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RUP在教学管理系统中的应用
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摘要
统一软件开发过程(Rational Unified Process,RUP)是Rational软件公司的软件工程过程产品。它汲取了面向对象软件工程领域多年来的优秀研究成果,利用了新的可视化建模标准UML(Unified Modeling Language),被称为软件开发队伍的最佳实践。RUP是一种用况驱动、以构架为中心、迭代和增量的开发方法。与传统的开发方法相比,RUP能够有效地降低风险,更好地适应需求变化。
     教学管理系统的目标是促进教学管理现代化,提高教学管理的效率。我们将RUP引入系统开发,在.NET平台上;以三层B/S结构成功地构建了中南大学教学管理系统。该系统适应新型教学管理模式,运行效果良好。
     本文对RUP进行了较为深入的研究,分析了其主要特点和二维结构,并对RUP和XP这两种目前最为流行的软件开发过程进行了比较。针对教学管理系统的特点,提出了在.NET平台上构建教学管理系统的总体方案。采用RUP来指导项目开发,对其进行合理地剪裁,在经过多次迭代后,最终获得了满意的效果。选课子系统是整个系统中的一个重要部分,体现了其适应全面学分制的特点。本文侧重介绍了选课子系统的开发过程,尤其是需求、分析、设计、实现和测试五个核心工作流。另外,分析了教学管理系统的关键技术,包括数据存取和显示技术、多级安全机制、并发控制、构建公共类库和应用程序配置等。最后,对课题进行了小结,并展望了未来的工作。
Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process product developed by Rational Software. With its adoption of many state-of-the-art developments in the field of Object-Oriented Software Engineering, and its utilization of a new visual modeling standard, Unified Modeling Language (UML), this methodology is regarded as the "Best Practice for Software Development Teams". RUP is a use-case-driven, architecture-centric, iterative and incremental software development method. Comparing with traditional methods, RUP effectively decreases risks and better adapts to requirements changes during a software development cycle.
    RUP is effectively used to help achieve the goal of teaching administration system, which is to accelerate the modernization of teaching administration and improve the efficiency of teaching administration. A .NET platform-based, three-tier B/S structured teaching administration system has been successfully implemented at Central South University using RUP. It is proven that this system fits the new teaching administration model, and its performance is good.
    This thesis provides an in-depth analysis of RUP by analyzing its main features, investigating its two-dimensional structure, and comparing and contrasting with another predominant software development method XP. An overall solution is proposed on .NET platform based on the characteristics of the teaching administration system. We used RUP as our project guidelines, slightly modified RUP to fit our applications, and achieved satisfactory results after several iterations. The course-selection subsystem is the most important part of the whole system because it represents its adaptation to complete credit systems. Therefore, this thesis emphasizes on the development process of this subsystem, especially the five Core Workflows which are requirements, analysis, design, implementation and test. In addition, the thesis analyses the key techniques used in the teaching administration system, including data access and display, multilevel security mechanism, concurrency control, common library construction and applica
    tions configuration. Finally, the thesis provides a brief summary of the current accomplishments and a discussion of future work.
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