坡缕石纳米在PF复合中的分散问题及其对摩擦制动件性能的影响
摘要
随着社会的发展和进步,生产领域对机械装置、交通运输工具等的速度、负荷和安全性要求越来越高,因此对运转机械的制动材料的使用要求也越来越高。摩擦制动材料中的基体树脂的性能对其性能具有重要影响,本文就摩擦制动材料的酚醛基体树脂(PF)的纳米复合改性技术中纳米粒子分散这一关键问题进行了研究,获得较佳的分散工艺及其参数,提高了摩擦制动件的高温摩擦磨损性能。
本研究使用的坡缕石矿物有着优良的物理化学性能,其纳米制备以及分散在摩擦PF中能够起到对树脂改性的作用,能够提高树脂的抗热衰退性能,坡缕石纳米分散均匀的PF树脂耐热性获得显著提高其摩擦磨损性能得到大幅改善。
本文介绍了通过实验研究,所制定的坡缕石矿物纳米制备的合理工艺方案:干-湿法球磨,得到纳米化率较高的球状或短针状的纳米粒子。
针对坡缕石特殊的晶体结构,研究出利用硅烷偶联剂对坡缕石纳米粒子表面进行修饰改性的工艺,使纳米坡缕石和硅烷偶联剂形成化学键连接,获得有利于同酚醛树脂结合的聚合体。通过对照实验得出合理的修饰改性工艺参数。
另外,本文还进一步研究了利用超声波的“空化作用”在PF合成的某阶段适时对坡缕石纳米颗粒进行分散的效果,得出合适的超声分散工艺参数,获得最佳的分散效果。通过TEM表征分析,可以看出对坡缕石纳米表面进行修饰后添加至PF所得到的树脂以及采用超声波分散的树脂均比未作任何分散处理添加纳米的树脂分散性要高,故而同时采用表面修饰和超声波作用两种方法可获得纳米较好的分散效果。
本文利用不同分散状况的纳米复合PF制备的摩擦制动带在定速摩擦磨损实验机上进行对比测试实验,获得相关的摩擦磨损性能数据。通过对比分析结果为:经过纳米复合改性PF树脂所获得的抗热衰退性能提高,且磨损率降低;分散状况较好的PF树脂所制备出的摩擦制动带的抗热衰退性能提高,且磨损率降低。
With the development of economic, higher speed, more load and better security of transport and other machines are required in morden industry. Friction materials for brake system should be designed to maintain stable and reliable friction force at wide ranges of pedal pressure, vehicle speed, temperature and others. Matrix resin performance is a major impact for materials of Brake. This paper concentrates upon improving the phenolic resin that is base of the brake by nano-materials modifying. It is a key point for nano-material diepersed in PF. The process performances were stuied in this paper, also brake friction and wear properties is improved in high temperature.
Palygorskite mineral have excellent properties in physical and chemical. Nano-Palygorskite dispersing in PF uniformly can improve the PF that will be given better friction performances just like heat resistant, anti-wear and so on, those performances are need in brake.
To get the proper process about making nano-palygorskite material, comparison experiments were used dry, wet and dry-wet milling process. And results show that the dry-wet milling process received nano-particles that like ball and shot needles, also its nano-rate is higher than others.
Palygorskite has special crystal structure that contains many hydroxyls. KH550-a kind of silane coupling agent was used to connect with nano- palygorskite that contain many hydroxyls in its surface. So palygorskite nanoparticles surface was modified by KH550, they linked with chemical bond. This construction will improve combination with polymer resin. Reasonable modifications of parameters were received in this paper.
Ultrasonic has been used for dispersing the nano-palygoskite in PF system. Change process parameters, and then obtain the best dispersed parameters. Later test with TEM shown that the nano-palygorskite was scattered well under both modified and ultrasonic. So palygorskite nanoparticles can be distributed fairly well under surface modified and ultrasonic.
Sever pieces of brake were made by different methods of modified PF in the experiments. Then those brake tests were carried out, access to relevant friction and wear performance. Through comparative analysis, the results are shown: modified PF obtained better performances of the heat resistant and wear rate, also dispersion of different PF prepared for the friction brake-received by the friction and wear properties are differences, palygorskite Nano-dispersion of good friction brake performance and recession-resistant, and wear rates lower.
本研究使用的坡缕石矿物有着优良的物理化学性能,其纳米制备以及分散在摩擦PF中能够起到对树脂改性的作用,能够提高树脂的抗热衰退性能,坡缕石纳米分散均匀的PF树脂耐热性获得显著提高其摩擦磨损性能得到大幅改善。
本文介绍了通过实验研究,所制定的坡缕石矿物纳米制备的合理工艺方案:干-湿法球磨,得到纳米化率较高的球状或短针状的纳米粒子。
针对坡缕石特殊的晶体结构,研究出利用硅烷偶联剂对坡缕石纳米粒子表面进行修饰改性的工艺,使纳米坡缕石和硅烷偶联剂形成化学键连接,获得有利于同酚醛树脂结合的聚合体。通过对照实验得出合理的修饰改性工艺参数。
另外,本文还进一步研究了利用超声波的“空化作用”在PF合成的某阶段适时对坡缕石纳米颗粒进行分散的效果,得出合适的超声分散工艺参数,获得最佳的分散效果。通过TEM表征分析,可以看出对坡缕石纳米表面进行修饰后添加至PF所得到的树脂以及采用超声波分散的树脂均比未作任何分散处理添加纳米的树脂分散性要高,故而同时采用表面修饰和超声波作用两种方法可获得纳米较好的分散效果。
本文利用不同分散状况的纳米复合PF制备的摩擦制动带在定速摩擦磨损实验机上进行对比测试实验,获得相关的摩擦磨损性能数据。通过对比分析结果为:经过纳米复合改性PF树脂所获得的抗热衰退性能提高,且磨损率降低;分散状况较好的PF树脂所制备出的摩擦制动带的抗热衰退性能提高,且磨损率降低。
With the development of economic, higher speed, more load and better security of transport and other machines are required in morden industry. Friction materials for brake system should be designed to maintain stable and reliable friction force at wide ranges of pedal pressure, vehicle speed, temperature and others. Matrix resin performance is a major impact for materials of Brake. This paper concentrates upon improving the phenolic resin that is base of the brake by nano-materials modifying. It is a key point for nano-material diepersed in PF. The process performances were stuied in this paper, also brake friction and wear properties is improved in high temperature.
Palygorskite mineral have excellent properties in physical and chemical. Nano-Palygorskite dispersing in PF uniformly can improve the PF that will be given better friction performances just like heat resistant, anti-wear and so on, those performances are need in brake.
To get the proper process about making nano-palygorskite material, comparison experiments were used dry, wet and dry-wet milling process. And results show that the dry-wet milling process received nano-particles that like ball and shot needles, also its nano-rate is higher than others.
Palygorskite has special crystal structure that contains many hydroxyls. KH550-a kind of silane coupling agent was used to connect with nano- palygorskite that contain many hydroxyls in its surface. So palygorskite nanoparticles surface was modified by KH550, they linked with chemical bond. This construction will improve combination with polymer resin. Reasonable modifications of parameters were received in this paper.
Ultrasonic has been used for dispersing the nano-palygoskite in PF system. Change process parameters, and then obtain the best dispersed parameters. Later test with TEM shown that the nano-palygorskite was scattered well under both modified and ultrasonic. So palygorskite nanoparticles can be distributed fairly well under surface modified and ultrasonic.
Sever pieces of brake were made by different methods of modified PF in the experiments. Then those brake tests were carried out, access to relevant friction and wear performance. Through comparative analysis, the results are shown: modified PF obtained better performances of the heat resistant and wear rate, also dispersion of different PF prepared for the friction brake-received by the friction and wear properties are differences, palygorskite Nano-dispersion of good friction brake performance and recession-resistant, and wear rates lower.
引文
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