中国政策性农业保险立法问题研究
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摘要
目前,我国正处于继续推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、全面建设小康社会的进程中,农业和农村发展仍然处在艰难的爬坡阶段,自然灾害频发且损失严重,农业环境相当脆弱,农业产业总体上弱质性非常明显。正是这样严峻的现实,带来了加快发展我国政策性农业保险的迫切需求。农业保险作为现代农业风险管理的有效手段,在保证农业生产、稳定农村经济、保障农民收益等方面发挥着重要作用,对于推进社会主义新农村建设、促进农村经济社会全面进步、构建社会主义和谐社会都具有非常重大的意义。
基于农业保险对国家政策性扶持及其法律保障的需求,政策性农业保险立法的进展工作也备受关注和期待。2007年1月,《政策性农业保险条例》被列入国务院2007年立法计划,由中国保监会负责起草。2007年5月24日至25日,中国保监会在北京召开《政策性农业保险条例》立法研讨会,国务院法制办、中农办、国家发改委、财政部、农业部、民政部等立法成员单位均参加了会议。伴随着政策性农业保险立法工作的正式启动,政策性农业保险立法也日益成为理论界广泛关注和研究的焦点。但是,在关于政策性农业保险立法的诸多理论探讨中,人们对于“法”的应用学说的关注程度远远超过对“立”本身的关注,在很大程度上忽略了对理想规范转化为现实法律的过程的分析。事实上,立法并不是立法者仅基于理性而进行的制度设计过程,更不是一个简单的法律规范的供给过程,而是一个政治、经济和社会诸种要素互动的复杂过程。与其说立法是一种专门的技术工作,毋宁说它是一种重大的社会抉择,是关于社会基本价值选择、社会中相互冲突的诸利益协调的重要活动。因此,现阶段,深入研究政策性农业保险立法问题具有重要的理论与实践意义。
对于中国政策性农业保险立法问题的研究是一项全新的探索。无论是从研究结构的全面性、研究内容的深入性,还是从研究结论的指导性来看,本课题都是一次创新性的研究。本文科学界定了政策性农业保险立法的内涵、特征及本质,力求在政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式以及政策性农业保险法的内容构想等方面进行创新。本文的研究在理论上有利于引起对政策性农业保险立法问题的重视,推动政策性农业保险立法理论研究的深入,为政策性农业保险立法研究提供理论上的思路和建议;在实践上有利于推进我国政策性农业保险立法进程,为政策性农业保险发展提供法律依据和保障,促进“三农”问题的解决。
本文以农业经济学、制度经济学和法学为理论基础,以马克思主义立法学思想为指导,全面研究我国政策性农业保险立法问题。采用历史分析与现实结合的方法对我国政策性农业保险立法的历史回顾、现状及立法缺失的原因进行了深入的分析;采用演绎和归纳相结合的方法,通过对我国政策性农业保险立法的必要性和可行性的分析,得出我国现在己经具备进行政策性农业保险立法的现实基础、应该正式启动政策性农业保险立法进程的结论;采用比较研究与综合分析相结合的方法,对美国、加拿大、日本及菲律宾等典型国家的政策性农业保险立法的背景、内容及其变化进行了有针对性地比较与分析,总结出各国政策性农业保险立法的共同特点,以其对我国政策性农业保险立法提供借鉴和启示;采用规范研究与实证研究相结合的方法,运用制度变迁理论、公共选择理论、马克思主义法学理论等基本理论分析了法律供给与法律需求的辩证关系及政策性农业保险立法的法理价值与实践意义,解决政策性农业保险立法的“应然”问题,同时,开展相关实践活动,了解政策性农业保险对法律保障的需求,并结合我国具体国情进行制度设计,解决政策性农业保险立法的“实然”问题,从而将规范研究与实证研究紧密结合。总之,马克思主义法学的基本原理表明,法律的制定和实施总是或者说必然地受到社会、经济、心理、历史、文化以及价值判断等各种因素的影响和制约,因此,立法研究必须重视法律与这些因素之间的相互关系。这是本文认识和研究政策性农业保险立法问题的基本方法和态度。
全文共分10章:
第一章为引言。主要阐述了本研究课题的学术背景及其理论与实际意义,国内外文献研究综述及相关研究进展、主要研究内容及研究方法等内容。
第二章政策性农业保险立法的概念界定与理论基础。首先,在概念部分,阐述了农业保险、政策性农业保险及政策性农业保险立法的内涵与特点,为后续的研究界定研究对象和范围。然后,探讨了政策性农业保险立法的基本理论,为全文研究奠定理论基础。
第三章我国政策性农业保险立法的现状与成因分析。通过对我国政策性农业保险立法的历史回顾及现状的总结,分析政策性农业保险立法缺失的主观因素和客观因素,为后续对策建议的提出奠定了理论基础。
第四章我国政策性农业保险立法的必要性与可行性。深入地分析了政策性农业保险立法的必要性,并从农业保险立法能够满足农业保险发展的现实需要、农业保险立法时机成熟、农业保险立法的条件具备以及农业保险立法有可供借鉴的国外同类立法等方面全面地论证了我国政策性农业保险立法的可行性,为我国政策性农业保险立法工作的开展提供客观依据。
第五章政策性农业保险立法的国际比较与借鉴。本章主要研究美国、加拿大、日本、菲律宾等比较有代表性的国家的政策性农业保险立法的背景、内容及其变化,通过比较与分析,总结出各国政策性农业保险立法的共同特点,以其为我国政策性农业保险立法提供借鉴与启示。
第六章我国政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式。这是本文的重点部分。本章论证了我国政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式等问题,并提出了具有针对性的观点,为我国政策性农业保险法律制度构建提供了宏观层面的指导。
第七章我国政策性农业保险的法律关系。这一部分是本文的重点和难点部分。本章从主体、客体、内容三个要素方面来具体分析和阐述政策性农业保险的法律关系。政策性农业保险立法就是要确立政府、农业保险经营组织与农户三者之间的权利义务关系,即法律关系。政策性农业保险法律关系的确立在农业立法中具有重要的意义和价值,它是制定我国政策性农业保险法律规范的基础和前提。在理清政策性农业保险法律关系的基础上才能合理地构建我国政策性农业保险的法律制度。
第八章我国政策性农业保险法的主要内容构想。本章基于政策性农业保险对法律保障的需求,从立法目的、农业保险的组织经营、农业保险的政策扶持、农业保险的监督管理及农业保险的法律责任等方面提出了具体的有针对性的法律制度的构想。这是本文的另一个重点和难点部分。
第九章加快我国政策性农业保险立法进程的对策建议。本章在前文分析的基础上,针对我国政策性农业保险立法的现实情况,提出了加快我国政策性农业保险立法进程的对策建议,希望可以对我国政策性农业保险立法工作起到积极的推动作用。
第十章为结论,总结本文的研究成果。
At present, China is continuing to promote reform and opening up policy and socialist modernization as well as a well-off society while agricultural and rural development is still in the difficult climbing stage such as frequent natural disasters, great loss and poor agricultural environment as well as the obvious weakness for agriculture in general. Faced with such serious reality, the development of policy-oriented agriculture insurance is badly needed. As an effective means of modern agriculture risk management, policy-oriented agriculture insurance has played an important role in several respects such as ensuring agricultural production, stabilizing the rural economy and protecting farmers’interests. Besides, it has a great significance in promoting socialist new countryside construction and rural economic society being fully developed and building a socialist harmonious society.
Based on its need for policy-support from the government and the legal protection, construction progress on the legal system of policy-oriented agricultural insurance has aroused much attention and expectation. On January 2007,“Policy-Oriented Agricultural Insurance Regulations”drafted by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission was included in the legislative program of the State Council in 2007.Legislative seminar on“Policy-Oriented Agricultural Insurance Regulations”was held by China Insurance Regulatory Commission in Beijing from May 24th to May 25th in 2007 and some legislation member units such as the State Council Legislative Affairs Office, China Agriculture Office, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other units attended the conference. With it formally beginning, policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation has increasingly become a widespread concern and research focus in theoretical circles. However, when exploring the theories on policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, people pay much more attention to the application of“law”than to“enacting”itself and to a great extent people intend to ignore the analysis on the process of ideal criterion shifting into enacted law.
In fact, legislation is not merely a process based on ration when legislators carries out the system, nor is one which provides simple legal norms, but a comprehensive process concerning about politics, economy and other social elements. Legislation would rather be a major social alternative than a specialized technical task and it is a very critical activity about choosing social fundamental values as well as coordinating the benefit from mutual conflict in the society.
Therefore, at present in-depth study of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation has important theoretical and practical significance.
For Chinese policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the research of which is a new exploration. Either from the aspects of comprehensiveness of the structure and the depth of the content in research, or from the aspects of guidance of the research conclusions it is an innovative research. In this paper, it fully illustrates the connotation, characteristics and nature of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in order to innovate in some ways such as theoretical exploration, legislative objectives, principles and models as well as content’s conceiving.
The study in this paper will theoretically lead to greater emphasis on the legislation of policy-oriented insurance, and promote its in-depth theoretical research so as to provide ideas and suggestions for its study. At the same time it will help to fasten the process of legislation of China's policy-oriented agricultural insurance in order to provide a legal standard and security on the development of this kind of insurance and to solve“three agricultural problems”.
This thesis applies agricultural economics, institutional economics and law as a theoretical basis and the Legislative Study of Marxism as guidance to make a comprehensive research on our policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. First I made a further analysis of its history, present situation and imperfect legislation by a combination of historical analysis and the reality. And then, by using a combination of deductive and inductive methods and the analysis of the necessity and feasibility, I draw the conclusion that our country has equipped with the basis of carrying out policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation and should formally start up the course of this insurance legislation.
By a combination of comparative research and comprehensive analysis, I make a pertinent comparison and analysis on the background, contents and changes of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in the typical countries such as the United States, Canada, Japan and the Philippines, summing up the common characteristics of the legislations in these countries and providing some reference and inspiration for our own country. By a combination of standardized research and empirical studies and the use of fundamental theories such as institutional change theory, public choice theory and Marxist legal theory, I make an analysis of dialectical relationship between the supply and demand of law and the legal value and practical significance to solve the“what it ought to be”problem of this kind of insurance legislation. Meanwhile, the“what it should be”problem can be solved through some relevant practical activities, the knowledge of the demand for its legal protection as well as institutional design according to our country-specific conditions so that standardized and empirical research can be closely combined.
In short, the basic principles of Marxist legal theory show that the formulation and the implementation of the law are always or necessarily affected and constrained by various factors such as society, economy, psychology, history, culture as well as a variety of value judgments. Therefore, legislative studies must attach great importance to the mutual relationship between the law and the factors, which are the basic approach and attitude to know and study policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in this article.
This paper is divided into ten chapters:
The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly elaborates several aspects about this study, such as, the background and the significance, and the statement on the domestic and foreign literature and related research development, main research content and research technique.
The second chapter is about the concept limits and the rationale of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. First in the concept part, which has limited the connotation and the characteristic of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance, and the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the object and the scope of study are defined in the following research, then has discussed the elementary theory of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation so as to lay the theoretical foundation for the full text research.
The third chapter is about the present situation and the origin of the lack of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. Through the historical review and the summary of present situation to policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the subjective factor and the objective factor which the insurance legislation is lacking in are analyzed to lay the theoretical foundation for the following countermeasure and suggestion.
The fourth chapter is about the necessity and the feasibility of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation and it has analyzed its necessity thoroughly, and has proved the feasibility of agricultural insurance legislation from these aspects, including whether legislation can meet the social realistic demand, whether the legislative opportunity is mature, whether there are the legislative conditions, and whether there are the similar legislations for reference in foreign countries. And the feasibility has provided the objective basis for the development of our policy-oriented agricultural insurance.
The fifth chapter is about international comparison and reference about policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. This chapter mainly studies the background, the content and the changes of the insurance legislation among the typical countries such as US, Canada, Japan, and Philippines, and through the comparison and the analysis it summarizes the common characteristics of insurance legislation in various countries, so some reference and inspiration are obtained from the insurance legislation for our country. The sixth chapter is about the goal, principle and pattern of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. This is key part of this paper. This chapter has proven such problems mentioned above, has proposed the pertinent viewpoint, and has provided the macroscopic instruction for the construction of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation.
The seventh chapter is about legal relationship of policy-oriented agricultural insurance. This part is the key and difficult part of this paper. This chapter analyzes and states the legal relationship from three aspects -the main body, the object, and the content. Policy-oriented agricultural insurance is to establish the right and obligation relation among the government, operating organization and the peasant household, that is legal relationship. The establishment of the legal relationship has the vital significance and the value in agricultural law, and it is the basis and premise of enacting the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. Legal rules can be reasonably constructed on the basis of clearing off legal relationships of agricultural insurance.
The eighth chapter is about the primary coverage conception of policy-oriented agriculture law of insurance. This chapter is based on the legislative demand of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance, and puts forward specific pertinent conceptions of legal system in the aspects of legislative purposes, organizing operation, policy support, supervision and management and legal responsibility. This is another key and difficult part.
The ninth chapter is about countermeasures and the suggestions to promote the development of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. Based on previous analysis, this chapter focused on the realistic situation of the insurance legislation, proposed the countermeasures and the suggestions promoting the pace of agricultural insurance legislation, and had a positive promotion to the agricultural insurance legislation.
The tenth chapter is the conclusion, summarizing the research result of this paper.
基于农业保险对国家政策性扶持及其法律保障的需求,政策性农业保险立法的进展工作也备受关注和期待。2007年1月,《政策性农业保险条例》被列入国务院2007年立法计划,由中国保监会负责起草。2007年5月24日至25日,中国保监会在北京召开《政策性农业保险条例》立法研讨会,国务院法制办、中农办、国家发改委、财政部、农业部、民政部等立法成员单位均参加了会议。伴随着政策性农业保险立法工作的正式启动,政策性农业保险立法也日益成为理论界广泛关注和研究的焦点。但是,在关于政策性农业保险立法的诸多理论探讨中,人们对于“法”的应用学说的关注程度远远超过对“立”本身的关注,在很大程度上忽略了对理想规范转化为现实法律的过程的分析。事实上,立法并不是立法者仅基于理性而进行的制度设计过程,更不是一个简单的法律规范的供给过程,而是一个政治、经济和社会诸种要素互动的复杂过程。与其说立法是一种专门的技术工作,毋宁说它是一种重大的社会抉择,是关于社会基本价值选择、社会中相互冲突的诸利益协调的重要活动。因此,现阶段,深入研究政策性农业保险立法问题具有重要的理论与实践意义。
对于中国政策性农业保险立法问题的研究是一项全新的探索。无论是从研究结构的全面性、研究内容的深入性,还是从研究结论的指导性来看,本课题都是一次创新性的研究。本文科学界定了政策性农业保险立法的内涵、特征及本质,力求在政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式以及政策性农业保险法的内容构想等方面进行创新。本文的研究在理论上有利于引起对政策性农业保险立法问题的重视,推动政策性农业保险立法理论研究的深入,为政策性农业保险立法研究提供理论上的思路和建议;在实践上有利于推进我国政策性农业保险立法进程,为政策性农业保险发展提供法律依据和保障,促进“三农”问题的解决。
本文以农业经济学、制度经济学和法学为理论基础,以马克思主义立法学思想为指导,全面研究我国政策性农业保险立法问题。采用历史分析与现实结合的方法对我国政策性农业保险立法的历史回顾、现状及立法缺失的原因进行了深入的分析;采用演绎和归纳相结合的方法,通过对我国政策性农业保险立法的必要性和可行性的分析,得出我国现在己经具备进行政策性农业保险立法的现实基础、应该正式启动政策性农业保险立法进程的结论;采用比较研究与综合分析相结合的方法,对美国、加拿大、日本及菲律宾等典型国家的政策性农业保险立法的背景、内容及其变化进行了有针对性地比较与分析,总结出各国政策性农业保险立法的共同特点,以其对我国政策性农业保险立法提供借鉴和启示;采用规范研究与实证研究相结合的方法,运用制度变迁理论、公共选择理论、马克思主义法学理论等基本理论分析了法律供给与法律需求的辩证关系及政策性农业保险立法的法理价值与实践意义,解决政策性农业保险立法的“应然”问题,同时,开展相关实践活动,了解政策性农业保险对法律保障的需求,并结合我国具体国情进行制度设计,解决政策性农业保险立法的“实然”问题,从而将规范研究与实证研究紧密结合。总之,马克思主义法学的基本原理表明,法律的制定和实施总是或者说必然地受到社会、经济、心理、历史、文化以及价值判断等各种因素的影响和制约,因此,立法研究必须重视法律与这些因素之间的相互关系。这是本文认识和研究政策性农业保险立法问题的基本方法和态度。
全文共分10章:
第一章为引言。主要阐述了本研究课题的学术背景及其理论与实际意义,国内外文献研究综述及相关研究进展、主要研究内容及研究方法等内容。
第二章政策性农业保险立法的概念界定与理论基础。首先,在概念部分,阐述了农业保险、政策性农业保险及政策性农业保险立法的内涵与特点,为后续的研究界定研究对象和范围。然后,探讨了政策性农业保险立法的基本理论,为全文研究奠定理论基础。
第三章我国政策性农业保险立法的现状与成因分析。通过对我国政策性农业保险立法的历史回顾及现状的总结,分析政策性农业保险立法缺失的主观因素和客观因素,为后续对策建议的提出奠定了理论基础。
第四章我国政策性农业保险立法的必要性与可行性。深入地分析了政策性农业保险立法的必要性,并从农业保险立法能够满足农业保险发展的现实需要、农业保险立法时机成熟、农业保险立法的条件具备以及农业保险立法有可供借鉴的国外同类立法等方面全面地论证了我国政策性农业保险立法的可行性,为我国政策性农业保险立法工作的开展提供客观依据。
第五章政策性农业保险立法的国际比较与借鉴。本章主要研究美国、加拿大、日本、菲律宾等比较有代表性的国家的政策性农业保险立法的背景、内容及其变化,通过比较与分析,总结出各国政策性农业保险立法的共同特点,以其为我国政策性农业保险立法提供借鉴与启示。
第六章我国政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式。这是本文的重点部分。本章论证了我国政策性农业保险立法的目标、原则与模式等问题,并提出了具有针对性的观点,为我国政策性农业保险法律制度构建提供了宏观层面的指导。
第七章我国政策性农业保险的法律关系。这一部分是本文的重点和难点部分。本章从主体、客体、内容三个要素方面来具体分析和阐述政策性农业保险的法律关系。政策性农业保险立法就是要确立政府、农业保险经营组织与农户三者之间的权利义务关系,即法律关系。政策性农业保险法律关系的确立在农业立法中具有重要的意义和价值,它是制定我国政策性农业保险法律规范的基础和前提。在理清政策性农业保险法律关系的基础上才能合理地构建我国政策性农业保险的法律制度。
第八章我国政策性农业保险法的主要内容构想。本章基于政策性农业保险对法律保障的需求,从立法目的、农业保险的组织经营、农业保险的政策扶持、农业保险的监督管理及农业保险的法律责任等方面提出了具体的有针对性的法律制度的构想。这是本文的另一个重点和难点部分。
第九章加快我国政策性农业保险立法进程的对策建议。本章在前文分析的基础上,针对我国政策性农业保险立法的现实情况,提出了加快我国政策性农业保险立法进程的对策建议,希望可以对我国政策性农业保险立法工作起到积极的推动作用。
第十章为结论,总结本文的研究成果。
At present, China is continuing to promote reform and opening up policy and socialist modernization as well as a well-off society while agricultural and rural development is still in the difficult climbing stage such as frequent natural disasters, great loss and poor agricultural environment as well as the obvious weakness for agriculture in general. Faced with such serious reality, the development of policy-oriented agriculture insurance is badly needed. As an effective means of modern agriculture risk management, policy-oriented agriculture insurance has played an important role in several respects such as ensuring agricultural production, stabilizing the rural economy and protecting farmers’interests. Besides, it has a great significance in promoting socialist new countryside construction and rural economic society being fully developed and building a socialist harmonious society.
Based on its need for policy-support from the government and the legal protection, construction progress on the legal system of policy-oriented agricultural insurance has aroused much attention and expectation. On January 2007,“Policy-Oriented Agricultural Insurance Regulations”drafted by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission was included in the legislative program of the State Council in 2007.Legislative seminar on“Policy-Oriented Agricultural Insurance Regulations”was held by China Insurance Regulatory Commission in Beijing from May 24th to May 25th in 2007 and some legislation member units such as the State Council Legislative Affairs Office, China Agriculture Office, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other units attended the conference. With it formally beginning, policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation has increasingly become a widespread concern and research focus in theoretical circles. However, when exploring the theories on policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, people pay much more attention to the application of“law”than to“enacting”itself and to a great extent people intend to ignore the analysis on the process of ideal criterion shifting into enacted law.
In fact, legislation is not merely a process based on ration when legislators carries out the system, nor is one which provides simple legal norms, but a comprehensive process concerning about politics, economy and other social elements. Legislation would rather be a major social alternative than a specialized technical task and it is a very critical activity about choosing social fundamental values as well as coordinating the benefit from mutual conflict in the society.
Therefore, at present in-depth study of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation has important theoretical and practical significance.
For Chinese policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the research of which is a new exploration. Either from the aspects of comprehensiveness of the structure and the depth of the content in research, or from the aspects of guidance of the research conclusions it is an innovative research. In this paper, it fully illustrates the connotation, characteristics and nature of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in order to innovate in some ways such as theoretical exploration, legislative objectives, principles and models as well as content’s conceiving.
The study in this paper will theoretically lead to greater emphasis on the legislation of policy-oriented insurance, and promote its in-depth theoretical research so as to provide ideas and suggestions for its study. At the same time it will help to fasten the process of legislation of China's policy-oriented agricultural insurance in order to provide a legal standard and security on the development of this kind of insurance and to solve“three agricultural problems”.
This thesis applies agricultural economics, institutional economics and law as a theoretical basis and the Legislative Study of Marxism as guidance to make a comprehensive research on our policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. First I made a further analysis of its history, present situation and imperfect legislation by a combination of historical analysis and the reality. And then, by using a combination of deductive and inductive methods and the analysis of the necessity and feasibility, I draw the conclusion that our country has equipped with the basis of carrying out policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation and should formally start up the course of this insurance legislation.
By a combination of comparative research and comprehensive analysis, I make a pertinent comparison and analysis on the background, contents and changes of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in the typical countries such as the United States, Canada, Japan and the Philippines, summing up the common characteristics of the legislations in these countries and providing some reference and inspiration for our own country. By a combination of standardized research and empirical studies and the use of fundamental theories such as institutional change theory, public choice theory and Marxist legal theory, I make an analysis of dialectical relationship between the supply and demand of law and the legal value and practical significance to solve the“what it ought to be”problem of this kind of insurance legislation. Meanwhile, the“what it should be”problem can be solved through some relevant practical activities, the knowledge of the demand for its legal protection as well as institutional design according to our country-specific conditions so that standardized and empirical research can be closely combined.
In short, the basic principles of Marxist legal theory show that the formulation and the implementation of the law are always or necessarily affected and constrained by various factors such as society, economy, psychology, history, culture as well as a variety of value judgments. Therefore, legislative studies must attach great importance to the mutual relationship between the law and the factors, which are the basic approach and attitude to know and study policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in this article.
This paper is divided into ten chapters:
The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly elaborates several aspects about this study, such as, the background and the significance, and the statement on the domestic and foreign literature and related research development, main research content and research technique.
The second chapter is about the concept limits and the rationale of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. First in the concept part, which has limited the connotation and the characteristic of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance, and the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the object and the scope of study are defined in the following research, then has discussed the elementary theory of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation so as to lay the theoretical foundation for the full text research.
The third chapter is about the present situation and the origin of the lack of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. Through the historical review and the summary of present situation to policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation, the subjective factor and the objective factor which the insurance legislation is lacking in are analyzed to lay the theoretical foundation for the following countermeasure and suggestion.
The fourth chapter is about the necessity and the feasibility of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation and it has analyzed its necessity thoroughly, and has proved the feasibility of agricultural insurance legislation from these aspects, including whether legislation can meet the social realistic demand, whether the legislative opportunity is mature, whether there are the legislative conditions, and whether there are the similar legislations for reference in foreign countries. And the feasibility has provided the objective basis for the development of our policy-oriented agricultural insurance.
The fifth chapter is about international comparison and reference about policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. This chapter mainly studies the background, the content and the changes of the insurance legislation among the typical countries such as US, Canada, Japan, and Philippines, and through the comparison and the analysis it summarizes the common characteristics of insurance legislation in various countries, so some reference and inspiration are obtained from the insurance legislation for our country. The sixth chapter is about the goal, principle and pattern of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. This is key part of this paper. This chapter has proven such problems mentioned above, has proposed the pertinent viewpoint, and has provided the macroscopic instruction for the construction of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation.
The seventh chapter is about legal relationship of policy-oriented agricultural insurance. This part is the key and difficult part of this paper. This chapter analyzes and states the legal relationship from three aspects -the main body, the object, and the content. Policy-oriented agricultural insurance is to establish the right and obligation relation among the government, operating organization and the peasant household, that is legal relationship. The establishment of the legal relationship has the vital significance and the value in agricultural law, and it is the basis and premise of enacting the policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation. Legal rules can be reasonably constructed on the basis of clearing off legal relationships of agricultural insurance.
The eighth chapter is about the primary coverage conception of policy-oriented agriculture law of insurance. This chapter is based on the legislative demand of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance, and puts forward specific pertinent conceptions of legal system in the aspects of legislative purposes, organizing operation, policy support, supervision and management and legal responsibility. This is another key and difficult part.
The ninth chapter is about countermeasures and the suggestions to promote the development of policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislation in our country. Based on previous analysis, this chapter focused on the realistic situation of the insurance legislation, proposed the countermeasures and the suggestions promoting the pace of agricultural insurance legislation, and had a positive promotion to the agricultural insurance legislation.
The tenth chapter is the conclusion, summarizing the research result of this paper.
引文
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