连拱隧道动态施工力学效应分析及优化
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摘要
连拱隧道具有占地面积少,线形顺畅和桥隧衔接好等优点,在实际工程中得到了广泛应用。但是,连拱隧道跨度大,高跨比小,施工工序繁多,对围岩多次扰动,隧道受力特性复杂。因此,全面了解和掌握连拱隧道动态施工力学特性,优化连拱隧道动态施工效应,对连拱隧道的设计和施工具有重要意义。
本文依托陈家桥隧道工程,结合当前国内外对连拱隧道的研究特点以及连拱隧道施工方法现状,应用有限元软件MIDAS/GTS对不同围岩条件和不同施工方法下连拱隧道的施工力学过程进行三维有限元分析,并结合隧道施工现场的监控量测,研究复杂工序下连拱隧道的受力特性,并对施工过程进行优化分析。主要研究内容包括:
1.分别建立了连拱隧道Ⅲ级围岩段中导洞-上下台阶法和中导洞-全断面法,Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩段三导洞法开挖的三维动态施工全过程弹塑性模型,研究了不同围岩条件下典型开挖阶段围岩及支护结构受力特性。
2.对陈家桥隧道的现场监控量测资料进行了分析,并与开挖模拟的数据进行了对比,验证了数值模拟的可靠性。
3.分析了Ⅲ级围岩条件下隧道掌子面与初次支护结构的合理距离问题,进一步探讨了不同围岩条件下单洞开挖过程中的空间效应以及左右洞相互影响问题,得出单洞工作面间的合理间距以及左右洞工作面间的合理间距。
Multi-arch tunnel is widely used in practice because of its advantages of small area of project, the flowing line and good connection between the tunnel and bridge. However, owing to its large span, small ratio of its altitude and span, complicated procedure of construction and repeated disturbance to surrouding rock, its characteristics are very complex during the different excavating stages. Therefore, it is significant to know and understand the mechanical characteristics of excavating and supporting as well as to optimize the process of construction for the design and construction of the multi-arch tunnel.
Relying on Chenjiaqiao tunnel project, the construction process of tunnel under different surronding rock conditions and various construction methods has been analyzed with 3D FEM analysis of MIDAS/GTS program, combined with the study of the characteristics and the current construction methods of multi-arch tunnel in dometic and abroad.The mechanic behavior problems under complex construction process has been studied. The construction process has also been optimized by the analysis of the monitoring measured data. The main contents of the research in this paper as follows:
1. The 3D elastoplastic model of multi-arch tunnel has been set up, which contains gradeⅢ,ⅣandⅤsurrouding rock, in gradeⅢsurrouding rock with such two methods as middle-pilot-and-half-section and middle-pilot-and-full-section, in gradeⅣandⅤsurrouding rock with such a method as three-pilot. The stress of the surrouding rock and supporting structure in typical excavation stage under these three excavation methods has been simulated and analyzed.
2. The monitoring data in Chenjiaqiao tunnel has been analyzed and it has been compared with the simulated data.The results show that the numerical simulation is reliable.
3. The reasonable distance between preliminary support and excavation face in gradeⅢsurrouding rock has been analyzed. The space effect during the tunnel construction and the transaction between the left hole and the right hole have also been analyzed. In the end, the reasonable distance of working face in one hole and between the left hole and right hole has been listed.
本文依托陈家桥隧道工程,结合当前国内外对连拱隧道的研究特点以及连拱隧道施工方法现状,应用有限元软件MIDAS/GTS对不同围岩条件和不同施工方法下连拱隧道的施工力学过程进行三维有限元分析,并结合隧道施工现场的监控量测,研究复杂工序下连拱隧道的受力特性,并对施工过程进行优化分析。主要研究内容包括:
1.分别建立了连拱隧道Ⅲ级围岩段中导洞-上下台阶法和中导洞-全断面法,Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩段三导洞法开挖的三维动态施工全过程弹塑性模型,研究了不同围岩条件下典型开挖阶段围岩及支护结构受力特性。
2.对陈家桥隧道的现场监控量测资料进行了分析,并与开挖模拟的数据进行了对比,验证了数值模拟的可靠性。
3.分析了Ⅲ级围岩条件下隧道掌子面与初次支护结构的合理距离问题,进一步探讨了不同围岩条件下单洞开挖过程中的空间效应以及左右洞相互影响问题,得出单洞工作面间的合理间距以及左右洞工作面间的合理间距。
Multi-arch tunnel is widely used in practice because of its advantages of small area of project, the flowing line and good connection between the tunnel and bridge. However, owing to its large span, small ratio of its altitude and span, complicated procedure of construction and repeated disturbance to surrouding rock, its characteristics are very complex during the different excavating stages. Therefore, it is significant to know and understand the mechanical characteristics of excavating and supporting as well as to optimize the process of construction for the design and construction of the multi-arch tunnel.
Relying on Chenjiaqiao tunnel project, the construction process of tunnel under different surronding rock conditions and various construction methods has been analyzed with 3D FEM analysis of MIDAS/GTS program, combined with the study of the characteristics and the current construction methods of multi-arch tunnel in dometic and abroad.The mechanic behavior problems under complex construction process has been studied. The construction process has also been optimized by the analysis of the monitoring measured data. The main contents of the research in this paper as follows:
1. The 3D elastoplastic model of multi-arch tunnel has been set up, which contains gradeⅢ,ⅣandⅤsurrouding rock, in gradeⅢsurrouding rock with such two methods as middle-pilot-and-half-section and middle-pilot-and-full-section, in gradeⅣandⅤsurrouding rock with such a method as three-pilot. The stress of the surrouding rock and supporting structure in typical excavation stage under these three excavation methods has been simulated and analyzed.
2. The monitoring data in Chenjiaqiao tunnel has been analyzed and it has been compared with the simulated data.The results show that the numerical simulation is reliable.
3. The reasonable distance between preliminary support and excavation face in gradeⅢsurrouding rock has been analyzed. The space effect during the tunnel construction and the transaction between the left hole and the right hole have also been analyzed. In the end, the reasonable distance of working face in one hole and between the left hole and right hole has been listed.
引文
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[12] 周玉宏,赵艳明.偏压连拱隧道施工过程的优化研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):679-683
[13] 吴梦军,连晋兴,黄伦海等. 双连拱公路隧道支护结构体系试验研究.地下空间,2004,24(4):461-464
[14] 申玉生,赵玉光,高红兵.连拱隧道结构内力样式的模型试验研究及有限元分析.现代隧道技术,2005,42(1):6-10
[15] 王戍平.破碎围岩隧道的模拟试验研究:[浙江大学博士学位论文] .浙江杭州,2004.5
[16] 陈秋南. 非对称连拱隧道动态施工力学模拟研究:[重庆大学博士学位论文] .重庆,2005.5
[17] 朱汉华,傅鹤林,潘明军等. 连拱隧道设计施工与实践.第一届全国公路科 技创新高层论坛论文集公路设计与施工卷,2002
[18] 朱汉华,傅鹤林,潘明军等.连拱隧道设计施工与实践.第一届全国公路科技创新高层论坛论文集公路设计与施工卷,2002
[19] 马建宏.隧道新奥法施工的空间效应分析.西部探矿工程,2005 (3):120-121
[20] 吴祥松.连拱隧道施工过程中的时空效应分析及预测.西部探矿工程,2007 (6):138-142
[21] 夏永旭,王文正.围岩应力释放率对双联拱隧道施工影响分析.现代隧道技术,2005,42(3):001-004
[22] 刘 涛,沈明荣,高伟君等.连拱隧道围岩压力的释放率分析.地下空间与工程学报.2007,3(1):50-54
[23] 孙海涛.隧道支护时机智能决策方法研究.重庆建筑大学学报,2007,29(3):78-83
[24] 樊凯.浅埋暗挖隧道开挖引起地层变位时空效应研究:[华中科技大学硕士学位论文] .湖北武汉,2005.5
[25] 刘庭金,朱合华,夏才初等.云南省连拱隧道衬砌开裂和渗漏水调查结果及分析.中国公路学报,2004,17(2):64-67
[26] 刘庭金,朱合华.偏压连拱隧道病害分析及治理措施.中国公路学报,2005,18(4):72-77
[27] 王文正.公路双连拱隧道开挖方法及施工过程数值模拟研究:[长安大学硕士学位论文] .陕西西安,2003.5
[28] 潘昌实.隧道力学数值方法.北京,中国铁道出版社,1995
[29] 朱合华.边界元法及其在岩土工程中的应用.上海:同济大学出版社,1996
[30] 王瑁成.有限单元法.北京,清华大学出版社,2003
[31] Fathalla EL-Nahhas,Farouk EL-kadiand Ali Ahmed. International of Tunnel Linings and Soft Groud,Tunneling and Undergroud Space Technology, 1992, 7(1),3334.
[32] Pan X.D&Hudson J.A.,technical note,plane strain analysis in modeling three dimensional tunnel excavation,Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.1998.
[33] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路隧道设计规范(JTG D70-2004).北京,2004
[34] 北京迈达斯技术有限公司.MIDAS/GTS 使用手册.北京,2007
[35] 张兵兵.连拱隧道施工工序动态模拟及施工监控监测技术研究:[武汉理工大学硕士学位论文] .湖北武汉,2005.5
[36] 司铁汉.考虑卸荷效应的大跨径隧道围岩稳定性分析:[长沙理工大学硕士学位论文] .湖北武汉,2006.4
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