layer, application engine layer, auto product lifecycle engineering layer, collaborative presentation layer and system integration layer. The key techniques of the model such as data collection based on RFID and integration technique based on Semantic web services are also researched.
⑥One kind of Evolutionary Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) by (Genetic Algorithm) GA is introduced to describe the fuzzy mapping relation between the evaluation factor set (2625 index system) and evaluation grade set for the evaluation system of GM for auto makers. The evaluation result is also deduction with the given data of one national automaker, one Sino-Japan automaker and one Sino-US automaker.
The achievements of this paper have been sent to Changan automotive co.,LTD., which has been the important strategy reference of the company and also applied in the company preparatorily.
论文首先分析了汽车制造企业实施绿色制造的需求。然后,建立了中国汽车制造企业与世界知名汽车制造企业的Hotelling线性城市模型,刻画了模仿效率系数、规模经济效应因子,通过他们之间的关于市场份额的博弈分析,得出了中国汽车制造企业模仿创新的运作机理。以此作为战略基础,结合汽车制造企业制造模式发展趋势,论文提出了一种四层架构的汽车制造企业绿色制造模式,包括绿色制造模式支持系统层、汽车产品生命周期工程主线层、绿色制造过程目标层以及绿色制造最终目标层的螺旋闭环结构。该模式具有时间维度的无极化(From Cradle to Grave to Cradle)、空间维度的协调化、制造过程的清洁化、制造目标的集成化以及战略推进的渐进化的特征。
在绿色制造模式下,论文建立绿色制造模式支持系统的体系架构,并对于中的关键支持系统展开了研究:
①在分析绿色设计策略以及考察绿色设计的系统方法的基础上,论文建立了汽车制造企业的绿色设计系统的运行模式。该模式强调绿色研发设计的触发、绿色设计支持库以及绿色设计的评价和反馈机制;
②论文介绍了作者所在研究团队在制造资源优化运行支持系统研究中,通过绿色优化调度模型建立的绿色调度方法的研究成果;
③论文通过对于汽车制造过程中的资源及环境问题的识别,提出了清洁生产系统绿色化改造的解决方案;
④论文建立一种汽车产品生命终期管理系统模型。该模型强调从汽车生命终期工程中层层递进、逐层分解、反馈循环。通过对汽车零部件(原材料)的重用、再制造以及再生,实现最大程度的循环利用;
⑤论文建立了一个五层结构的面向绿色制造的信息系统框架模型,包括模型支撑层、应用引擎层、汽车生命周期工程主线层、协同展示层以及系统集成层。在此基础上,论文对于该模型的运行模式,基于RFID的数据采集、基于语义WEB服务的系统集成技术进行了研究;
⑥论文建立了一种基于遗传改进的BP人工神经网络评价模型,即绿色制造评价因数集(2625指标体系)与绿色制造评价等级集的模糊映射关系。通过对某民族汽车制造企业、某中日合资汽车制造企业以及某中美合资汽车制造企业的评价数据,实现了对于汽车制造企业绿色制造模式的评价。
论文以上研究成果层提交给在长安汽车股份有限公司,并得到了初步应用实践,成为了长安汽车公司近几年的重要战略参考。
The issue of resource and environment related to sustainable development strategy is the great challenge for human society in 21 century. Presently, China central government put forwards energy saving & omission reducing strategy considering the situation to ensure fast and healthy development of national economy. Automotive industry as one of the national pillar industries consumes a lot of resources and brings measurable environmental influence. How to introduce advanced manufacturing mode to meet the optimization of enterprises’profit and sustainable development of is the human society is the universal subject of all auto manufacturing enterprises.
Firstly, the pressing need to enforce Green Manufacturing (GM) is analyzed in the paper. And then, one kind of Hotelling Linear City Model of Chinese auto makers and world famous counterparties is built, which describes imitation coefficient and scale economy effect. With deduction of game theory, the mechanism of imitation & innovation strategy of Chinese auto makers is discovered. Based on the conclusion of the model, one four-layered GM mode for the auto makers is proposed in the paper with the developing trend of automotive manufacturing mode, which consists of supporting layer of GM, main auto product lifecycle engineering layer, process objectives layer of GM and final objectives layer of GM. The mode is featured with time from cradle to grave to cradle, coordination of huge space, cleaning in the whole process, multiple dimension of manufacturing targets and gradual strategy.
The paper mainly focuses on the supporting layer of GM, the architecture of which is given and key supporting systems are reseached:
①Based on the GM. The operation mode of green design for auto makers is developed after anglicizing the strategy and methods of green design. The start , the database, the evolution and feedback process is emphasized.
②The paper introduces the author’s team’s achievement of the green scheduling method based on green scheduling model for optimized manufacturing resource operation supporting system.
③Green reworking solutions is suggested based on identification of resource & environmental issues for clean production system.
④One kind of End lifecycle Vehicle Management Model is proposed in the paper, which emphasizes the gradual process, gradual dismantling and recycling for End Lifecycle Vehicle Management System(ELVMS). With the spare parts’s (raw material) reusing, remanufacturing and regeneration, the fullest extend possible recycling rate is enabled.
⑤One framework model of 5 layers is built for the information system for the auto makers based on GM, including model supporting layer, application engine layer, auto product lifecycle engineering layer, collaborative presentation layer and system integration layer. The key techniques of the model such as data collection based on RFID and integration technique based on Semantic web services are also researched.
⑥One kind of Evolutionary Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) by (Genetic Algorithm) GA is introduced to describe the fuzzy mapping relation between the evaluation factor set (2625 index system) and evaluation grade set for the evaluation system of GM for auto makers. The evaluation result is also deduction with the given data of one national automaker, one Sino-Japan automaker and one Sino-US automaker.
The achievements of this paper have been sent to Changan automotive co.,LTD., which has been the important strategy reference of the company and also applied in the company preparatorily.
引文
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