我国农业信息服务体系研究
摘要
进入21世纪,信息技术成为现代科技竞争的重要资源。在农业领域使用信息技术,逐步成为世界各国提高农业综合竞争实力的重要途径,农业信息化浪潮随之兴起。农业信息服务体系作为农业信息化进程中具有“战略”性支撑的资源要素,为农业信息化提供了各类服务保障。随着我国信息化进程的不断推进,农业信息服务体系已经初具雏形,各级政府部门在制定本地区中长期发展战略时都将建立和完善农业信息服务体系纳入到了区域发展规划当中。
但是,我国农业信息服务体系的发展仍不完善,存在着很多问题,如主体结构不完整、服务功能不明确,服务手段缺乏多样性。本文基于我国农业信息服务体系目前的发展概况和文献收集,运用系统分析、评价方法和优化理论,对我国农业信息服务体系的结构、功能、运行方式、运行机制和保障手段等内容进行了系统研究。具体包括以下几方面。
(1)采用回归分析方法,结合农业信息化指数对我国农业信息化与农业经济增长之间的关系进行了测算与预测。
(2)运用系统分析和比较归纳方法,研究和探讨了农业信息服务涵义和属性,提出并构建了农业信息服务体系的组织结构。
(3)从国家和地方两个层面建立农业信息服务体系的框架体系。
(4)运用无约束优化以及模糊神经网络方法建立体系的主体选择和功能优化模型,运用委托——代理机制、成本——效益分析等理论研究了我国农业信息服务体系的运行方式、运行机制和运行保障。采用抽样调查和统计分析评价方法对体系的运行效果进行了评价分析,运用DEA模型给出了农业信息服务体系运行效果评价的实际算例。
(5)以北京农业信息服务体系为例,通过分析其整体发展状况以及七个区县的农业信息服务体系建设情况,运用本文相关研究方法对其进行了实证分析。
(6)探讨了我国东、中、西部地区农业信息服务体系的发展重点,采用行业集中度指数对我国农业信息服务业的效益进行了评价和预测,提出了农业信息服务业的发展对策。
Stepping into 21~(st) century, information technology has been the important resource in the modern scientific and technology competition. Using information technology in the fields of agriculture also has become the necessary way for all countries to heighten the agricultural integrated competence in the world. So the tide of agricultural informatization is increasingly rising. Agricultural information service system is the strategic resource element in the course of informatization. It can provide all kinds of service safeguard that include technology. Agricultural information service system in our country has formed a rudiment. Many areas have made much progress. All levels of governments have bring the ways of forming agricultural information service system into the strategy planning when designing the middle and long-term developing strategy.But agricultural information service system in our country is not perfect yet, and has many problems. For example, the absence of main body's structure's integrity, service functions' definitude and service artifices' multiplicity. Based on our country's agricultural information service system developing survey and literature's gathering, the paper study the structure, function, running fashions, running mechanism and safeguard measures using systems analysis, optimizing method and estimation method.(1) Adopting time sequence analysis and agricultural informatization index, the paper measure and forecast the relationship between our country's agricultural informatization and agriculture economy's increase.(2) Using systematical analysis and comparing and inducing method, the paper discusses the conception and attributes of agricultural information service.(3) We give the construction of agricultural information service, and set up the whole framework from the two levels of country and locality.(4) The structure and function's optimization model of agricultural information service system is established using optimization without restrict and fuzzy neural network. Then the running fashions and mechanism is discussed by the way of trust-agent model and cost-benefit analysis. In the mean time, we adopt spot check and statistic to evaluate the running effect.(5) We take an example of Beijing agricultural information service system to give a demonstration analysis using relative methods.(6) Finally we discuss the developing stress and agricultural information service's benefits, and give the suggestions.
但是,我国农业信息服务体系的发展仍不完善,存在着很多问题,如主体结构不完整、服务功能不明确,服务手段缺乏多样性。本文基于我国农业信息服务体系目前的发展概况和文献收集,运用系统分析、评价方法和优化理论,对我国农业信息服务体系的结构、功能、运行方式、运行机制和保障手段等内容进行了系统研究。具体包括以下几方面。
(1)采用回归分析方法,结合农业信息化指数对我国农业信息化与农业经济增长之间的关系进行了测算与预测。
(2)运用系统分析和比较归纳方法,研究和探讨了农业信息服务涵义和属性,提出并构建了农业信息服务体系的组织结构。
(3)从国家和地方两个层面建立农业信息服务体系的框架体系。
(4)运用无约束优化以及模糊神经网络方法建立体系的主体选择和功能优化模型,运用委托——代理机制、成本——效益分析等理论研究了我国农业信息服务体系的运行方式、运行机制和运行保障。采用抽样调查和统计分析评价方法对体系的运行效果进行了评价分析,运用DEA模型给出了农业信息服务体系运行效果评价的实际算例。
(5)以北京农业信息服务体系为例,通过分析其整体发展状况以及七个区县的农业信息服务体系建设情况,运用本文相关研究方法对其进行了实证分析。
(6)探讨了我国东、中、西部地区农业信息服务体系的发展重点,采用行业集中度指数对我国农业信息服务业的效益进行了评价和预测,提出了农业信息服务业的发展对策。
Stepping into 21~(st) century, information technology has been the important resource in the modern scientific and technology competition. Using information technology in the fields of agriculture also has become the necessary way for all countries to heighten the agricultural integrated competence in the world. So the tide of agricultural informatization is increasingly rising. Agricultural information service system is the strategic resource element in the course of informatization. It can provide all kinds of service safeguard that include technology. Agricultural information service system in our country has formed a rudiment. Many areas have made much progress. All levels of governments have bring the ways of forming agricultural information service system into the strategy planning when designing the middle and long-term developing strategy.But agricultural information service system in our country is not perfect yet, and has many problems. For example, the absence of main body's structure's integrity, service functions' definitude and service artifices' multiplicity. Based on our country's agricultural information service system developing survey and literature's gathering, the paper study the structure, function, running fashions, running mechanism and safeguard measures using systems analysis, optimizing method and estimation method.(1) Adopting time sequence analysis and agricultural informatization index, the paper measure and forecast the relationship between our country's agricultural informatization and agriculture economy's increase.(2) Using systematical analysis and comparing and inducing method, the paper discusses the conception and attributes of agricultural information service.(3) We give the construction of agricultural information service, and set up the whole framework from the two levels of country and locality.(4) The structure and function's optimization model of agricultural information service system is established using optimization without restrict and fuzzy neural network. Then the running fashions and mechanism is discussed by the way of trust-agent model and cost-benefit analysis. In the mean time, we adopt spot check and statistic to evaluate the running effect.(5) We take an example of Beijing agricultural information service system to give a demonstration analysis using relative methods.(6) Finally we discuss the developing stress and agricultural information service's benefits, and give the suggestions.
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