论我国汽车生产企业的物流管理
摘要
物流管理产生于二战时期的军事后勤活动，半个多世纪以来，它在全球得到了蓬勃发展。在全球的生产企业里，供应链管理的复杂程度较之过去大为提高，并且物流理论和实践作为现代管理战略的重要组成部分，这一概念也已深入人心。
中国目前物流管理的理论与实践水平仍然停留在一个相对较低的层次，因此深入的研究物流管理在中国生产企业中的应用显得尤为重要和迫切。而汽车生产企业由于其生产过程十分复杂，并且在生产过程中集中了大量的人力和物力，因此在物流管理的研究上，一直都具有特殊的地位。
本文根据现代生产管理和供应链管理的理论和实践，对物流管理理论进行了详尽分析和评价。在对中外企业特别是中外汽车生产企业物流管理水平比较的基础上，分析了我国汽车制造行业的现状及不足，并在借鉴了国外先进的物流管理方法的前提下，提出了提高我国汽车生产企业物流管理水平的方法及对策。
本文重点对神龙汽车公司进行实例分析。该公司在建厂的初期就引进了雪铁龙公司先进的物流管理方法，包括运输管理、仓储管理、物流包装和工位安排、废弃物的处理，准时化生产等。在企业内部物流管理上，安排合理，生产效率较高，处于国内领先水平。但从现代物流管理理论来看，神龙公司仍存在着与客户缺乏沟通，生产预测不够准确以及信息技术没有充分运用等不足。本文结合神龙汽车公司实际情况和欧洲先进的物流管理方法，提出了应该从客户角度考虑问题，广泛应用新的信息技术，加强企业内和企业间的合作等解决方案。
相信这篇论文对我国汽车行业物流管理水平的提高，乃至其它各领域物流管理的发展将会有一定的借鉴意义。
Logistics Management originated from the military logistics activities of World War II half a century ago. It has been developing vigorously in the world and showing great power in many fields. Recent trends in global production have both increased supply chain complexity and reinforced the notion that logistics theories and practices are essential elements of business strategy.
However, in China logistics management theories and practices still stay at a relatively low level. So, it is very necessary and urgent to have further study on logistics management. The Automotive Corporations always have special status in logistics management for their complexities. The manufacture companies are in such kind of field, which concentrate large quantities capital, raw materials and people.
In this paper, according to the modern production management and supply chain management theories and practices, the logistics management is analyzed and evaluated at length. On the basis of comparison of logistics management between Chinese and foreign enterprises, especially the automobile manufacturing corporations, this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of Chinese manufacturing corporations and proposes methods and countermeasures to improve automobile manufacturing corporations' logistics management level in China.
The case study of Dongfeng-Citroen Automobile Corporation Ltd. (DCAC) is a very important part of this paper. At the very beginning of DCAC's creation, it adhibits the developed logistics management methods of Citroen Automobile Corporation. These methods include transportation management, storage management, the logistics package and workstation implement, the deposition of rejectamenta and the elaborate manufacturing logistics in DCAC, etc. In the aspect of internal logistics management, DCAC arranges pretty well and has very high productivity. However, from the theories of modern logistics management, DCAC still has many problems in fields such as good communication with its customers, precise production forecast and use of high information technologies. According to the situation of DCAC and modern logistics management methods in Europe countries, this paper puts forward solution to its problems, which includes considering problems from the sight of customers, applying new information technologies broadly and enhancing cooperation within and between firms, etc.
The paper is believed to offer some useful reference to the development of logistics management in China, not only to the automobile manufacturing corporations, but the enterprises in other fields.
中国目前物流管理的理论与实践水平仍然停留在一个相对较低的层次，因此深入的研究物流管理在中国生产企业中的应用显得尤为重要和迫切。而汽车生产企业由于其生产过程十分复杂，并且在生产过程中集中了大量的人力和物力，因此在物流管理的研究上，一直都具有特殊的地位。
本文根据现代生产管理和供应链管理的理论和实践，对物流管理理论进行了详尽分析和评价。在对中外企业特别是中外汽车生产企业物流管理水平比较的基础上，分析了我国汽车制造行业的现状及不足，并在借鉴了国外先进的物流管理方法的前提下，提出了提高我国汽车生产企业物流管理水平的方法及对策。
本文重点对神龙汽车公司进行实例分析。该公司在建厂的初期就引进了雪铁龙公司先进的物流管理方法，包括运输管理、仓储管理、物流包装和工位安排、废弃物的处理，准时化生产等。在企业内部物流管理上，安排合理，生产效率较高，处于国内领先水平。但从现代物流管理理论来看，神龙公司仍存在着与客户缺乏沟通，生产预测不够准确以及信息技术没有充分运用等不足。本文结合神龙汽车公司实际情况和欧洲先进的物流管理方法，提出了应该从客户角度考虑问题，广泛应用新的信息技术，加强企业内和企业间的合作等解决方案。
相信这篇论文对我国汽车行业物流管理水平的提高，乃至其它各领域物流管理的发展将会有一定的借鉴意义。
Logistics Management originated from the military logistics activities of World War II half a century ago. It has been developing vigorously in the world and showing great power in many fields. Recent trends in global production have both increased supply chain complexity and reinforced the notion that logistics theories and practices are essential elements of business strategy.
However, in China logistics management theories and practices still stay at a relatively low level. So, it is very necessary and urgent to have further study on logistics management. The Automotive Corporations always have special status in logistics management for their complexities. The manufacture companies are in such kind of field, which concentrate large quantities capital, raw materials and people.
In this paper, according to the modern production management and supply chain management theories and practices, the logistics management is analyzed and evaluated at length. On the basis of comparison of logistics management between Chinese and foreign enterprises, especially the automobile manufacturing corporations, this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of Chinese manufacturing corporations and proposes methods and countermeasures to improve automobile manufacturing corporations' logistics management level in China.
The case study of Dongfeng-Citroen Automobile Corporation Ltd. (DCAC) is a very important part of this paper. At the very beginning of DCAC's creation, it adhibits the developed logistics management methods of Citroen Automobile Corporation. These methods include transportation management, storage management, the logistics package and workstation implement, the deposition of rejectamenta and the elaborate manufacturing logistics in DCAC, etc. In the aspect of internal logistics management, DCAC arranges pretty well and has very high productivity. However, from the theories of modern logistics management, DCAC still has many problems in fields such as good communication with its customers, precise production forecast and use of high information technologies. According to the situation of DCAC and modern logistics management methods in Europe countries, this paper puts forward solution to its problems, which includes considering problems from the sight of customers, applying new information technologies broadly and enhancing cooperation within and between firms, etc.
The paper is believed to offer some useful reference to the development of logistics management in China, not only to the automobile manufacturing corporations, but the enterprises in other fields.
引文
[1] Amit Basu, Information Systems Research, Providence; Mar. 2000
[2] Andersen Consulting Cranfield University. "Reconfiguring European Logistics Systems. CLM, 1993
[3] Ayres,R. ,Butcher,D. "The Flexible Factory Revisited". American Scientist, v81, 1993
[4] Ballou,R. Business Logistics Management. Prentice-Hall, NJ, 1999
[5] Bullock, A. "Fast response: Which system Will Suit Your Business Best?" Works Management 48, no. 10, October 1995, 24-27．
[6] Bylinsky,G. "The Digital Factory". Fortune, Nov. 1994
[7] Christopher,M. Logistics and Supply Chain Management, New York, 1994
[8] Cooper,J. European Logistics. Blackwell, 1997
[9] Cusumano,M. "The Limits of Lean." Sloan Management Review. Summer, 1994
[10] D.Ford, "Benchmarking HRD," Training & Development 47, 1998
[11] Evans, J.R., W.M. Lindsay. The Management and Control of Quality, West Publishing 1993
[12] Foster,T. "21st Century Logistics: in Europe, 3PL rule". Logistics Management and Distribution Report, 1999
[13] Foster,T. " Eight steps to a European Logistics Strategy" . April, 2000
[14] Gary A Mintchell ,Technology trends for the new millennium, Automotive Plastics, Dearborn; Dec 2000; Vol. 58, Iss. 6; pg. 16, 9 pgs
[15] Gooley,T. " Pan-European logistics: Fact of fiction?". March, 1999
[16] Gooley,T. "Latin American Logistics". April, 2001
Master's Degree Thesis of Wuhan University of Technology
[17] Gordon Wright, Lean construction boosts productivity, Building Design & Construction, Chicago; Dec 2000
[18] Hammer,M. "Reengineering Work". Harvard Business Review, 1990
[19] Hayes,R., Jaikumar,R. "Manufacturing's Crisis: New Technologies, Obsolete organizations." Harvard Business Review, Sep.-Oct. 1988
[20] Hayes,R., Wheelright,S. "Link Manufacturing Proces and Product Life Cycles". Harvard Business Review, Jan.-Feb. 1979
[21] Heinritz, S., P.V. Farrell, L. Giunipero, and M. Kolchin. Purchasing Principles and Applications, 8th ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1991．
[22] Hong-Sen Yan; Computers & Industrial Engineering, New York; Dec 2000
[23] Iacocca, L., and W. Novail.Iacocca: An Autobiography. New York: Bantam Books, 1984．
[24] Irwin, Homewood, Production and Operations Analysis, 1997
[25] J.Walker, Human Resource Strategy, 1992
[26] Jim Lewis, It's not easy being 'lean', Upholstery Design & Management, Des Plaines; Sep. 1997
[27] Jockel,O. "Virtual Logistics". Logistics Europe, 1999
[28] John E Ettlie; Automotive Manufacturing & Production, Cincinnati; Jan. 2000
[29] Lambert, D.M., J.R. Stock. Strategic Logistics Management, 1993
[30] Lambert, Douglas M., Margaret A. Emmelhainz and John T. Gardner, "Developing and Implementing Supply Chain Partnerships," International Journal of Logistics Management, 1996
[31] Landry, S., S. Chausse, C.R. Duguay, and J.-L. Themens. "Integrating
MRP, Kanban and Bar Coding Systems to Achieve JIT Procurement: The Case of an Auto Parts Manufacturer." Production and Inventory Management Journal, 1997
[32] Manuela P Perez; Lean production and supplier relations: Technovation, Amsterdam; Dec. 1999
[33] R.Schuler, "Strategic Human Resources Management: Linking the People with the Strategic Needs of the Business," Organizational Dynamics 21,1992
[34] Richard Bourke; Computer-Aided Engineering, Cleveland; Oct. 1999
[35] S.Overman, "In Search of Best Practices," HRMagazine, 1997
[36] Schmenner,R. "The Spectrum of Manufacturing and Services", in Plant and Service Tours in Operations Management, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1997
[37] Shingo,S. A revolution in manufacturing: The SMED system. Productivity Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1985
[38] Siekman,P. "How a Tighter Supply Chain extends the enterprise". Fortune, 1999
[39] Stock,J. and Lambert,M. Strategic Logistic Management. Irwin Press, 1993
[40] Taylor,D. "Global Cases in Logistics and Supply Chain Management". Thomson Press, 1997
[41] Upton,D. "What really makes factories flexible?", Harvard Business Review, Jul.-Aug. 1995
[42] Vollman,T., Berry,W., Whybark,D. Manufacturing Planning and Control. Irwin, 1997
[43] Wantuck, K.A. Just In Time for America. Southfield, Michigan: KWA
Media, 1996．
[44] Womack,J. ,Jones,D. Lean Thinking. Simon and Schuster, New York, 1996
[45] Zipkin,P. "Does Manufacturing needs a JIT Revolution?". Harvard Business review, Jan.-Feb. 1991
[46] Zubrod, J. "How important is local culture to global logistics?" Transportation & Distribution, 1996 Web Site www.economist.com www.toyota.com www.gm.com www.dcac.com www.autoinfo.com www.cloexpress.com www. manufacturing, net www.logisticsmgmt.com www.supplychain-forum.com
[2] Andersen Consulting Cranfield University. "Reconfiguring European Logistics Systems. CLM, 1993
[3] Ayres,R. ,Butcher,D. "The Flexible Factory Revisited". American Scientist, v81, 1993
[4] Ballou,R. Business Logistics Management. Prentice-Hall, NJ, 1999
[5] Bullock, A. "Fast response: Which system Will Suit Your Business Best?" Works Management 48, no. 10, October 1995, 24-27．
[6] Bylinsky,G. "The Digital Factory". Fortune, Nov. 1994
[7] Christopher,M. Logistics and Supply Chain Management, New York, 1994
[8] Cooper,J. European Logistics. Blackwell, 1997
[9] Cusumano,M. "The Limits of Lean." Sloan Management Review. Summer, 1994
[10] D.Ford, "Benchmarking HRD," Training & Development 47, 1998
[11] Evans, J.R., W.M. Lindsay. The Management and Control of Quality, West Publishing 1993
[12] Foster,T. "21st Century Logistics: in Europe, 3PL rule". Logistics Management and Distribution Report, 1999
[13] Foster,T. " Eight steps to a European Logistics Strategy" . April, 2000
[14] Gary A Mintchell ,Technology trends for the new millennium, Automotive Plastics, Dearborn; Dec 2000; Vol. 58, Iss. 6; pg. 16, 9 pgs
[15] Gooley,T. " Pan-European logistics: Fact of fiction?". March, 1999
[16] Gooley,T. "Latin American Logistics". April, 2001
Master's Degree Thesis of Wuhan University of Technology
[17] Gordon Wright, Lean construction boosts productivity, Building Design & Construction, Chicago; Dec 2000
[18] Hammer,M. "Reengineering Work". Harvard Business Review, 1990
[19] Hayes,R., Jaikumar,R. "Manufacturing's Crisis: New Technologies, Obsolete organizations." Harvard Business Review, Sep.-Oct. 1988
[20] Hayes,R., Wheelright,S. "Link Manufacturing Proces and Product Life Cycles". Harvard Business Review, Jan.-Feb. 1979
[21] Heinritz, S., P.V. Farrell, L. Giunipero, and M. Kolchin. Purchasing Principles and Applications, 8th ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1991．
[22] Hong-Sen Yan; Computers & Industrial Engineering, New York; Dec 2000
[23] Iacocca, L., and W. Novail.Iacocca: An Autobiography. New York: Bantam Books, 1984．
[24] Irwin, Homewood, Production and Operations Analysis, 1997
[25] J.Walker, Human Resource Strategy, 1992
[26] Jim Lewis, It's not easy being 'lean', Upholstery Design & Management, Des Plaines; Sep. 1997
[27] Jockel,O. "Virtual Logistics". Logistics Europe, 1999
[28] John E Ettlie; Automotive Manufacturing & Production, Cincinnati; Jan. 2000
[29] Lambert, D.M., J.R. Stock. Strategic Logistics Management, 1993
[30] Lambert, Douglas M., Margaret A. Emmelhainz and John T. Gardner, "Developing and Implementing Supply Chain Partnerships," International Journal of Logistics Management, 1996
[31] Landry, S., S. Chausse, C.R. Duguay, and J.-L. Themens. "Integrating
MRP, Kanban and Bar Coding Systems to Achieve JIT Procurement: The Case of an Auto Parts Manufacturer." Production and Inventory Management Journal, 1997
[32] Manuela P Perez; Lean production and supplier relations: Technovation, Amsterdam; Dec. 1999
[33] R.Schuler, "Strategic Human Resources Management: Linking the People with the Strategic Needs of the Business," Organizational Dynamics 21,1992
[34] Richard Bourke; Computer-Aided Engineering, Cleveland; Oct. 1999
[35] S.Overman, "In Search of Best Practices," HRMagazine, 1997
[36] Schmenner,R. "The Spectrum of Manufacturing and Services", in Plant and Service Tours in Operations Management, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1997
[37] Shingo,S. A revolution in manufacturing: The SMED system. Productivity Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1985
[38] Siekman,P. "How a Tighter Supply Chain extends the enterprise". Fortune, 1999
[39] Stock,J. and Lambert,M. Strategic Logistic Management. Irwin Press, 1993
[40] Taylor,D. "Global Cases in Logistics and Supply Chain Management". Thomson Press, 1997
[41] Upton,D. "What really makes factories flexible?", Harvard Business Review, Jul.-Aug. 1995
[42] Vollman,T., Berry,W., Whybark,D. Manufacturing Planning and Control. Irwin, 1997
[43] Wantuck, K.A. Just In Time for America. Southfield, Michigan: KWA
Media, 1996．
[44] Womack,J. ,Jones,D. Lean Thinking. Simon and Schuster, New York, 1996
[45] Zipkin,P. "Does Manufacturing needs a JIT Revolution?". Harvard Business review, Jan.-Feb. 1991
[46] Zubrod, J. "How important is local culture to global logistics?" Transportation & Distribution, 1996 Web Site www.economist.com www.toyota.com www.gm.com www.dcac.com www.autoinfo.com www.cloexpress.com www. manufacturing, net www.logisticsmgmt.com www.supplychain-forum.com