老河口油田老451区块储层特征及精细油藏描述
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摘要
老河口油田老451区块位于山东省东营市孤岛区境内,区域构造上位于渤海
湾盆地济阳埕子口凸起北斜坡腰部,是一个以下第三系沙河街组沙二、三段砂岩
为储层的构造-岩性油藏。该断块自94年投入开发,起初有两口井(老45、L451)
获得工业性油流,但其后(1999年)在与老45、L451相同的地质背景和构造条
件且地理位置上紧邻,L451.斜1、L451.2和L451-3井接连打空。表明该断块内
的储层及剩余油分布异常复杂。这给断块的进一步勘探开发带来极大的不确定
性。
本文运用矿物学、岩石学及沉积学对老451沙二、三段的沉积相进行了精细
研究,在此基础上应用层序地层的方法建立了沙二、三段和沙一段-东营组的层
序格架。将研究区内的层序格架组成分为五类模式:即陡坡型、缓坡型、高垒型、
深洼型、冲积型。研究认为:S_1底部砂岩属湖浸期的滨岸滩坝沉积,横向延伸范
围广,是本区油气的良好储集体;沙二、三段则为周期性进积的水下冲积扇沉积。
储层主要为沙三段上部的粉砂岩和砂砾岩,砂体主要分布在老451井东断裂上升
盘;沙二段的砾岩、含砾砂岩及粉砂岩,砂体主要分布在两个地区:老斜452井
至老451-斜1井一线、东部桩106-14-7井至老451井以及桩106-14-10
井一带。
本文对研究区沙二、三段储层的孔隙进行了系统研究,结果表明沙二、三段
储层孔隙主要为溶蚀粒间孔隙、溶蚀粒内孔隙和溶蚀填隙物内孔隙,其次为粒间
孔隙。喉道以孔隙缩小型和收缩型为主,孔隙结构主要包括三类:Ⅰ_A类具有高
孔隙度、高渗透率和粗喉道的特点;Ⅰ_B类具有较高孔隙度、较高渗透率和粗喉
道的特点;Ⅱ_A类孔渗低,喉道中值较前两类低。研究区剩余油主要受沉积微相、
储层参数和储层微观特征影响,三者共同作用使剩余油主要分布在沙二段砂体正
韵律顶部和沙三段扇中砂体部位。这些部位应是今后滚动勘探的重点。
研究表明,老451断块共发育10条断裂,对油气具有控制作用的是老451
井东1号断裂、老451井南断裂和老45井南断裂。油气运移的主要通道是砂岩
The Lao 451 block of Laohekou oil field lies within the Gudao area, Dongying city, Shandong province, and tectonically situated on the middle part of north slope of Chenzikou uplift, Jiyang depression, Bohaiwan basin. It is a tectonic-lithology reservoir mainly concentrated in the Sha II and III formation of Paleogene. Launched into production in 1994, the first two wells, Lao 45 and 451, may yield industrial output and contrasted with the Lao 451-X1, L451-2 and L451-3 drilled in 1999, all of which are futile though geographically contiguous and the same in geological background and tectonic conditions with the Lao 45 and Lao 451. It indicates that the reservoir and residual oil are distributed extremely abnormal, and therefore resulting in the highly uncertainty in the exploration and development.In this thesis, the Sha II and III formation of Lao 451 are elaborately studied by means of mineralogy, lithology and sedimentology, and so as to constructing the sequence framework containing Sha II, III and Sha I to the Dongying formation on the basis of sequence formation study. According to the study above, the sequence framework may be subcategorized into 5 types, that is, steep slope, gentle slope, high horst, deep low-lying and alluvial type. It is revealed that, the sand bedding underlying the S_1 is the shore bar deposition during the lacustrine transgression with wide lateral distribution, and the favorable reservoir in this area; the Sha II and III are underwater alluvial fan deposited during periodical progradation and characterized in reservoir by silt and conglomerate bedding overlying the Sha III formation, and mainly distributed on the hanging wall of east Lao 451 fault; the conglomerate, gravel and silt of Sha II formation are mainly distributed in two areas, that is, the area from the Lao X452 well to the X1 well, Zhuang 106-14-7 well to the Lao 451 well and the 106-14-10 area.
The pore structure of the Sha II and III formation are systematically studied and revealed that the pore of the Sha II and III formation is mainly vugular-solution intergranular pore, vugular-solution intergranular pore and vugular-solution infilling inter-pore, and intergranular pore secondarily. The pore throat is mainly pore-shrinking and contraction type, and the pore structure may be divided into three types: U type, characterized by high porosity, high permeability and wide pore throat; Ib type, characterized by relatively high porosity and permeability and wide pore throat; IIa type, characterized by low permeability, medium pore throat lower than two types above. The residual oil is mainly controlled by the micro-facies, reservoir parameter and micro-features, all of which drive the residual oil to the positive rhythm sand bedding overlying the Sha II foramation and the mid-fan sand bedding of the Sha III formation, which are all favorable area for the subsequent progressive exploration.It is revealed that, there are 10 faults in the Lao 451 block, of which the east 1 fault of the Lao 451 well, south fault of the Lao 451 well and south fault of the Lao 45 well dominate the hydrocarbon migration, and the migrating channel is mainly sand bedding and relative fault. The east fault of the Lao 451 well works as the block for the hydrocarbon accumulation and plays a key role in the reservoir formation.Based on the geological study and the secondary logging-interpretation on tens of well, study on formation conditions, controlling factors, accumulation feature and distribution characteristics of residual oil in the Lao 451 block constrained by seismic inversion, the disciplinary knowledge of residual oil are generalized and may be of directive significance and practical value for the subsequent progressive exploration and development of the Lao 451 block.
湾盆地济阳埕子口凸起北斜坡腰部,是一个以下第三系沙河街组沙二、三段砂岩
为储层的构造-岩性油藏。该断块自94年投入开发,起初有两口井(老45、L451)
获得工业性油流,但其后(1999年)在与老45、L451相同的地质背景和构造条
件且地理位置上紧邻,L451.斜1、L451.2和L451-3井接连打空。表明该断块内
的储层及剩余油分布异常复杂。这给断块的进一步勘探开发带来极大的不确定
性。
本文运用矿物学、岩石学及沉积学对老451沙二、三段的沉积相进行了精细
研究,在此基础上应用层序地层的方法建立了沙二、三段和沙一段-东营组的层
序格架。将研究区内的层序格架组成分为五类模式:即陡坡型、缓坡型、高垒型、
深洼型、冲积型。研究认为:S_1底部砂岩属湖浸期的滨岸滩坝沉积,横向延伸范
围广,是本区油气的良好储集体;沙二、三段则为周期性进积的水下冲积扇沉积。
储层主要为沙三段上部的粉砂岩和砂砾岩,砂体主要分布在老451井东断裂上升
盘;沙二段的砾岩、含砾砂岩及粉砂岩,砂体主要分布在两个地区:老斜452井
至老451-斜1井一线、东部桩106-14-7井至老451井以及桩106-14-10
井一带。
本文对研究区沙二、三段储层的孔隙进行了系统研究,结果表明沙二、三段
储层孔隙主要为溶蚀粒间孔隙、溶蚀粒内孔隙和溶蚀填隙物内孔隙,其次为粒间
孔隙。喉道以孔隙缩小型和收缩型为主,孔隙结构主要包括三类:Ⅰ_A类具有高
孔隙度、高渗透率和粗喉道的特点;Ⅰ_B类具有较高孔隙度、较高渗透率和粗喉
道的特点;Ⅱ_A类孔渗低,喉道中值较前两类低。研究区剩余油主要受沉积微相、
储层参数和储层微观特征影响,三者共同作用使剩余油主要分布在沙二段砂体正
韵律顶部和沙三段扇中砂体部位。这些部位应是今后滚动勘探的重点。
研究表明,老451断块共发育10条断裂,对油气具有控制作用的是老451
井东1号断裂、老451井南断裂和老45井南断裂。油气运移的主要通道是砂岩
The Lao 451 block of Laohekou oil field lies within the Gudao area, Dongying city, Shandong province, and tectonically situated on the middle part of north slope of Chenzikou uplift, Jiyang depression, Bohaiwan basin. It is a tectonic-lithology reservoir mainly concentrated in the Sha II and III formation of Paleogene. Launched into production in 1994, the first two wells, Lao 45 and 451, may yield industrial output and contrasted with the Lao 451-X1, L451-2 and L451-3 drilled in 1999, all of which are futile though geographically contiguous and the same in geological background and tectonic conditions with the Lao 45 and Lao 451. It indicates that the reservoir and residual oil are distributed extremely abnormal, and therefore resulting in the highly uncertainty in the exploration and development.In this thesis, the Sha II and III formation of Lao 451 are elaborately studied by means of mineralogy, lithology and sedimentology, and so as to constructing the sequence framework containing Sha II, III and Sha I to the Dongying formation on the basis of sequence formation study. According to the study above, the sequence framework may be subcategorized into 5 types, that is, steep slope, gentle slope, high horst, deep low-lying and alluvial type. It is revealed that, the sand bedding underlying the S_1 is the shore bar deposition during the lacustrine transgression with wide lateral distribution, and the favorable reservoir in this area; the Sha II and III are underwater alluvial fan deposited during periodical progradation and characterized in reservoir by silt and conglomerate bedding overlying the Sha III formation, and mainly distributed on the hanging wall of east Lao 451 fault; the conglomerate, gravel and silt of Sha II formation are mainly distributed in two areas, that is, the area from the Lao X452 well to the X1 well, Zhuang 106-14-7 well to the Lao 451 well and the 106-14-10 area.
The pore structure of the Sha II and III formation are systematically studied and revealed that the pore of the Sha II and III formation is mainly vugular-solution intergranular pore, vugular-solution intergranular pore and vugular-solution infilling inter-pore, and intergranular pore secondarily. The pore throat is mainly pore-shrinking and contraction type, and the pore structure may be divided into three types: U type, characterized by high porosity, high permeability and wide pore throat; Ib type, characterized by relatively high porosity and permeability and wide pore throat; IIa type, characterized by low permeability, medium pore throat lower than two types above. The residual oil is mainly controlled by the micro-facies, reservoir parameter and micro-features, all of which drive the residual oil to the positive rhythm sand bedding overlying the Sha II foramation and the mid-fan sand bedding of the Sha III formation, which are all favorable area for the subsequent progressive exploration.It is revealed that, there are 10 faults in the Lao 451 block, of which the east 1 fault of the Lao 451 well, south fault of the Lao 451 well and south fault of the Lao 45 well dominate the hydrocarbon migration, and the migrating channel is mainly sand bedding and relative fault. The east fault of the Lao 451 well works as the block for the hydrocarbon accumulation and plays a key role in the reservoir formation.Based on the geological study and the secondary logging-interpretation on tens of well, study on formation conditions, controlling factors, accumulation feature and distribution characteristics of residual oil in the Lao 451 block constrained by seismic inversion, the disciplinary knowledge of residual oil are generalized and may be of directive significance and practical value for the subsequent progressive exploration and development of the Lao 451 block.
引文
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